View
248
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
1/20
My Research Proposal - Finally ItMaterialized!
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Implementation of PBS (SBA) in Malaysian ESL Classroom:Exploring the Effects on Lower Seconary School St!ents" Achie#ement
P$EPA$E% B&:
'$ A'A'I MI'A*+,-./-/01/
M$SM 2!ala 2lawang3 *ele4!3 'egeri Sem4ilan
hananiminhaj@gmail.com
P$EPA$E% 56$:ASS6CIA7E P$658 %$8 7E6 SIA' 66'
9ASS6CIA7E P$658 %$ '6$ AIA B7 ALIAS
IMPLEMENTATION OF PBS (SBA) IN MALAYSIAN ESL CLASSROOM:
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS ON LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
ACHIEVEMENT
Nur Hanan Mn!a"
MRSM #ua$a #$a%an&' $*u' N&r S+*$an
!anan+n!a",&+a$-./+
ABSTRACT
This study will investigate the effects of PBS on MRSM Kuala Klawang, Form 3, 2!" students
overall achievement in the #nglish $anguage su%&ect' This %atch is the first %atch of students
who have undergone PBS full swing %eginning 2!! when they were in their Form ! and they
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
2/20
will %e in the Form 3 ne(t year' They will also %e the first %atch sitting for the first PBSMR
e(am, the revam)ed version of the old PMR e(am, ne(t year' This study also attem)ts to loo* at
the im)lementation of PBS in the #nglish $anguage classrooms in MRSM Kuala Klawang
through the views of the students and also their #nglish teachers' Students with a range of
a%ilities will %e chosen to see if they have different )erce)tions on PBS in the #S$ classrooms
and how PBS eventually effected their achievements in the su%&ect' This study also attem)ts to
loo* at %oth students+ and teachers+ views on PBS in #nglish $anguage classrooms in order to
see if there is any mismatch %etween their e()ectations of the PBS in school' o)efully, with a
%etter understanding of students+ needs and interests, teachers can do something to hel) students
to )erform %etter in the su%&ect' -t is also ho)ed that this study can give information to teachers
into running PBS for the #nglish $anguage su%&ect effectively'
C!a01r 2
INTRODUCTION
2-3 In1r/4u.1/n 1/ Pn1a56ran Bra6a65an S5/$a! (PBS) 7 SBA
The aim of education in Malaysia has always %een to )roduce holistic individuals and
e(aminations have %een used as tools to measure students+ achievement ./esamalar, Saratha and
Soo 0hoon, 21 in isamuddin and Rohaya, 2!3' 4PSR, PMR and SPM are the main
national e(ams in our country used to assess students' owever, Malaysian education system has
long %een la%elled as %eing too e(am oriented des)ite its gallant o%&ective in )roducing holistic
individuals' Teachers were said to %e too engaged in )roducing students with good grades in
e(aminations rather than )roviding meaningful feed%ac* through assessment .Bhasah %u
Ba*ar, 23'
Therefore, in order to overcome this, the M5# .Ministry of #ducation has made a swift
move to revam) the e(isting assessment system to PBS, a more dynamic and holistic form of
assessment which integrate %oth summative and formative assessments for a su%&ect unli*e the
)revious summative assessment system 6which only tested students on what they have learned in
a certain )eriod of time7 .isamuddin and Rohaya, 2!3' s mentioned %y Blac* and 8iliam
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
3/20
.!99: in their %oo*, governments all over the world have %een more and more enthusiastic in
ma*ing necessary changes to their country+s educational system and ma*ing this aim an
im)ortant national )riority in order to elevate the standards of learning that can %e achieved
through schooling'
This shift is ho)ed to increase the ;uality of teaching and learning )rocess in schools
es)ecially in the #nglish $anguage classrooms' The Schoolear ! )rimary school students and in 2!2 for the Form 5ne secondary school
students' #(tensive researchers have %een made on the hows, whys, concerns and readiness of
teachers and students %efore the im)lementation of PBS in schools %ut very little on the im)acts
or issues )ertaining to its im)lementation so far es)ecially on its effects on students achievement'
Thus, this e()loratory study will focus on the effects of PBS on students+ achievement,
)articularly in the #nglish $anguage su%&ect since its official im)lementation in 2!! .for
secondary schools' This study will also investigate the teachers and students )ers)ectives on
PBS im)lementation in #S$ classrooms' -t is im)erative to fathom how this change in
assessment )ractices and )rocedures have im)roved the teaching and learning )rocess of the
#nglish $anguage su%&ect .Shanusi, 2!3'
2-2 Ba.5&r/un4 /8 1! S1u49
-n relation to the much hy)ed issue a%out the declining standards of #nglish $anguage
standard amongst students in Malaysia, the im)lementation of PBS in schools can %e seen as an
