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MACSATMACSAT -- A MiniA Mini--Satellite Approach to Satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging High Resolution Space Imaging
The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small SatellitesThe 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small SatellitesAugust 2003, Utah, USAAugust 2003, Utah, USA
BYUNG JIN KIMBYUNG JIN KIMSaTReCSaTReC Initiative Initiative Co. Ltd. (SaTReCCo. Ltd. (SaTReCii))
http://www.satreci.comhttp://www.satreci.combjkimbjkim@@satrecisatreci.com.com
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -2
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Program Overview
Joint Development between SaTReCi and ATSB
Mission ObjectivesMedium-High Resolution Earth Remote Sensing
2.5 m (Pan), 5m (4-MS)
Stereo image product generation (DEM)
1:25,000 scale image map generation
Off-axis imaging capability (up to +/- 30 degrees)
Program Period : 3 years (in Two Phases)Phase-I : Mission Definition to EM Development
Phase-II : QM/FM Development to Launch & Operations
Launch Expected : Mid of 2004
Orbit : 600 - 800 km, Near-Equatorial Orbit
Launcher : Falcon (TBD)
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -3
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Model Philosophy
Phase-IIPhase-I
• Acceptance level• Reduced level
• Qualification level• Aging test
• Functional checkout• Interface checkoutTest
• All the modules must be integrated as flight configuration
• Except some expensive components, all the modules must be identical as flight configuration including payloads
• Modules must have the same function and interface as FM
• Structural Model with dummy mass
Configuration
• Use MIL grade or flight-heritage components
• Industrial grade components may be used in some exceptional occasions
• Use MIL grade or flight-heritage components
• Industrial grade components may be used in some exceptional occasions
• Use commercial or industrial gradeParts /
Components Grade
• Flight• Qualification test• Full functional verification• Spare modules for FM
• Functional verification• Structure verification• Software test bed
Purpose
Flight Model (FM)Qualification Model (QM)Engineering Model (EM)
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -4
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Program Schedule
QM Development
EM Manufacturing / AIT
CDR
FM Development
Launch Readiness
PDR
Detail Design
SDR
SRR
Mission Analysis
Kick-off
Q3Q2Q1Q4Q3Q2Q1Q4Q3Q2Q1Q4Q3Q2
2004200320022001TASKS
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -5
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Key System Feature
@EOL>330 WPower
QPSK30 Mbps ( X-band )Data Down Link
3 yearsMission Lifetime
32 GbitsMass Storage Capacity
20 km Swath Width
Panchromatic : 2.5 mMulti-spectral (4-bands) : 5.0 m
Ground Sampling Distance
Medium-sized Aperture Camera, MACPayload
0.2 °Attitude Control Accuracy
Hexagonal typeφ1200mm × H1200mmEnvelope
Including payload
≤ 200 kgMass
7.5 ~ 9 °Inclination
685 kmNominal Altitude
Near Equatorial Low Earth Orbit (NEqO)Orbit
RemarkSpecificationsItem
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -6
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Operation Requirements
Capable of generating 1:25,000 scale, Class III, image maps.
The localization of image shall be better than 5 m of accuracy (90%) in nadir viewing condition with GCP.
The localization of image shall be within 1 km of accuracy in nadir viewing condition without GCP.
Level I image product generation within 5 hours from reception.
6 visits per day over Malaysian region with good Sun angle
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -7
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Near Equatorial Orbit
Orbital Passes for 1 day
(13~15 times) Imaging Passes for 2.5m resolution camera
Near Equatorial Constellation
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -8
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Imaging Flexibility
Mission Control Mission Control StationStation
Flight Flight PathPath
Swathwidth Swathwidth 20km20km
2.8 m @ 2.8 m @ ±±2020oo
500 km500 km
3.5 m @ 3.5 m @ ±±3030oo
800 km800 km6 m @ 6 m @ ±±4545oo
1500 km1500 km
Image Receiving Image Receiving & Processing & Processing
StationStation
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -9
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Off-Nadir Tilting Capability
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45Tilt Angle (degree)
GSD
(m)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Fiel
d of
Reg
ard
(km
)
GSD
Field of Regard
(Cont..)
