Polution Klang River

POLLUTION REDUCTION IN SELANGOR & POLLUTION REDUCTION IN SELANGOR & KLANG RIVER SYSTEMKLANG RIVER SYSTEM

NORFAEZAH SHAMSUDDINEngineer

SELANGOR WATERS MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY (SWMA)/

LEMBAGA URUS AIR SELANGOR (LUAS)

EAS CONGRESS 2009, MANILA25th NOVEMBER 2009

Area : 7, 955 km2

Population : 4 million

Districts : Gombak, Hulu Selangor, Kuala Selangor, Kuala Langat, Hulu Langat, Sabak Bernam, Klang,Petaling, Sepang.

Peninsular of Malaysia

CONTENTS :

� Background of SWMA

� Pollutions in Selangor & Klang River

� Impact of pollutions

� Approaches

� Linkaging and Harmonizing between river

and coastal management

� Conclusion

BACKGROUND OF SWMA

� Selangor Waters Management Authority or its

acronym, SWMA/LUAS is a one-stop agency

for the management of water resources, river

basin, water bodies, ground water and

coastal waters in the State of Selangor.

� It was established under the Selangor Waters

Management Authority Enactment 1999

pursuant to the approval of the Selangor

State Legislative Assembly on 9 April 1999.

� To ensure the water resources and environmental su rrounding is in a manageable and sustainable condition

� To undertake the function of planning, research, fa cilitator, coordinator, operation, enforcement, supervision in the development of an the integrated management of wate r resources and environment

� To provide an environment that is conducive for pub lic and private sector participation in the development, ut ilization andmanagement of water resources

� To create the public awareness and the participatio n of the public on the importance of water resources

SWMA OBJECTIVES

WATER RESOURCES IN SELANGOR

� rivers and coastal waters

� ground waters

� lakes and ponds (alternative resources)

77

SELAT MELAK

A

SELAT MELAK

A

KUALAKUALALUMPURLUMPUR

PUTRAJAYAPUTRAJAYA

PERAKPERAK

NEGERINEGERISEMBILANSEMBILAN

SG BERNAMSG BERNAM

SG TENGISG TENGI

SG SELANGORSG SELANGOR

SG BULOHSG BULOH

SG KLANGSG KLANG

SG LANGATSG LANGAT

SG SEPANGSG SEPANG

RIVER BASINS MAP IN SELANGOR , RIVER ACROSS BORDE R AND BETWEENRIVER BASINS MAP IN SELANGOR , RIVER ACROSS BORDE R AND BETWEEN BORDER IN SELANGOR BORDER IN SELANGOR WITH OTHER STATESWITH OTHER STATES

PAHANGPAHANG

ST

AT

E’S

CO

AS

TA

L

EARTHWORK

OIL SPILL

LOGGING

AQUACULTURE

INDUSTRIES NAVIGATION

RECREATION

POLLUTIONS

OIL SPILL

SOLID WASTE

MINING

SQUATTERS

LIVE STOCK

SOIL EROSION STP’S

AGRICULTURE

POLLUTIONS

SAND MINING

WA

TE

R

PO

LLUT

ION

S

OU

RC

ES

IMPACTS OF

POLLUTION

ENVIRONMENT

ECONOMY OTHERS

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS� Solid waste in rivers causes deterioration in the water

quality .

� River sand mining occur:

a. a) increasing sedimentation and water pollution

downstream

b) degradation of riverbed

c) riverbank and riparian vegetation

d) changes in hydraulic profile

RIPARIAN

VEGETATION

RIVERBED

DEGRADATIONSEDIMENTATION

ECONOMY IMPACTS� Solid waste can reduce aesthetic value especially for

recreation and tourism

� Cleaning and restoration is much more expensive than

applying measures of prevention

� Polluted water would also cause depletion of aquatic life

and subsequently create a potential loss of fisheries and

aquaculture business and recreational fishing

TOURISM RECREATIONLOSS OF

FISHERIES

OTHER IMPACTS� Water pollution can cause water borne diseases such as:

1) Arsenicosis;

2) Cholera and

3) Leptospirosisis.

� Water disruption may also happen because of pollution in

the water bodies.