incentive made %y the government to overcome the matter' PBS was im)lemented as a new
form of assessing secondary school students %eginning 2!2 for the Form ! %atches for all
su%&ects' The im)lementation is ho)ed to )roduce more holistic individuals who are )hysically,
emotionally, s)iritually, intellectually and socially .?#R-S %alanced as as)ired in the /ational
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
4/20
#ducation Philoso)hy' 5ur current education system is la%elled as %eing too e(am oriented and
thus the need for school
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
5/20
overall self
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
6/20
im)lementation 2 years ago' Therefore, in the )resent study the following research ;uestions are
addressed
i' 8hat are MRSM Kuala Klawang+s students+ )ers)ectives towards the im)lementation of PBS
in their #S$ classrooms@
ii' 8hat are the teachers+ o)inions and challenges faced over the im)lementation of the current
PBS system in their #S$ classrooms@
iii' 8hat are the effects of the PBS system towards students+ overall achievement in the #nglish
$anguage su%&ect@
2-? O0ra1/na$ D8n1/n6
2-?-2 A6666+n1
Linn and Gronlund (2000) asserted that assessent is a eneral ter that includes the "ull rane o"
procedures used to ain in"oration a#out student learnin (o#ser$ations% ratins o" per"orances
or pro&ects% paper-and-pencil tests) and the "oration o" $alue &udent concernin learnin
proress' o*e$er% in the educational conte+t% the ter assessent'% can con$ersely #e used *ith
e$aluation'% educational easureent'% testin' and e+aination' (,ar% 200 in .useela and
.i% 20/0) In this study% assessent *ill re"er to the ne*ly ipleented P. syste% a holistic
approach to*ards school assessent in Malaysia1.5.2 School-based Assessment (SBA)
1zlin et al (20/) stated that .1 is an alternati$e approach to*ards e$aluatin students3 acadeic
de$elopent .aliah (20/) "urther descri#ed .1 as a "orati$e assessent to e$aluate students3
achie$eent holistically% ta4in into account #oth the acadeic and non-acadeic "ields 1ccordin
to ro*n (200/) as cited in 1zlin et al (20/)% .1 pro$ide teachers the con$enient echanis to
constantly onitor their students and to i$e constructi$e responses to #etter students3 learnin
copetence In this study% the ter .1 and P. *ill #e used interchanea#ly
2-?-; S1u4n16 Pr.01/n
ccording to the 5(ford dictionary, )erce)tion refers to how something is regarded, understood,
or inter)reted' -n this study, students+ )erce)tion will refer to the views of the 2 Form 3, 2!"
MRSM Kuala Klawang students' Their insights on the im)lementation of PBS in their #S$
classrooms will %e elicited' Students+ )erce)tion may %e the evidence of whether PBS .SB has
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
7/20
raises the standards of their learning or not' Besides students+ )erce)tion, the #nglish teachers+
)erce)tion of PBS im)lementation in their classrooms will also %e identified'
2-?-= I+0$+n1a1/n
-n this study, im)lementation will refer to the im)lementation of PBS in Malaysian school
classrooms in general and the #S$ classrooms in )articular' The im)lementation of this new
assessment system in evaluating students is seen timely as the traditional system of assessment
no longer satisfies the educational and social needs .Ministry of #ducation' The feed%ac*, either
from the students or the teachers on the im)lementation of PBS over the )ast two years, %e it
)ositive or negative, are crucial in order to evaluate the effectiveness of it'
2-?-? PBS
Penta*siran Berasas*an Se*olah .PBS is school
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
8/20
This is a small scale )reliminary ;ualitative study in identifying the effects of the
im)lementation of PBS in the #nglish $anguage classrooms on students overall achievement in
the su%&ect' The limitation of this research is that the sam)le will %e narrowed to re)resents only
the )o)ulation of 2 MRSM Kuala Klawang, ?ele%u, Form 3, 2!", students' Therefore, due to
the small sam)le siCe, findings in this research might not %e generaliCa%le to re)resent all
students in Malaysia' Results in this study can only %e used as an em)irical finding for a %roader
research to %e done'
2- S&n8.an. /8 1! S1u49
fter much literature on the readiness, concerns and )erce)tions of teachers and school
administrators on the im)lementation of PBS in schools, this study is im)ortant as to e()lore the
effects of PBS on the students+ achievement es)ecially in the #nglish $anguage su%&ect' -t is also
im)ortant to elicit their o)inions and views of the new system' This is %ecause, students, %eing at
the receiving end are the main grou) that will %e directly affected )ositively or negatively with
the im)lementation of PBS'
The findings from this study would %enefit various )arties such as the school, teachersand also the )olicyma*ers in hel)ing them to evaluate the effectiveness of the system' The
