Part A: Atomic Structure

Part A: Atomic Structure

+

-

Protons

Neutrons

Electrons

5. What element is represented by the diagram? ____________

Boron

Glass Manufacturing Soaps

CeramicsFlare Guns

Fiberglass

Part B: Atomic Calculations

6. Label the information provided in the periodic table.

8

OOxygen

15.999

Atomic Number

SymbolName

Atomic Mass

7.What does the atomic number represent?

Protons

Electrons

What does the atomic mass represent?

Protons

Neutrons +

Atomic Mass

9. How would you figure the number of protons or electrons in an atom?

USE THE ATOMIC NUMBER

8 Atomic Number

10. How would you figure the number of neutrons in an atom?

SUBTRACT THE ATOMIC NUMBER FROM THE ATOMIC MASS

8 Atomic Number

Atomic Mass 15.999

11. Use your knowledge of atomic calculations to complete the chart.

Element Atomic Number

Atomic massProtons + Neutrons

P r o t o n sA t o m i c N u m b e r

NeutronsAtomic Mass – Atomic #

ElectronsAtomic Number

Li 3 7

P 15 31

Cl 35 17

Ni 28 31

K 39 19

Ag 47 61

H 1 1

Si 14 14

W 74 110

Ne 10 10

3 3415 1516

17 1718

28285919 19 20

47 47108

1 0 1

14 1428

74 7418410 1020

Part C: Electron Configuration

12. How many electrons can each level hold?

1st = 2nd = 3rd =

2 8 18

13. What term is used for the electrons in the outermost shell or energy level?

VALENCE

Scientists use two types of diagrams to show the electron configuration for atoms.

Bohr Diagram Lewis Structure

Sulfur • Atomic # = 16 • Atomic Mass = 32 • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electron =

Bohr Diagram Shows all electrons

16

1616

Sulfur Atomic # = 16 Atomic Mass = 32 Protons = 16 Neutrons = 16 Electron = 16

Lewis Structure Shows valence electrons

S

Li

• Atomic Number 3• Mass Number 7• Number of Protons• Number of Neutrons• Number of Electrons

3

34

Li

Ne

• Atomic Number 10• Mass Number 20• Number of Protons• Number of Neutrons• Number of Electrons

10

1010

Ne

Mg

• Atomic Number 12• Mass Number 24• Number of Protons• Number of Neutrons• Number of Electrons

12

1212

Mg

Cl

• Atomic Number 17• Mass Number 35• Number of Protons• Number of Neutrons• Number of Electrons

17

1718

Cl

He

• Atomic Number 2• Mass Number 4• Number of Protons• Number of Neutrons• Number of Electrons

2

22

He

Si

• Atomic Number 14• Mass Number 28• Number of Protons• Number of Neutrons• Number of Electrons

14

1414

Si

(1) Which elements had a filled outermost shell?

(2) Which element would be most likely to lose electrons in a chemical bond?

(3) Which element would be most likely to gain electrons in a chemical bond?

(4) Which elements are not likely to bond with other elements? Why?

He & Ne

Li (Only has 1 valence electron)

Cl (Only needs 1 more electron to fill its outer shell)

He & Ne They have full outer shells.

Build an Atom