View
3
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Studying Kanji:
Radicals: Kinds
History of Radicals: “It all started when the book was published in China around the time of Christ. Characters were indexed via 540 radicals. More than 1,500 years later (when Benjamin Franklin was a wee lad of 10, still 16 years before George Washington was born), the influential was published, classifying some 42,000 kanji via 214 radicals. These 214 ``traditional radicals'' are still commonly used today.”
Ref. Site: (http://www.df.lth.se/cgi-bin/j-e/radical.html?SASE=/cgi-bin/j-e/glossary.html )
What is a Radical?
A radical (bushu) is a common sub-element found in different kanji characters. Every kanji has a radical or a radical itself can be a kanji. Radicals express the general nature of the kanji characters. A radical is the part of the kanji character that gives you a clue to its origin, group, meaning or pronunciation. Many kanji dictionaries organize characters by their radicals.
There are 214 radicals. Don't worry about learning all of them! I doubt most Japanese can recognize and name them all. However, if you memorize some of the important radicals, they will help you to figure out the meanings of many kanji.
Radicals are roughly divided into seven groups (hen, tsukuri, kanmuri, ashi, tare, nyou, and kamae) by their positions.
hen tsukuri kanmuri ashi tare nyou kamae
About Hen
The "hen" are found at the left side of a kanji characters. Here are common radicals that take the "hen" position and some sample kanji characters.
Ninben (person)
Tsuchihen (earth)
Onnahen (woman)
Gyouninben (going man)
Risshinben(heart)
Tehen (hand)
Kihen (tree)
Sanzui (water)
Hihen (fire)
Ushihen (cow)
Shimesuhen
Nogihen (two branch tree)
Itohen (thread)
Gonben (word)
Kanehen (metal)
Kozatohen
(Reference Site: http://japanese.about.com/library/weekly/aa070101a.htm)
About Tsukuri
Rittou (sword)
Nobun (folding chair)
Akubi (gap)
Oogai (page)
About Kanmuri
Ukanmuri (crown)
Takekanmuri (bamboo)
Kusakanmuri (grass)
Amekanmuri (rain)
(Reference Site: http://japanese.about.com/library/weekly/aa070801a.htm )
About Ashi
Hitoashi (human legs)
Kokoro (heart)
Rekka (fire)
About Tare
Shikabane (flag) 昼
Madare (dotted cliff)
Yamaidare (sick)
About Nyou
Shinnyou (road)
Ennyou (long stride)
About Kamae
Kunigamae(box)
Mongamae (gate)
(Reference Site: http://japanese.about.com/library/weekly/aa071501a.htm )
Studying Kanji
Radicals: Complete Lists
1画 One-Stroke Radicals
1. 一 One; Ceiling or floor
2. | Rod, Stick, Line; Lameness
3. 丶 Drop, Dot
4. ノ No (katakana)
5. 乙 Second 乚 乱 Fishhook (right)
6. 亅 Feathered stick, barb
2画 Two-Stroke Radicals
1. 二 Two