findings can %e used for the %etterment of the system in the near future as PBS in here to stay'
2- C/n.$u6/n
-n conclusion, this cha)ter has introduce the sco)e of this e()loratory study which is to
e()lore the effects of PBS .SB im)lementation in Malaysian #S$ classroom towards the
achievement of MRSM Kuala Klawang Form 3, 2!" students in the #nglish $anguage su%&ect'
Their o)inions on the im)lementation of the new system are also im)ortant to note' -t is
im)ortant to e(amine the effects of this new assessment system towards students+ achievement in
the #nglish $anguage su%&ect' Thus, this cha)ter has outlined the need for conducting this study,
the o%&ective, the )ur)ose, the significance and also the limitation and delimitation'
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
9/20
C!a01r
LITERATURE REVIEW
-3 In1r/4u.1/n
The education system in Malaysia has long %een la%elled as too e(am oriented and focus
mostly on academic e(cellence' Thus, as )art of the #ducation Transformation Programme
.Pelan -ndu* Pem%angunan Pendidi*an, the government has made a %old move %y revam)ing
the current system with school
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
10/20
involved with it, the teachers' Dou%ts still linger over the effectiveness of PBS, an alternative
over the e(am oriented schooling system' Parents and students are also noted as %eing very
s*e)tical with this attem)t at reforming the )resent education system after %eing too e(am
oriented for more than 1 years' There is a ris* that this shift might fail %ut in order to develo)
more Malaysian human ca)ital of a higher ;uality, this move is deemed necessary .FaiCah,
2!!' PBS is develo)ed to assess each child holistically and will ta*e into account their overall
well
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
11/20
students to lose the goal of studying hard %ecause they are not re;uired to sit for e(aminations'
s they no longer face e(amination )ressure, students have lost the driving force to study and
their enthusiasm in learning have also declined' Students ended u) feeling %ored, thus this
affects their academic achievements in school' This study attem)ts to e()lore the validity of this
issue %y loo*ing at how students+ achievement were affected %y the new PBS system )articularly
in the #S$ classrooms'
-2 REVIEW /8 RELATED LITERATURE
WHY DO WE NEED 1/ CHANGE ADVANTAGES /8 PBS (SBA)
Some of the %enefits of PBS are as follows
-2-2 E+0/%rn& Ta.!r6
ccording to Brown .2! as cited in Clin et al' .2!3, SB )rovide teachers the convenient
mechanism to constantly monitor their students and to give constructive res)onses to %etter
students+ learning com)etence' Thus, teachers will )ossess more authority to design ;uality
assessments using various methods %ased on their students+ a%ilities and readiness of the su%&ect
area and im)roving their teaching strategies simultaneously .Clin et al' 2!3' 4nder the PBS,
teachers will develo) their own instruments I administer the assessment during TG$ I mar*
students answers I re)ort their )rogress and ma*e necessary interventions at their own discretion
%ased on their students+ readiness'
-2- E$+na1 S1r66 fromS1u4n16
8ith PBS, e(am
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
12/20
activities' This move is )art of Malaysian #ducational Transformation in ho)e to e()and
students+ )otential in )roducing glo%al leaders' PBS+s o%&ective will %e in line with the notion of
6/o child is to %e left %ehind7 as the )riority will %e on the total develo)ment of the students'
-2-= R4u.6 A.a4+. C/+011/n
The )revious mar*
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
13/20
!' To enhance the meaningfulness of assessment where the focus is more on )u)ils+ develo)ment
and growth in learning rather than merely on their scores and grades'
2' To reduce the over
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
14/20
to closely monitor and identify students+ strengths and wea*nesses as teaching and learning
)rocess )rogresses' Teachers can ada)t and ado)t any teaching methods or materials to suit their
students+ needs'
owever, the im)lementation )rocess .through teachers+ )ers)ectives and the effects of
this new system on students overall achievement in the #nglish $anguage su%&ect in )articular
need to %e investigated and e(amined, either with a )ositive or negative outcomes' o)efully,
this study will )rovide a dee)er insights on PBS im)lementations thus hel)ing in refining the
im)lementation of PBS' -t is essential to identify what the students are going through and its
effects on them in ho)e that it will %enefit the teachers es)ecially in understanding their students
%etter in the future'
C!a01r ;
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
;-2 R6ar.! D6&n
