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Nervous System: Reflexes & Brain Lobes
(1) Reflex Arc• Reflex = Involuntary Movements to Stimuli
– Always happens same way– Always triggered same way– “Arc” = Predictable path message is sent
• Types of Reflexes:– Autonomic– Somatic
(2) Reflex Arc Pathway
1. Receptor notices stimulus
2. Organ is stimulated
3. Sensory Neuron
4. Motor Neuron
5. Reflex
(3) Autonomic Reflexes• Involuntary Movement of:
– Smooth Muscle (digestive)– Cardiac Muscle– Glands
• Examples:– Spit– Sweat– Increased Blood Pressure
(4) Somatic Reflexes• Involuntary Movement of Skeletal Muscle
• Examples:– Touching a Hot Stove– Knee-Jerk Reflex– Touching a Sharp Object
(5) Brain Hemispheres• Hemispheres = Different Sides of the Brain
– YOUR Right = Right Hemisphere • Controls Left side of body
– YOUR Left = Left Hemisphere• Controls Right side of body
(6) Brain Lobes• Lobes = Different Regions of Brain
• Each Region has a unique set of functions
• Functions based on which neurons are connected where
• Perpendicular to hemisphere line = Sensory & Motor Division
(7) Frontal Lobe• Speech Production (Broca’s Area)
• Concentration
• Problem Solving
• Planning
• Voluntary Muscle Control
(8) Parietal Lobe• Interpretation of speech, sounds,
surroundings
• Helps formulate words
• Skin sensations
(9) Temporal Lobe• Interpret sensations
• Visual & Auditory Memory• Hearing function• Ability to learn + connect concepts
• Includes:– Thalamus– Hypothalamus– Pituitary Gland– Limbic System
(10) Stuff In Your Temporal
(Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Limbic)
• Control Body Temperature
• Maintain fluid + ion levels
• Induce sleep
• Regulate hormone secretion
• Limbic = emotions
(11) Occipital Lobe• Vision
• Combines images to make complete picture
(12) Cerebellum• Coordinates muscle movement
• Maintains normal muscle tone
• DOES NOT MAKE MUSCLES MOVE!– Makes them move smoothly!
(13) Brain Stem• Passes info between spinal cord + brain
• Includes:– Midbrain– Pons– Medulla Oblongata
(14) Stuff in Brain Stem• Fight or Flight responses (based on past)
• Helps with vision + auditory senses
• Maintains Homeostasis:– Heartbeat– Breathing rate– Blood pressure– Respiratory + Digestive reflexes
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