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10.24.16
Pages 96-97
1. What is cultural diffusion?
2. What is diversity?
POPULATION & MOVEMENTCore Concept 6
Population GrowthWorld Population = ~7 Billion
Demographers are people who study human populations and
measure the rate at which populations grow.
Birth Rate = # of births per 1,000 people in a year.
Death Rate = # of deaths per 1,000 people in a year.
BR > DR = Population Growth
CAUSES OF POPULATION GROWTH
About 200 years ago the global birth rate was only slightly above
the death rate, leading to slow population growth.
Industrial Revolution – better medical care; improvements in food
production; better living conditions; etc…
By the 1950s, world’s population began to soar.
EFFECTS OF POPULATION GROWTH
Positive – production & consumption of more goods/services;
increasing a country’s economy.
Negative – population can grow faster than the supply of food,
water, medicine, and other resources; lack of clean water can lead
to starvation, disease, and a high infant mortality rate (# of infant
deaths per 1,000 births); pollution; deforestation; desertification
(spread of desert-like conditions).
THINK ABOUT IT…1. How are the birth rate and death rate used to measure
population growth?
2. If the population of your town suddenly doubled, how might
your daily life change?
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
Population Distribution is the spreading of people over an area of land.
The world’s population is distributed unevenly on Earth.
Some places have lots of people (Northeastern U.S.)
Some places have few people (Western U.S.)
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
People LIVE where there is:Fresh water; fertile soil; mild climates
People DON’T LIVE where it is:Too hot/cold; too wet/dry; mountains
POPULATION DENSITY
Population density is the number of people per unit of land.
Population density = # of people per square mile
The more people more square mile, the more crowded a place is.
Population Density
Current Population of Delhi, India 18,686,902
Current Population of India 1,266,883,598
Current Population of Oklahoma City 631,412 (predicted estimate)
New Delhi,India
TOP 10 MOST POPULOUS COUNTRIES
1. China 1,373,541,278 6. Pakistan 201,995,540
2. India 1,266,883,598 7. Nigeria 186,053,386
3. United States 323,995,528 8. Bangladesh 156,186,882
4. Indonesia 258,316,051 9. Russia 142,355,415
5. Brazil 205,823,665 10. Japan 126,702,133
POPULATION PYRAMIDS
POPULATION PYRAMIDS
THINK ABOUT IT…
1. How are population distribution and population density different?
2. How might a rapid increase in a region’s population density change the region?
MIGRATION
Migration is the movement of people from one place to another.
People often migrate WITHIN a country (like from Oklahoma City to Dallas). Internal migration is often due to jobs!
Emigration = LEAVING home country; moving FROM a place (GOING)
Immigration = ENTERING new country; moving INTO a new place (COMING)
MIGRATIONMass migration can greatly change a region’s culture and society.
Cuban immigrants to Miami!
REASONS FOR MIGRATION
Push factors = causes of migration that “PUSH” people
to leave their home country.
Pull factors = reasons of migration that attract people
to new countries.
THINK ABOUT IT…
1. Suppose your family migrated after a tornado destroyed your home. Would the tornado be considered a push factor or a pull factor? Explain.
URBANIZATION
Urban = city
Rural = country
Urbanization = movement of people from rural areas to
urban areas (from country to city)
URBANIZATIONIn 2008, for the 1st time in history, more than ½ the world’s population lived in cities & towns.
Europe & North America – urbanization began in 1800s w/Industrial Revolution.
Today, rapid urbanization in Asia & Africa, where poverty in rural areas is a push factor, while higher income and better education in the cities are pull factors.
CHALLENGES OF URBANIZATION1. Overpopulation – cities have more people than they can handle.
Can’t provide enough housing, jobs, schools, hospitals, or other services.
2. Spread of Slums – poor overcrowded urban neighborhoods.
3. Suburban sprawl – spread of suburbs away from the core city.
Loss of farmland, forestry, and other natural spaces
Increase in pollution & energy use
CHALLENGES OF URBANIZATION
Rio slums
Dharavi Slum in Mumbai, India
CHALLENGES OF URBANIZATION
Panama City, Panama, had a population of 171,000
in 1950. By 2025, it is expected to grow to 2.4 million.
1950′s
TODAY
1950′s
TODAY
Mumbai, India, had a population of 2.9 million in 1950.
By 2025, it is expected to grow to 26.4 million.
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