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Overview
• Introduction • Old-fashioned Biases: Almost Gone• 20th Century Biases: Subtle but Significant• 21st Century Biases: It’s Complicated
Overview
• Introduction • Old-fashioned Biases: Almost Gone• 20th Century Biases: Subtle but Significant• 21st Century Biases: It’s Complicated
Old-fashioned Biases – Almost Gone
Blatant Biases: Conscious beliefs, feelings, and behavior that people are perfectly willing to admit, are mostly hostile, and openly favor their own group.
Old-fashioned Biases – Almost Gone
Social Dominance Orientation: Belief that group hierarchies are inevitable in all societies and even a good idea to maintain order and stability.
Old-fashioned Biases – Almost Gone
Right-wing Authoritarianism: Endorses respect for obedience and authority in the service of group conformity, and focuses on group unity over individual rights.
Old-fashioned Biases – Almost GoneSocial Dominance
OrientationRight-Wing
Authoritarianism
Core Belief Groups compete for economic resources
Group values trump all else
Intergroup Belief
Group hierarchies are inevitable, good
Groups must follow authority
in-group Belief in-group must be tough, competitive
in-group must unite, protect
out-group Belief
“They” are trying to beat “us” “They” have bad ideas
Overview
• Introduction • Old-fashioned Biases: Almost Gone• 20th Century Biases: Subtle but Significant• 21st Century Biases: It’s Complicated
20th Century Biases
Subtle Biases: Unexamined and sometimes unconscious biases with real consequences.
Automatic
Ambiguous
Ambivalent
20th Century Biases: Ambiguous
Social Identity Theory
Self-categorization Theory
Aversive Racism
In“We”
In“We”
Out“They”
Out“They”
Out“They”
Out“They”
Out“They”
Out“They”
20th Century Biases: SummaryBias Type Example What It Shows
AutomaticImplicit Association Test
People link “good” & in-group, “bad” & out-group
Ambiguous
Social Identity Theory
People favor in-group, distance from out-group
Self-categorization Theory
Same but emphasizes self as member of in-group
Aversive Racism People avoid out-group, avoid their own prejudices
AmbivalentStereotype Content Model
People divide groups by warmth and competence
Overview
• Introduction • Old-fashioned Biases: Almost Gone• 20th Century Biases: Subtle but Significant• 21st Century Biases: It’s Complicated
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