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Nationalism
What caused discontent in Latin America?
The discontent was rutted in the social, racial and political system of Spanish rule. The people were inspired by the US Revolution and the defeat of Spain by Napolean
How did the nation win independence?
Revolt, fought for liberty, and independence from European colonists.
Dom Pedro
Son of King of Portugal
Became emperor of independent Brazil
Except a constitution that provided for freedom of Press, Freedom of Religion, and elections of legislators
Jose Morelos
Priest
Called for wide-ranging reforms
Led rebel forces in Mexico
Miguel Hidalgo
Priest
Ring church bells for people of Mexico to fight for “Independence and Liberty”
Jose De San Martin
Independence leader
Helped liberate Argentina and Chile from Spain
Meets up and surrenders his troops to Bolivar, peru
Simon Bolivar
“El Liberator”
He wanted Latin American Independence in Northern, South America
“Independence is the only benefit we have gained at the cost of everything else”
“America in Chaos”
Tupac Amaru
He clamed descent from Incan Kings
Demanded Spain end forces Indian labor
Led native American Revolt (crushed)
Toussaint Louverture
Led successful revolt in Haiti to eliminate slavery
Feared that France ruled Haiti would reestablish slavery
Louis Napoleon (Napoleon 3rd)
Second Republic of France
Became Emperor of France
Gave 2 decades of prosperity until defeat of France-German War
Louis Kossuth
The leading voice for Hungarian independence
Organized Hungarian revolute from Austria
When Russia crushed the revolute he fled
Land Reform
Taking land away from wealthy owner’s and giving it to the peasants
Nationalists
Groups shared common heritage
Set up there own states
Often led to intolerance of other groups
Conservatives
They favored old order of monarchy
Social hierarchy
Liberals
Wanted government based on written constitutions and separation of powers
A movement for liberty, equality, property, and elections
Creole
American born Europe descendent of Spanish Settlers
Peninsular
Member of highest class in Spain’s colonies in the Americas
Recession
Period of reduced economic activity
Autonomy
Self-rule
Universal Manhood Suffrage
Right of all adult men to vote
Ideology
System of thought and belief
Truce
Temporary peace
Mulatto
In Spain's colonies, a person who was of African and European descent
Mestizo
Any person of mixed blood between Native Americans and Europeans
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