ORAL TISSUES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE Dr.Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi DNT 243 ORAL PATHOLOGY

ORAL TISSUES IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

Dr.Shahzadi Tayyaba Hashmi

DNT 243ORAL PATHOLOGY

ORAL TISSUES

Intra oral Tissues

Extra oral Tissues

TYPES OF INTRA ORAL TISSUES

INTRA ORAL HARD TISSUES• Teeth• Jaws (maxilla and mandible)• Hard Palate

INTRA ORAL SOFT TISSUES• Gingiva• Tongue• Lips• Buccal mucosa• Labial mucosa• Soft palate• Floor of the mouth• pharynx

EXTRA ORAL TISSUES

•TM joint•Lymph nodes•Head and face•Eyes•Ears•Bones and cartilage•Nose•Blood vessels•Face

HEALTHY ORAL TISSUES

Healthy Oral Cavity Healthy Gingiva (normal pink colour)

UNHEALTHY ORAL TISSUES

Unhealthy /inflamed gingiva(Swollen ,bleeding on probing , red in colour)

Macroglossia(Large tongue)

Supernumerary Teeth(Additional teeth)

TEETH

•Most important Intra oral hard tissue

•Consists of oEnameloDentine oPulp

Requirements for Development of an Ideal Dentition

•Formation of a full complement of teeth.•Normal structural development of the

dental tissues•Eruption of each group of teeth at the

appropriate time into an adequate space•Normal development of jaw size and

relationship•Eruption of teeth into correct relationship

to occlude with their opposite numbers

Disorders of Development of Teeth

1. Abnormalities in Number:oAnodontia or hypodontiaoAdditional teeth (hyperdontia)

2. Defects of Structure:oEnamel defectsoDentine defects

3. Abnormalities in Size:oMicrodontia oMacrodontia

Disorders of Development of Teeth

4. Disorders of Eruption:o Delayed eruptiono Premature eruptiono Impacted teeth

5. Abnormalities in Shape:• Dilaceration• Taurodontism• Dens Invaginatus• Dens Evaginatus• Talon cusp• Supernumerary roots• Gemination• Fusion• Concrescence• Enamel pearls

Abnormalities In Number Of Teeth

1. Anodontia (missing teeth):

a) Total Anodontia: Congenital absence of all teeth is known as total anodontia.Total failure of development of a complete dentition is rare.

b)Partial Anodontia: Congenital absence of one or more teeth is known as

partial anodontia

Examples:• Third molars• Second premolars• Maxillary lateral incisors

Abnormalities In Number of Teeth

2. HYPERDONTIA (ADDITIONAL TEETH):• Additional teeth are relatively common• They are usually of conical shape (supernumerary teeth) but, less

frequently resemble teeth of normal series (supplemental teeth)• These are the results of excessive growth of dental lamina of unknown

cause• supernumerary teeth may prevent the eruption of the a permanent

teeth & also may cause displacement or malposition of teeth

EXAMPLES:• Mesiodens (between maxillary central incisors)• Paramolars (maxillary fourth molars)• Distomolar• Neonatal teeth

EXAMPLES OF SUPERNUMERARY TEETH

Mesiodens Mesiodens

ESSENTIAL REFERENCES

•Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist (5th Edition) By Olga A. C. Ibsen, RDH, MS and Joan

•Contemporary for oral and maxillofacial pathology by J.Phillip Sapp, Lewis Roy Eversole

THANK YOU