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Ministry of Environment. Government of Pakistan Ministry of Environment. Sanitation- Setting the context, Country Commitment and Enabling Policies on Sanitation Javed Ali Khan, DG, Environment. Sanitation. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Sanitation- Setting the context, Sanitation- Setting the context, Country Commitment and Country Commitment and
Enabling Policies on SanitationEnabling Policies on Sanitation
Javed Ali Khan, DG, Environment
Ministry of EnvironmentMinistry of Environment
Government of PakistanGovernment of PakistanMinistry of EnvironmentMinistry of Environment
SanitationSanitation
Proper sanitation means the promotion of health by safe disposal of excrement, encompassing critical components of sanitation services like privacy, dignity, cleanliness as well as a healthy environment through safe disposal techniques
Pakistan Sanitation Policy, 2006 primarily focuses on safe disposal of liquid and solid wastes; and promotion of health and hygiene practices in the country. The term sanitation, however, extends to cover cleanliness, hygiene, proper collection of liquid and solid wastes and their environmentally sound disposal
Excreta disposal, solid waste management and drainage are inter-related and the impact of improvements in one will be reduced if they are carried out without regard to the others
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
The Scale of the ChallengeThe Scale of the Challenge
• About 2.5 billion people (42 % ) lack access to basic sanitation (WHO/UNICEF, 2008)
• An additional 1.8 billion people need to be provided with improved sanitation till 2015 to achieve the MDG
• In the developing countries, rural communities have less than half the sanitation coverage (37 %) of urban areas (81 %)
• About 90 % of sewage and 70 % of industrial wastes in developing countries are discharged into water courses without treatment
• Every day, diarrhoeal disease kills 5,000 children. Every week, it kills 42,000 people. Every one of these deaths is tragic – and preventable
• Without concerted action, the lack of sanitation will continue to impact the lives of billions of people and impede progress on development
IYS 2008 gave us five important messagesIYS 2008 gave us five important messages
• Sanitation is vital for human health• Sanitation generates economic benefits• Sanitation contributes to dignity
and social development• Sanitation protects the environment • Improving sanitation is achievable
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Sanitation coverage (%)Sanitation coverage (%)
Urban Rural Total
Sanitation
Imp
rove
d
Sh
are
d
Un
imp
rove
d
Op
en
d
efe
catio
n
Imp
rove
d
Sh
are
d
Un
imp
rove
d
Op
en
d
efe
catio
n
Imp
rove
d
Sh
are
d
Un
imp
rove
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Op
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efe
catio
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2006 90 4 0 6 40 5 10 45 58 5 6 31
1990 76 4 12 8 14 2 10 74 33 3 10 54
Still 51 Million defecating in open Source:JMP, 2008
Considerable improvement in CoverageConsiderable improvement in Coverage
71 % access to latrine (PSLM 2006-07) 58 % access to an improved latrine (JMP 2008) Pakistan is amongst those countries making the
most rapid progress in access to sanitation (JMP) Significant reduction in the incidence of open
defecation from 54% (1990) to 31% (2006) Major gains have been in rural areas, although the
urban-rural variation remains significant
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Quality of service and behavior changeQuality of service and behavior change
Many latrines not used by all of the people all of the time
Many latrines may not be sanitary in design or use
Many latrines are not maintained in a sanitary manner (i.e. Fecal sludge dumped in fields, drains, nullahs)
The failure to safely contain the excreta of one individual or household can undermine the efforts of others
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Factors compromising outcomesFactors compromising outcomes
Less than 50% sewerage collected and less than 10% treated effectively
This means that 90% of wastewater finds its way into receiving water bodies
In urban areas less than 50% of solid waste is collected and there is no sanitary landfill site
Social mobilizing concepts not institutionalized in the local governments
• Limited private sector participation
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Are we meeting the sanitation MDG?Are we meeting the sanitation MDG?
Pakistan: Progress towards Sanitation MDG Targets
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025Year
Access t
o l
atr
ines
Urban
Rural
Overall
Required MDG trend
Required MDG trend
Required MDG trend
Progress in access to latrines (overall)
Progress in access to latrines (rural)
Progress in access to latrines (urban)
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
What is the cost to Pakistan?What is the cost to Pakistan?
The environmental cost has been estimated at Rs. 112 billion
1 in 11 children will die before reaching the age of 5 (60% attributable to WATSAN diseases)
The health costs from Diarrhea and Typhoid alone amount to 1.8% of GDP
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Policy foundationsPolicy foundations
National sanitation policy approved in 2006 following SACOSAN II
Innovative use of performance based instruments
Policies and strategies formulated in all provinces and regions:-Balochistan strategy/action plan stands approved-NWFP Sanitation Policy & Strategy-Punjab Urban Water & Sanitation Policy-Sindh Sanitation Strategy-AJK Sanitation Policy and Strategy-Northern Areas Sanitation Strategy
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Urban Sanitation-Components in National Urban Sanitation-Components in National Sanitation Policy, 2006Sanitation Policy, 2006
• Formalization of the Component Sharing and Total Sanitation models• Programme for rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure by City
governments• Needs identification of sanitation / drainage related infrastructure• City wide sanitation strategies through City Sanitation Plans for all
urban settlements by City governments• Mandatory sanitation facilities at public places• Close coordination with Katchi Abadi Improvement and Regularisation
Programme • Promotion of Integrated solid waste management• Designation of proper landfill sites for the disposal of solid waste• A program for up gradation of informal settlements• Public- Private- Civil Society partnership• Master Plans for treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater
Sector financing (expenditures )Sector financing (expenditures )SOURCE: DRAFT PRSP IISOURCE: DRAFT PRSP II
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION EDUCATION HEALTH
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Sector financingSector financing
Between 2001-2006 expenditures increased 122%
In 2001/02 spending 0.11% of GDP; in 2005/06 it was 0.13% and in 2006/07 it grew to 0.19%
But the cost of 2 diseases alone is 1.81% of GDP
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Strategic sector initiativesStrategic sector initiatives
Sector coordination- WSDCG, CLTS core group, WASH Clusters, WESNet
Rural strategy- CLTS and SLTS – going to scale through key partnerships
School sanitation and hygiene Urban strategy- Orangi Pilot Project/
Lodhran Pilot Project (component sharing taken to scale)
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
Scaling up rural sanitationScaling up rural sanitation
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
1576
564
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
OVER ALL
No. Community Activiists Trained ODF Villages
The Way ForwardThe Way Forward
IYS 2008 gave additional impetus to build on SACOSAN Solid progress on IYS targets Momentum to be sustained after the National Year of
Environment Enhancing sector financing (MTDF 2010-2015) Setting New targets Developing National Sanitation Action Plan Developing essential capacity & strengthening partnerships Strong focus on addressing challenges of quality services Translating policies ,strategies and action plans to integrated
sanitation and hygiene promotion projects & programmes• Integrating sanitation with all poverty reduction initiatives and
aligning with other sectors such as health and education
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
MINISTRY OF MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
THANK YOUTHANK YOU
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