This study em)loyed a descri)tive research which will allow a com%ination of ;ualitative and
;uantitative a))roaches' The study will %e carried out for a duration of one semester' ll 2
Form 3, 2!" students and #nglish teachers of MRSM Kuala Klawang will %e involved'
;-- P/0u$a1/n an4 Sa+0$
total of 2 Form 3, 2!" students and #nglish teachers of MRSM Kuala Klawang will %e
involved in this study' These students are the first %atch of students who are fully involved with
the new PBS system' -n the year 2!", they will %e in Form 3, which mar*s the third year ofim)lementation for PBS for secondary schools in Malaysia' -n 2!" also, they will %e sitting for
the first newly im)roved PMR e(am which is the PBSMR e(am' Thus, it is im)erative to e()lore
the effects of PBS to their achievement in the #nglish $anguage su%&ect, in )articular'
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
15/20
Meanwhile, the #nglish teachers in MRSM Kuala Klawang have all %een involved with PBS
classes and have e()erience in im)lementing it' Their o)inion and e()erience in im)lementing it
is crucial to %e elicited'
;-; In61ru+n1a1/n
For the )ur)ose of this study, a few instruments will %e used to collect data such as
through
the use of ;uestionnaire, unstructured interview and also o%servation scheme'
;-;-2 >u61/nnar
Data will mostly %e o%tained through ;uestionnaires' There will %e two sets of ;uestionnaires'
5ne set for the students and one set for the teachers' uestionnaire will %e used to derive the
findings from the )o)ulation' For the students+ ;uestionnaire, relevant data to %e collected will %e
%ased on different varia%les such as gender, main language s)o*en at home and their 1
semester+s #nglish $anguage e(am results .for com)arison )ur)oses'
The o)en ended ;uestions and ;uestionnaire will only %e given to the selected students at the end
of the semester'
Meanwhile, ;uestionnaire for the #nglish teachers will elicit their o)inions on how they
im)lement PBS in their classrooms and the issues and challenges in im)lementing it'
;-;- Un61ru.1ur4 In1r
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
16/20
Questionnaires will be used as the main method of data collection. Before
the real data collection process for this study can be carried out, a pilot study
will be conducted on a smaller population for the same intended study.The
result from the pilot study will be used to improve the questioning in the
questionnaire. A cover letter explaining the intended purpose and
signicance of the research will be provided together with the questionnaire.
The questionnaires will be distributed to all the orm ! students "they will be
gathered at the school hall during prep hours# with the permission from the
school principal. The students will be given $% to &' minutes to answer all
the questions in the questionnaire and upon completion, the questionnaires
will be collected directly in order to avoid unreturned questionnaires. The
students( responses in the questionnaire will help me to gain a better
understanding on the students( perspectives of the implementation of )B* in
their +* classrooms and how it has a-ect their performance in the subect
so far.
Teachers will be as/ed to answer another set of questionnaire in order to
elicit their in depth perspectives and opinions of how they perceive the
implementation of )B* in their +* classrooms and also on the issues and
challenges in implementing it and suggestions to overcome it. The teachers
will be given questions to answer during a free period or during after school
session.
or the students( unstructured interview, !' samples "equal number of male
and female students# ranging from students of various prociency
bac/ground "beginner, intermediate and advanced# will be selected as the
interviewees. The interview sessions will be conducted at the school and will
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
17/20
be audiotaped. The same interview procedure will apply for teachers(
unstructured interview.
The researcher will also observe a few classrooms to see how teachers
implement )B* in the classrooms and identify whether the responses given
by the respondents "teachers and students# in the questionnaires and also
during the interview concur.
;-? Da1a Ana$966
The data analysis )rocess will involve several ste)s transcri%ing and sorting out the data, coding
and develo)ing conce)ts and )ro)ositions' Data o%tained will %e analyCed using the SPSS
Aersion !H'' The statistics used in this study are descri)tive statistics which will involve
fre;uency, mean and )ercentages'
;-?-2 Tran6.r*n& an4 6/r1n& /u1 1! 4a1a
ll data transcri)ts will %e read and re
8/10/2019 My Research Proposal EXAMPLE
18/20
LIST /8 REFERENCES
nnie T' S' >' .2!! #()loring Students+ Perce)tion of and Reaction to Feed%ac* in Schoolorl$.
2:
Recommended