Body Tilting : ± 30o (45o @max)Short Revisit PeriodExtended Field-of-Regard : ± 750km
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -10
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
GSD from Different Altitudes
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Tilt Angle (deg)
Gro
und
Sam
plin
g D
ista
nce
(m)
300km400km500km600km700km800km
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -11
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Image Data Applications
Mapping & GIS
Infrastructure
Disaster Monitoring
Land Management
Natural Resources
Environment
Business
Security
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -12
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Image Product Generation
Precision Correction DEM
Fully Automated Ground Station
PC Based System
Radiometric and Geometric Correction
Precision and Ortho Correction
Catalogue Browse System
Value Added Product Generation
Fly Through Simulation
3D Visualization
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -13
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
System Architecture
MSM1
MCM1MSM1
MCM1
MMU
TPUFPA Telescope
PMS
EOS
Operational Heater
Survival Heater Pyro
PPS
MAC
SPUSPU
PCMPCM PDM1, 2
Pyro1Pyro1Pyro1
+28V
+5V+12V-12V
+28V
+5V+12V-12VSo
lar A
rray 1
BM1
Batt.1
BCR1BCR1 BDR1BDR1
OBC1,OBC2
TCM1
EPS
Survival Heaters
OBC1
C&DH GPS
TCM1(P)TCM1(P)TCM1(P)
TCM2(P)
OBC2
DMUX
Demod1
RX1
9.6KbpsFSK
1.2KbpsAFSK
RX2
9.6Kbps FSK
1.2KbpsAFSK
Umbilical
Demod2
DMUX
DMUX
DMUX
1.2KbpsAFSK
38.4KbpsFSK
9.6KbpsFSK
1.2KbpsAFSK
38.4KbpsFSK
Umbilical
TX1
TX2
Mod1
Mod2
DMUX1DMUX2
AMUX1AMUX2
ITUITU
TS
9.6KbpsFSK
2/
MT1FSS1
RW1RW1CSS1
MT1MAG1
MUX
MT1MT1
STS1STS1
RW1RW1RW1RW1
RW1RW1RW1GRX
/4
2/ /
4
ACS
BCU1 SeparationSwitch
TCM1,TCM2
Umbilical
SerialPowerBi-level Command/ TelemetryPulse Per Second
Pyro Electronics
Note: Umbilical lines are in a single connector
OBC1 OBC2
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SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Configuration
ReactionWheel
X-bandAntenna
Battery
StarSensor
PayloadManagementSubsystem
Payload: MAC
In-orbitConfiguration
Entrance Baffle
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SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Payload (MAC) Configuration
Storage Unit
Control Unit
Power Unit
Processing Unit
FPA
CorrectionLenses
M1A
M2A
Entrance Baffle
HousingBus I/F
Metering Structure
Electro-Optical Subsystem
P/L ManagementSubsystem
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SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
MAC Key Specifications
8 bitsQuantization
ProgrammableSignal Gain
≥ 70SNR
≤ 50 kgMass
≤ 50 WPeak Power
Image/Quick-look Data30 Mbps (QPSK)Data Tx. Speed
@ BOL≥ 32 GbitsStorage Capacity
@ 685 km≥ 20 kmSwath Width
@ Nyquist freq.PAN ≥ 8 %MS ≥ 15 %
MTF
@ nadirPAN : 2.5 mMS : 5.0 m
GSD
450 ∼ 520, 520 ∼ 600, 630 ∼ 690, 760 ∼ 890 nm
4 MS
510 ∼ 730 nm1 PANImaging Bands
RemarkSpecificationsItem
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -17
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
MAC Payload
FPAMAC Alignment
Primary Mirror
Integrated Configuration
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -18
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Current Status
MACSAT development has been conducted since June 2000 for flight readiness by mid-2004.
17 Malaysian engineers are participating in this program.– 6 for imaging payload
– 11 for spacecraft bus
Development of engineering model for spacecraft bus and imaging payload was completed.
Qualification Model (QM) AIT is being performed and QM environment test is scheduled in August and September, 2003
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -19
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Joint Development
Assembly in Malaysia
Assembly in Korea
Joint Harness Manufacturing
Joint Testing of MAC
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -20
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Hardware Development
On-Board Computer
Telemetry & Command Module
Battery
Battery Charge Regulator
Battery Control Unit
Power Distribution Module
(cont.)
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -21
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Image Transmission Unit
X-band Antenna Modem
S-band Transmitter S-band Receiver
S-band Antenna
Hardware Development(cont.)
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -22
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Power Conditioning Module
GPS Receiver
Pyro and Heater Controller
Fine Sun Sensor
Coarse Sun Sensor
Pyro Device
Heater Patch
Hardware Development(cont.)
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -23
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Magnetorquer Controller
Torquer Bar
Magnetometer
Reaction Wheel
Fiber Optic Gyro
Star Sensor
Hardware Development(cont.)
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -24
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
ACS Software Development
• 3-axis attitude determination & control
• Kalman Filter for gyro drift compensation
• Orbit environment simulation
• Sensor output simulation
• Real-time simulation using OBC
Ground Track
Attitude Display - GraphAttitude Display – 3D
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -25
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
EGSE / Test Bed
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -26
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
PCM/PDM1-TCM1P-TCM1S
Pyro Control-OBC1-OBC2
Integration with Structure
QM Integration
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -27
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Integration & Test
Telescope in T/V Chamber
Telescope Bake-out MAC EOS +
MACSAT Frame
MACSAT EM on Shaker
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -28
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Summary
Cost-effective solution for medium-high resolution Earth observation satellite platform and payload
Successful development and testing of EM and QM
International CooperationIntegrated team approach
Joint design and manufacturing in two countries
Model approach for developing world
MACSAT – A Mini-satellite Approach to High Resolution Space Imaging -29
SSC01-VI-8: The 17th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites
Thanks for your AttentionThanks for your Attention
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