View
232
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
1/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
M PHNG OSPF TRONG OPNET
I- Tng quan
Trong bi m phng chng ta s nghin cu giao thc nh tuyn OSPF. Mc ch
l xy dng mt mng v cu hnh n vi tt c cc tham s cho nh tuyn OSPF. Sdng mng ny phn tch giao thc nh tuyn OSPF. Giao thc OSPF l mt giaothc ni min (IGP) c s dng trong cc mng IP. L mt giao thc nh tuyn linkstate, OSPF chng li s thay i topo mng mnh hn giao thc nh tuyn distancevector nh RIP, IGRP, v EIGRP. OSPF c th c s dng cho cc mng ln bao gmhng trm hoc hng nghn router.
OSPF s dng thut ton Dijkstra tm ng ngn nht ti ch. Thut ton tnhton ng ngn nht ti mi ch da trn vic cng dn cost ti ch . Cng dn cost
l mt chc nng tnh cost ca cc giao din khc nhau cn i ti ch. Cost haymetric ca giao din trong OSPF l mt ch s mo u c yu cu gi gi tin quagiao din. Cost ca mt giao din c tnh ton da trn bng thng t l nghch vi
bng thng ca giao din c th (bng thng ln hn th cost nh hn). V d, cost cang T1 l cao hn cost ca ng Ethernet 100Mbit bi v c mo u phc tp hn.
c trng ca OSPF
Da trn link state
Chy trc tip trn IP Giao thc bin hoc ni min
Nhiu ng n ch => cn bng ti
Thuc tnh ng link da trn cost => cost c gn tnh
II- Thc hin m phng
II.1- Thit lp mng
1. Khi ng OPNET v to mt project mi. File => New ... v chnProject
2. Tn project _OSPF v scenario NoAreas. Nhn OK
3. La chn Create empty scenario v nhn Next
1
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
2/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
4. La chn Office v nhn Next
5. t X Span l 200 v Y Span l 200. Nhn Next
6. Khng chn bt k mt cng ngh no v nhn Next
7. Duyt li cc gi tr v nhn OK
8. MObject palette v chn routers
Hnh 1
9. Nhn OK
10.Ly 10 routerslip8_gtway t vo khng gian lm vic
11.Chn internet_toolbox trong Object palette
2
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
3/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
12.Kt ni cc router s dng lin kt PPP_DS3
13.Thay i tn cc router bng cch nhn chut phi vo mi router ri chnSet Name trong thanh thc n
II.2- Thit lp giao thc nh tuyn
1. Trn thanh thc n chn Protocols => IP => Routing => ConfigureRouting Protocol...
2. Mc nh l RIP. Chn OSPF v All interfaces
3
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
4/15
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
5/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
Information (...). Gi tr mc nh l Auto Calculate c th thay i bngbt k gi tr nguyn no .
5
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
6/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
B. Chung cho tt c cc interface: trn thanh thc n chn Protocols =>OSPF => Configure Interface Cost. La chn mt trong hai ty chn cuhnh cost sau:
B1) Reference Bandwidth s c thit lp cho tt c cc router.
Tt c cc interface s c t trng thi t ng tnh cost AutoCalculate.
B2) Tt c cc interface s c thit lp vi gi trn cost xc nh(b qua ty chn ny)
Trong bi m phng ny chng ta s s dng bng thng khc nhau trn cc linkt to gi tr cost khc nhau.
1. La chn cc lin kt sau:
Router A Router B
Router B Router D
Router D Router C
Router C Router A
Router B Router C
6
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
7/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
2. Chn Protocols => IP => Routing => Configure Interface MetricInfomation.
3. To gi tr Bandwidth l 5000 kbps. Chn Interfaces across selectedlinks. Nhn OK.
4. La chn cc lin kt sau:
Router B Router E
Router E Router G
Router I Router F
Router F Router D
Router E Router F
5. Chn Protocols => IP => Routing => Configure Interface MetricInfomation.
6. To gi tr Bandwidth l 20000 kbps. Chn Interfaces across selectedlinks. Nhn OK.
7. La chn cc lin kt sau:Router G Router H
Router H Router J
Router J Router I
7
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
8/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
Router I Router G
Router G Router J
8. To gi tr Bandwidth l 10000 kbps. Chn Interfaces across selected
links. Nhn OK.9. Save the project.