2. 亠 Kettle, Lid
3. 人 Person 个 Person (top)
4. 化 Person (left)
5. 全 Roof (upper)
6. 儿 Human Legs
7. 入 Enter
8. 八 Eight
9. 冂 Inverted (down) box
10. 冖 Wa crown, Cover
11. 冫 Ice
12. 几 Table, wind
13. 凵 Open box
14. 刀 Sword, Knife
15. 刂 刈 Standing sword
16. 力 Power
17. 勹 Wrap
18. ヒ Spoon
19. 匚 Box on side
20. 十 Ten, Cross
21. 卜 Divining rod, Prophesy
22. 卩 Seal, Joint, Stamp 犯 Crooked seal (right)
23. 厂 Cliff
24. 厶 Myself, Elbow, Private
25. 又 Again
26. 了 Finish, End
27. マ Ma (katakana)
28. 首 Horns (upper)
29. 九 Nine
30. 个 Umbrella (top)
31. ハ Animal legs, Eight
32. 右 左 By one's side (upper), longer stroke drawn second
3画 Three-Stroke Radicals
1. 口 Mouth
2. 囗 Enclosure, Box
3. 土 Earth
4. 士 Gentleman, Scholar, Samurai
5. 夂 Go, Winter, Descend
6. 夕 Evening
7. 大 Big
8. 女 Woman
9. 子 Child
10. 宀 Shaped crown, House
11. 寸 Measure, Small, Inch
12. 小 Small
13. 当 Small (top)
14. 京 Small (bottom)
15. 学 Owl (top)
16. 尢 Crooked leg, Big
17. 尸 Corpse, Flag
18. 山 Mountain
19. 川 巛 River
20. 工 Craft, Work
21. 已 Self, Snake
22. 巾 Cloth
23. 干 Dry, Oppose
24. 幺 Short thread
25. 广 Dotted cliff, Cave
26. 廴 Stretch, Long stride
27. 廾 Twenty legs
28. 弋 Ceremony
29. 弓 Bow, Archery
30. ヨ Pig's head
31. 彡 Short hair, Ornament
32. 彳 Going man
33. 艾 Grass (top)
34. 込 Road (under)
35. 阝 防 Village (left)
36. 阝 邦 Village (right)
37. 首 Horns (top)
38. 扌 打 Fingers
39. 忄 忙 Heart
40. 氵 汁 Water
41. 犭 犯 Animal
42. 花 Flower (top)
4画 Four-Stroke Radicals
1. 心 Heart
2. 戈 Spear, festival
3. 戸 Door, family
4. 手 Hand
5. 支 Branch, support
6. 攵 Literature
7. 文 Literature
8. 斗 Big Dipper, sake
9. 斤 Axe, 1 lb
10. 方 Direction
11. 日 Sun
12. 曰 Flat sun, say, reason
13. 月 Moon, body
14. 月(肉) Meat
15. 木 Tree
16. 欠 Yawning, lack, vacancy
17. 止 Stop
18. 歹 Death
19. 殳 Windy-again
20. 毋 Mother (also see)
21. 比 Compare
22. 毛 Hair, feather
23. 氏 Family name
24. 气 Steam
25. 水 Water
26. 火灬 点 Fire
27. 父 Father
28. 片 One-sided, leaf
29. 牛 Cow
30. 犬 Dog
31. 王 King
32. 礻 礼 Show (left) (See 示 below)
33. 者 Old man (top)
5画 Five-Stroke Radicals
1. 瓦 Tile
2. 甘 Sweet
3. 生 Life, birth
4. 用 Use, service
5. 田 Rice field
6. 疋 Animal counter
7. 疒 疔 Sickness
8. 癶 Departing head
9. 白 White
10. 皮 Skin, leather
11. 皿 Plate
12. 目 Eye, class
13. 矛 Spear
14. 矢 Arrow
15. 石 Stone
16. 示 Show (See 礼 above)
17. 禾 Branch tree
18. 穴 Hole
19. 立 Stand up
20. 罒 買 Net
21. 母 Mother (also see)
22. 初 Clothes (left)
23. 氺 Rice grains
24. 衤 Cloak
6画 Six-Stroke Radicals
1. 竹 Bamboo
2. 米 Rice
3. 糸 Thread
4. 缶 Container
5. 羊 Sheep
6. 羽 Feather
7. 而 Rake
8. 耒 Plow
9. 耳 Ear
10. 肉 Meat
11. 自 Oneself
12. 至 Climax, arrive
13. 舌 Tongue
14. 舟 Boat
15. 色 Color
16. 虍 Tiger
17. 虫 Insect
18. 血 Blood
19. 行 Going
20. 衣 Clothes
