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OHSAS 18001 - Occupational health and safety management
system
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What is OSHAS 18001?What is OSHAS 18001?
• Originally developed in early 1990’s as BS8800
• Revised in 1999 by BSI to be more compatible with ISO 14001
• Framework for an effective OH&S-MS • 17 elements designed in parallel to ISO
14001• Allows third-party certification/registration
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What OSHAS is What OSHAS is notnot
• An international standard like ISO 9001or ISO 14001
• Not prescriptive –no absolute requirements; very similar to ISO 14001
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OSHAS BasicsOSHAS Basics
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OH&S PolicyOH&S Policy• Clearly states overall OH&S objectives• Authorised by top management• Appropriate to nature & scale of OH&S risks• Documented, implemented, and maintained• Communicated to all employees• Available to interested parties• Reviewed periodically
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OH&S Policy OH&S Policy CommitmentsCommitments
• Improve health & safety performance*• Continual improvement• “at least” comply with current applicable • OH&S legislation and other requirements
* Performance: measurable results of the OH&S management system, related to the organization’s control of health and safety risks, based on its OH&S policy and objectives.
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OH&S PlanningOH&S Planning
• Hazard identification, risk assessment, and risk control
• Legal and other requirements• Objectives• OH&S management program(s)
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Hazard Identification, Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Risk Assessment & Risk ControlControl
• Conceptually similar to environmental aspects and impacts –target of management program(s)
• Much more detailed than 14001 approach• Assessment must address:
– routine and non-routine activities– all personnel, including contractors and visitors– facilities at the workplace, whether provided by
the organization or by others
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Hazard Identification, Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Risk Assessment & Risk ControlControl
• Methodology must be proactive– in advance of process/equipment changes– allow engineering of hazard controls during
design– implementation of controls as change occurs
• Success requires strong Management of Change (MOC) procedure
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Hazard Identification, Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Risk Assessment & Risk ControlControl
• Process overview– identification of hazards– evaluation of risks under current controls– evaluation of the tolerability of residual risk– identification of needed additional controls
• People are involved– significant risks must be controlled– individual behaviour is a significant factor
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OH&S PlanningOH&S Planning
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Implementation & Implementation & OperationOperation
• Structure and responsibilities• Training awareness and competence• Consultation and communication• Documentation• Document and data control• Operational control• Emergency preparedness and response
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Structure & Structure & ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
• Documented roles, responsibilities, authorities, and accountability
• Management appointee responsible for implementation
• Resources• Managers must demonstrate commitment
to continual improvement
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Training, Awareness & Training, Awareness & CompetenceCompetence
• Ensure employee awareness and competence
• Take into account differing levels of:– Responsibility– Ability– Literacy– Risk
• Much of required training driven by regulation
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Consultation & Consultation & CommunicationCommunication
• More internally focused than ISO 14001• Employee involvement and consultation
– in development/review of policies and procedures
– about changes that affect workplace safety or health
– ensuring representation in OH&S matters• Buy-in, ownership, motivation• Insights of shop floor perspective
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Documentation & DataDocumentation & Data
• Documentation of core elements– aids employee awareness– shows how the various system relate– extremely valuable during certification
process• Document and data control procedures
– critical documents are available – obsolete documents and data are removed
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Operational ControlOperational Control
• Identify operations and activities where risk requires further control
• Plan these to ensure that– documented procedures are developed– operating criteria specify key steps and
requirements– procedures addressing risks related to contractor
goods and services– establish design procedures to reduce/eliminate
source of risks
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Operational ControlOperational Control
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Emergency Preparedness Emergency Preparedness & Response& Response
• Emergency response procedures to address – identifying potential for incidents and
emergencies– preventing and mitigating resultant illnesses
and injuries– responding to incidents and emergencies
when they occur.
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Emergency Preparedness Emergency Preparedness & Response& Response
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Checking & Corrective Checking & Corrective ActionAction
• Performance measurement and monitoring
• Accidents, incidents, non-conformances and corrective and preventive action
• Records and records management• OH&S management system audit
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Performance Performance Measurement & Measurement & MonitoringMonitoring
• Monitoring the achievement of objectives• Quantitative and qualitative measures• Proactive and reactive methods• Records to facilitate corrective and
preventive actions• Calibration of monitoring equipment
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Quantitative & QualitativeQuantitative & Qualitative
• Direct Quantitative Measures– number of lost work days following an injury– decibel levels of noise in a work area
• Indirect Qualitative Measures– review of inspection logs– observation of a task– interviews
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Proactive & Reactive Proactive & Reactive MeasuresMeasures
• Proactive monitoring of compliance– routine basis, independent of any event– monitoring may be required by regulations
• daily equipment checks• periodic review of hot-work permits
• Reactive monitoring of accidents or incidents– in response to an event or trigger
• accident investigation• monitoring in response to a complaint
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Accident, Incidents, Non-conformances & Corrective and Preventive Action
• Handle, investigate, mitigate– Accidents– Incidents– non-conformances
• Corrective and preventive actions• Review action plans through risk
assessment process
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Accident, Incidents & Non-conformances
• Handle = immediate action– Notification– emergency response– recordkeeping to facilitate investigation
• Investigation process– team and procedures– root cause analysis
• People are involved – human elements
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Corrective and Preventive Action
• Correct immediate problem• Mitigate consequences• Eliminate or control root cause• Prevent recurrence• Review action plans through risk
assessment process• Communicate results and monitor
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Records & Record Management
• Identification, maintenance, and disposition • Records must be:
– Legible– Identifiable– traceable to the activities involved– easily retrievable– protected from damage, deterioration, or loss– held for specified and documented retention
times
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OH&S Management System Audit
• Determine if OH&S-MS:– conforms with planned arrangements– is properly implemented and maintained– is effective in meeting policy and objectives
• Results provided to top management• Audit program and schedule reflect risks
and previous audit results
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Management Review
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OHSAS 18001 - Occupational health
and safety management system
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