II.5- Thit lp lu lng
1. La chn Router B v Router D
2. Trn thanh thc n mTraffic => Create Traffic Flows => IP unicast.Chn To all other nodes from Router B. Nhn Create
3. La chn Router C v Router J
8
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
9/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
4. Trn thanh thc n mTraffic => Create Traffic Flows => IP unicast.Chn To all other nodes from Router B. Nhn Create
II.6- Thit lp m phng
1. MConfigure Discrete Event Simulation2. t Duration l 10 pht
3. Nhn OK
4. Save the project
II.7- Bn sao kch bn
Trong kch bn va c thit lp tt c cc router u cng mt cp, mt vng.
Khng thc hin cn bng ti cho bt c router no. Hai kch bn mi s c to thchin phn vng v cn bng ti.
Kch bn Areas (phn vng)
Cu hnh thm vo chnh trong OSPF l min nh tuyn OSPF c th c tchthnh cc phn nh hn gi l Areas. Vic ny lm gim b nh v ti tnh ton trnrouter. Mi area c nh s v lun lun l min 0, l min backbone. Tt c ccmin khc gn vi backbone trc tip hoc qua lin kt o. x l ti u th mt ming
bao gm khng nhiu hn 50 n 100 router. Mt router kt ni ti nhiu hn mt area
c gi l Area Border Router (ABR).
1. Chn Scenarios => Duplicate scenario...
2. Scenario name: Areas
3. La chn cc lin kt:
Router A Router B
Router B Router D
Router D Router C
Router C Router A
Router B Router C
4. MOSPF Area Configuration. Protocol => OSPF => Configure Areas
9
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
10/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
5. To gi tr 1 cho Area Identifier
6. Nhn OK
7. La chn cc lin kt:
Router B Router E
Router E Router G
Router I Router F
Router B Router C
Router F Router D
Router E Router F
8. MOSPF Area Configuration. Protocol => OSPF => Configure Areas
9. To gi tr 0 cho Area Identifier
10.Nhn OK
11.La chn cc lin kt:
Router G Router H
Router H Router J
Router J Router I
Router I Router G
Router G Router J
12.MOSPF Area Configuration. Protocol => OSPF => Configure Areas
13.To gi tr 2 cho Area Identifier
14.Nhn OK
Kch bn cn bng ti
1. Tr li kch bn NoAreas.
2. Chn Scenario => Duplicate scenario...
10
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
11/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
3. t tn kch bn Balanced
4. La chn Router C v Router J
5. MProtocols => IP => Routing => Configure Load Balancing Option
6. Chn Packet based
7. La chn Selected Routers
8. Nhn OK.
9. Save the project
Qun l li: (Th hin biu tng nh hnh di)
Vi hnh ch X chn cho nhng tuyn ng hoc node, thit b mchng ta gi s b hng t xem xt ng i mi cho gi tin ra sao.
Vi ch V xanh chn li cho tuyn, router, thit b hng thnh c sat xem xt li qu trnh trao i thng tin
Cch hin th kt qu
A- Hin bng nh tuyn
1. Trc khi chy chng trnh cn la chn export routing table. Protocols=> IP => Routing => Export Routing Table
11
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
12/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
2. Chn router cn hin th kt qu, nhn chut phi chn View Results
3. Trong View Results chn th Discrete Event Tables. Chn OfficeNetwork router => Performance => IP Forwarding Table at End ofSimulation
B- Kt qu tm ng trong trng cc trng hp:
Trong kch bn NoAreas:
1. Chuyn n kch bn NoAreas chn Scenarios/ Switch to Sceanario/NoAreas.
2. Hin th tuyn ng i t Router B n Router D. u tin tch chn
Router B v D sau Create mt lung Unicast t B n D ri cho chy li. Tip theo,chn Protocols/ IP/ Demands/ Display Routers for Configured Demands/ show allrouter kt qu thu c nh hnh sau:
12
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
13/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
Tng t t C n J ta c:
13
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
14/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
Trong kch bn Areas chn cng Router B v Router D th ta thu c hnh nhnh sau: (cc bc cng tng t nh trn):
Trng hp kch bn Balanced
Trng hp t Router C n Router J th kt qu thu c s nh hnh di v v 2con ng c gi tr nh nhau nn n hin th nh trong hnh v:
14
8/8/2019 Ospf Linh Hai
15/15
Trng Thanh Hi-Nguyn Tun Linh D05VT1
15
Recommended