WATER

DISRUPTION

WATER BORNE

DISEASE

APPROACHES

IRBM

ESTABLISHMENT OF

PLANNING &

DEVELOPMENT

UNIT

RAW WATER ABSTRACTION

LICENSING

INLAND NAVIGATION

LICENSINGWRITTEN

APPROVAL

APPROACHES

QUA-QUA

RIVER BASIN TASK

FORCE

PUBLIC AWARENESS

INTEGRATION MANAGEMENT

BETWEEN RIVER AND COASTAL

INTEGRATED ENFORCEMENT

IDENTIFY THE POLLUTION SOURCES/

COMPLAINT

IDENTIFY THE POLLUTION SOURCES/

COMPLAINT

SELANGOR RIVER POLLUTION CONTROL

TASK FORCE

MEETING

SELANGOR RIVER POLLUTION CONTROL

TASK FORCE

MEETING

SELANGOR RIVER BASIN

MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE MEETING

SELANGOR RIVER BASIN

MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE MEETING

SITE VISITSITE VISIT

THE MECHANISM OF

POLLUTION MONITORING PROGRAM

IN LUAS

THE MECHANISM OF

POLLUTION MONITORING PROGRAM

IN LUAS

PREPARING THE PROGRESS REPORT

/ MTES PAPER / BOARD

PREPARING THE PROGRESS REPORT

/ MTES PAPER / BOARD

State Government Meeting Council

(MMKN)

State Government Meeting Council

(MMKN)

INTEGRATED ACTION BY

ALL RELEVANT AGENCIES

INTEGRATED ACTION BY

ALL RELEVANT AGENCIES

State Economic Action Council

(MTES)

State Economic Action Council

(MTES)

LINKAGING AND HARMONIZING BETWEEN RIVER AND COASTAL MANAGEMENT

• Malaysian river basins and coastal zones are the most productive ecosystem in the country :

1) houses majority of the population (human & natural activities)

2) represents a unique environment – requires special attention in its

planning, development and management

• IRBM and ICM had been treated as a separate entity previously.

• Unplanned and uncoordinated development of river basin and coastal zone can lead to the

degradation of river and marine ecosystems health and this can be attributed to the

management of the land and coastal zone as a whole.

• The IRBM and the ICM are essentially deal with the integrated management of river basin

and coastal zone as a single interactive entity.

• Deals with the coordinated use and management of land and water resources and other

natural resources and activities within the river basin and coastal zone, to optimize the use of

these resources in a sustainable and productive manner.

THE ICM-IRBM PILOT DEMONSTRATION SITE :

• ICM Port Klang (joint program by PEMSEA-

IMO-UNDP-GEF/Selangor State Government) –

was selected for this study.

• Integrating the IRBM-ICM project boundary

resulted in an expanded boundary that covers

boundaries of IRBM of two major adjoining

upstream rivers, namely the Klang and Langat

Rivers.

• Klang River (area=1300 km2) passes through

Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley whilst Langat

River (area=2400km2) drains the Langat Basin

and both river estuaries meet at the coastal

waters of ICM Port Klang.

THE INTEGRATION AND HARMONIZATION:

• The principle of integration and harmonization involves :

Establishing smart partnership Creating ‘win-win’ situation

Build shared objectives Resolving conflict by negotiation

Mediation and arbitration

Cont..

• The process requires synergy amongst different sectors (government, private, NGOs, civil

society etc), different government agencies (local authorities, land administrators, fisheries,

tourism, shipping, agriculture, etc), and different levels of government (Federal, State and

Local).

• Linkages also had to be established between:

LAND SEA POLICY SCIENCE

PRESENT

GENERATIONS

FUTURE

GENERATIONS

Cont..

• The urgent transitional step is to harmonize economic development

with sustainable environmental management that includes uniting the

diverse multi-sectoral and multi-disciplinary set-ups; protection of the

environment, public safety and biodiversity; sustainable use of

resources and minimization of resource-use conflicts.

• Integration between the IRBM and ICM embodies all the above

principles.

• Harmonized legislative and institutional developments, funding

sources and mechanisms have been recognized as the basic requisite

tools for successful IRBM-ICM in the Malaysian context.

Example of linkaging and harmonizing between river and coastal in Selangor State:

INLAND NAVIGATION FROM ESTUARIES UP

TO 40 KM TO THE UPSTREAMS

JETTIES OPERATIONS IN LANGAT RIVER

THESE ACTIVITIES NEED AN INTEGRATION MANAGEMENT BETWEEN DIFFERENT

GOVERNMENT AGENCIES INCLUDING SELANGOR WATERS MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY

(SWMA)

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

�� Pollution can be reduced with Pollution can be reduced with SupportedSupported

and and coordinatedcoordinated through;through;

�� OrganisationOrganisation setupsetup

�� Legal aspectLegal aspect

�� Political commitmentPolitical commitment

�� Technical competenceTechnical competence