Network Fundamentals. Network Devices Routers (Layer 3)

Network Fundamentals

Network Fundamentals

Network Fundamentals

Network Fundamentals

Network Fundamentals

Network Devices

Routers (Layer 3)

Network Devices

Switches (Layer 2, Layer 4-7)

Routers (Layer 3)

Network Devices

Firewalls

Switches (Layer 2, Layer 4-7)

Routers (Layer 3)

Network Devices

DSL ModemCable ModemWireless ModemSatellite Modem

Firewalls

Switches (Layer 2, Layer 4-7)

Routers (Layer 3)

Circuits

• Ethernet • LSS• DSL• SONET• T1

- P:P- Frame Relay

Node Addressing• Every device on the Internet has a unique IP Address

• IPv4 IP Addresses• 4.3 Trillion Addresses (232)• 123.123.123.123 dotted decimal notation

• IPv6 IP Addresses• Lots of addresses (2128)• 21ED: 201A: C400: 8AF2: 01CC: 2000: 1A1E: 5722

• Subnet Mask determines network portion of address and host portion of address

• Public Address Space versus Private Address Space

OSI Protocol Stack

OSI Protocol Stack

• Add header information to packet as it leaves a device.

• Strip header information as a packet is received.

Network Protocols• Routing

• IGP (EIGRP, RIP, IS-IS, OSPF … )• EGP (BGP)

• ICMP – Ping

• 802.1Q – Layer 2 Trunking

• 802. 1x – Network Access Control

• QoS – Quality of Service• Traffic Prioritization• DSCP Value Affects Queuing

Network Protocols• DNS

• ARP

• MPLS (Layer 2 ½)• Virtualizes the network (VRFs)• Enables network security• Pseudo-wire• Jumbo frames

Routing In Action

Routing In Action

Security

• Network Security

• Data Security

Data Security• Use Strong Passwords

• Drive Encryption 1101001011000101

• Browsing behavior• Browser Security Settings• Suspicious or unsolicited email with attachments or links

• Virus Protection

• Application Layer Encryption (SSL, HTTPS, traditional apps)

(continued …)

Data Security

• VPN Session• Client• Site to Site

• Direct Connection to businesses

Network Security

• ACLs on network gear

• Network Access Control (802.1x)

• Firewalls

• IDS / IPS

• MPLS

• VPN Concentrators

(Continued … )

Network Security

• Content Filters

• Rate limiting / shaping appliance

• NAT / PAT addressing

•ACS server

Consolidation

(Continued … )

Consolidation

(Continued … )

Consolidation

Network Convergence

What is Unified Communications (UC)?

Network Convergence

UC is the integration of real-time communications services (chat, presence information, telephony, video) with non-real-time communications services (voicemail, email, SMS, fax) - Wikipedia

What is Unified Communications (UC)?

Network Convergence

• Integrated network that carries voice, video, and data

• Where is the State of Utah headed?

• Converting ISDN video to IP video, removing a parallel network

• VoIP trial in production (Continued … )

Network Convergence• Where is the State of Utah headed? (cont …)

• VoIP / UC RFP in late October• Trunking reduced• Network bandwidth requirements rise • Elimination of intrastate long distance

• Concerns: • Bandwidth• Quality of service• Network delay• Jitter• Latency

Virtualization

• Network• MPLS – Virtual Route Contexts• Frame Relay – DLCIs• ATM – VCs • Ethernet – EVCs

• Servers• VMware on blade chassis

• Desktops• VHDs – Virtual Hosted Desktop on server• Stream OS and / or apps to PC• Network Versus Server Versus Desktop Intensive

Data Center Consolidation

Wi - Fi

• 802.11 Access Points• “Open” Guest Network• Secure, Encrypted Sessions

Wi - Fi

• 802.11 Bridge Mode

Operations• Data Network Operations Personnel

• Monitor Data Network• Resolve Outages• Configure Network Services

• Voice Network Operations Personnel• Monitor Voice Network• Resolve Outages• MACs

Wouldn’t it be nice to consolidate these two groups into a single point of contact?

Telecommuting

Telecommuting

Telecommuting

Industry Trends

Cloud Computing / SaaS

Consolidation / Virtualization

Review

Review

Review

Thank you

Questions? …