Poultry And more Poultrycardinalculinary.weebly.com/.../poultry_notes.pdf · Cooking Poultry...

PoultryPoultry

And more Poultry...

Chickens 2:27

Poultry is the term used for all domesticated birds raised and bred for human consumption.

Poultry...what is it?

Poultry: Kinds

ChickenTurkeyDuck

Poultry: Kinds

ChickenTurkeyDuck

Poultry: Kinds

ChickenTurkeyDuck

Poultry: Kinds

GooseGuinea HenCornish Hen

Poultry: Kinds

Poultry2. Chicken is similar to meat in structure.3. Flesh is made up of muscle, connective tissue, fat and bone. Fat is found underneath the skin.

Poultry

QuailPheasantPigeon

Squab (pigeon nestling)

Game birds:

PoultryType Description Age Weight Cooking

MethodBroiler/ Fryer

Male or Female; Tender; small amount of fat

9-12 weeks 1½-2½ lbs. Dry heat:Broil or Fry

Roaster Male or Female;More fat

3-5 mos. 2½-4½ lbs. Dry heat:Roast

Capon Neutered male;Very meaty

< 8 mos. 4-8 lbs. Dry heat:Roast

StewingChicken

Male or Female;Less tender

>10 mos. 4-6 lbs. Moist heat:Braise, simmer, stew

Poultry4. Light (White) Meat:

Less fat and cooks faster

Poultry4. Dark Meat:

More fat, longer to cook

PoultryPurchasing

Poultry:PurchasingMarket Forms:

•Fresh - Cook within 1-2 days•Frozen - Keep frozen up to 6 months•Canned - Pieces without bones

Poultry:PurchasingClass:

• Maturity and Gender• Male or Female

Poultry:PurchasingStyle:

• State of the bird when received at foodservice operation

Poultry:PurchasingRTC:

• Prepared and packaged• READY TO COOK

Poultry:PurchasingWhich to buy:

1. Menu item2. Time to cook3. Light or dark meat4. Storage - fresh or frozen

PoultryJudging Quality

Poultry: Judging Quality

Should vary from cream to yellow

Should not have a strong odor

Stamps

USDA approval

Poultry: Judging QualityCheck inspection & grade labels

•Clues to quality

•Must be inspectedBest poultry to buy

•Full-fleshed

•Meaty

•Well-distributed fat

•Skin free of blemishes & pin feathers

PoultryInspection & Grading

USDA 1:04

Poultry: Inspection & Grading

1. Must be federally inspected2. Free from visible signs of disease3. Must be properly handled and stored4. Grading is optional

USDA 1:55

5. Grade A poultry:

a. Plump and Meatyb. Have clear skinc. No broken bonesd. All feathers removed

6. Lower quality birds are used for chicken fingers and chicken pot pie

Poultry Standards…

Inspection (required by law)Poultry sold in interstate commerce must be inspected for wholesomeness•Healthy birds

•Sanitary packaging•Labeled accurately

Poultry Standards…

Grading (voluntary)Graded for quality & assigned a U.S. Grade

Grade A: Full-fleshed & meaty; even distribution of fat under skinGrade B: Slightly less meatyGrade C: Has less flesh & less fat

PoultryHandling & Storage

Poultry: Handling & Storage

1. Fresh and frozen must be handled carefully to avoid illness

2. Fresh poultry is highly perishable

3. Fresh poultry must be used within 3 days or must be frozen

4. Frozen poultry should be used within 6 months

5. Never refreeze thawed poultry

Fresh:•Remove from the market wrap

•Rewrap loosely with waxed paper or freezer paper

•Store in coldest part in fridge (35-38ºF)

Poultry: Handling & StorageFrozen:•Can be stored up to a year if wrapped

in freezer wrap

•Not wrapped in freezer paper or bags

•Gets dehydrated because left in the freezer too long

•Dry, pale, and frosty in spots

Freezer burn:

PoultryNutrient Contribution

Poultry: Nutrient ContributionProteins

•High-quality

•Complete proteinFats

•Saturated

•Dark meat has a slightly higher fat content than white meat

Poultry: Nutrient ContributionMinerals

•Iron & PhosphorusVitamins

•B-vitamins (thiamin, niacin, & riboflavin)

Chicken Gag 1:30

In the US, we eat a total of 26,088,324,319 pounds of chicken per year, which is 71,474,861 pounds per day.

49 day chicken :46

Food, Inc. 2;17

PoultryCookery

PoultryRoasting & Baking

Roasting 4:30

Cooking PoultryRoasting & Baking

1. Essentially the same process2. Golden brown on outside, tender and juicy inside3. Proper temp makes all the difference.

Basting the poultry while cooking willkeep it moist. Usually only large birds.

PoultryBroiling & Grilling

Broiling 2:01

Cooking PoultryBroiling & Grilling

1. Preheat broiler or grill2. Prepare poultry3. Place “presentation” side down first4. Turn 90 degrees to get crosshatch

Cooking PoultryBroiling & Grilling

5. Brush with oil or marinade to keep moist6. Carefully turn over7. Done when temp reaches 165 degrees

PoultryPan Frying

Pan Fry 3:21

Cooking PoultryPan Frying

Poultry is dipped in batter or seasoned flour that will turn golden

brown when done.

Temperature of fat should be around 400 degrees.

PoultryDeep Frying

Deep Fry 3:30

Cooking PoultryDeep Frying

Poultry is coated prior to frying - bread crumbs, batter, etc.

Temperature of fat should be around 325-350 degrees.

Dark meat will take longer to cook than white meat.

PoultryPressure Frying

Pressure Fry 4:11

Cooking PoultryPressure Frying

Uses the same technique for preparing poultry for frying. Pressure cooker cooks more

quickly at a lower temp.Extra crispy on outside, juicy on

inside - less greasy.

PoultrySauteing

Saute 3:24

Cooking PoultrySauteing

Sauteing is a method of cooking poultry in an open pan until brown and juicy. This method requires very little

Cooking PoultrySauteing

1. Prepare poultry - cut thin or pound out for thinner piece2. Heat fat3. Season poultry - dredge in flour 4. Cook until “presentation” side is golden brown.5. Flip and cook until reaches 165

PoultrySimmering & Poaching

Poaching 1:49

Cooking PoultrySimmering & Poaching

Simmering is for older birds.Poaching used to cook whole, tender

birds.Poultry must be seasoned and cooked

in flavorful broth Liquid should cover poultry during

entire cooking process.

PoultryBraising

Braising 2:59

Cooking PoultryBraising

Braising starts with a dry heat cooking method and ends with a moist heat

method. Braised poultry should be accompanied by the liquid in which it was prepared.

Cooking PoultryBraising

1. Brown and sear the poultry in a small amount of fat.2. Add liquid and other ingredients and bring to simmer.3. Cover the pan and continue to simmer until done. Should be falling apart.

Nuggets 2:44

PoultryFabrication

Yan 3:00

Chicken Butcher 4:46

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