21. 西 West
22. 艮 Good
7画 Seven-Stroke Radicals
1. 見 Seeing
2. 角 Angle, corner
3. 言 Word, speech
4. 谷 Valley
5. 豆 Bean
6. 豕 Pig
7. 貝 Shell
8. 赤 Red
9. 走 Run
10. 足 Leg, foot
11. 身 Body
12. 車 Car, wheel
13. 辛 Bitter
14. 辰 Small dragon
15. 酉 Sign of the bird
16. 釆 Separate, divide
17. 里 Village
18. 臣 Minister, subject
8画 Eight-Stroke Radicals
1. 金 Gold, money
2. 長 Long, leader
3. 門 Gate
4. 隶 Servant
5. 隹 Old bird
6. 雨 Rain
7. 青 Blue, green
8. 非 Negative
9. 臣 Minister, subject
9画 Nine-Stroke Radicals
1. 几 Face, mask
2. 革 Leather
3. 音 Sound
4. 頁 Page
5. 飛 Flying, skip
6. 食 Food, eat
7. 首 Neck
8. 香 Fragrance
9. 風 Wind
10. 品 Goods
10画 Ten-Stroke Radicals
1. 馬 Horse
2. 骨 Bone
3. 高 High, expensive
4. 髟 Long hair
5. 鬼 Demon
6. 竜 Dragon
11画 Eleven-Stroke Radicals
1. 魚 Fish
2. 鳥 Bird 高校
3. 鹿 Deer
4. 麻 Hemp
5. 黄 Yellow
6. 黒 Black
(Ref. Site: http://infohost.nmt.edu/~armiller/japanese/kanjiradical.htm )
1 Stroke
1. 一 いち one个 ぼう rod no SJIS glyph
2. 丶 てん dot丿 てん kana-no
3. 乙 おつ fish hook亅 はねぼう feathered stick barb
2 Strokes
4. 二 に two亠 なべぶた lid
5. 人 ひと person儿 にんにょう human legs
6. 入 いる enter八 はちがしら eight
7. 冂 まきがまえ display case冖 わかんむり wa-shaped crown
8. 冫 にすい water drops几 つくえ table table enclosure
9. 凵 うけばこ open box enclosure刀 かたな sword
10. 力 ちから strong勹 つつみがまえ wrapping
11. 匕 さじのひ spoon匚 はこがまえ sideways box
12. 十 じゅう cross卜 ぼくのと divining rod
13. 卩 ふしづくり seal厂 がんだれ cliff
14. 厶 む myself又 また furthermore
3 strokes
15. 口 くち mouth囗 くにがまえ box
16. 土 つち earth士 さむらい samurai
17. 夂 ふゆがしら descend夂 ふゆがしら descend
18. 夕 ゆうべ evening大 だい big
19. 女 おんな woman子 こ child
20. 宀 うかんむり crown寸 すん glue
21. 小 ちいさい little尢 まげあし crooked-big
22. 尸 しかばね flag屮 てつ old grass
23. 山 やま mountain巛 まがりがわ crooked river
24. 工 たくみ craft己 おのれ snake
25. 巾 はば cloth干 はす dry
26. 幺 いとがしら short thread广 まだれ dotted cliff
27. 廴 いんにょう long stride廾 にじゅうあし twenty
28. 弋 しきがまえ ceremony弓 ゆみ bow
29. ヨ けいがしら pig head彡 さんづくり tuft
30. 彳 ぎょうにんべん going man
4 Strokes
31. 心 りっしんべん heart戈 かのほこ halberd
32. 戸 とびらのと door手 て hand
33. 支 しんよう branch攴 ぼくづくり folding chair
34. 文 ぶんにょう sentence斗 とます dipper
35. 斤 おの axe方 ほう direction
36. 无 むにょう crooked heaven日 にち sun
37. 日 にち sun月 つき moon
38. 木 き tree欠 あくび gap
39. 止 とめる stop歹 がつへん death
40. 殳 ほこつくり windy again毋 なかれ mother
41. 比 くらべるひ race毛 け wool
42. 氏 うじ clan气 きがまえ spirit
43. 水 みず water火 ひ fire
44. 爪 つめ claw父 ちち father
45. 爻 めめ double X爿 しょうへん left-side kata
46. 片 かた one-sided leaf sheet牙 きばへん fang
47. 牛 うし cow犬 いぬ dog
5 Strokes
48. 玄 げん mysterious玉 うし jewel
49. 瓜 うり melon瓦 かわら tile
50. 甘 あまい sweet生 うまれる life
51. 用 もちいる use田 た rice field
52. 疋 ひき head count疔 やまいだれ sick no SJIS glyph
53. 癶 はつがしら dotted tent白 しろ white
54. 皮 けがわ hide皿 さら dish
55. 目 め eye矛 むのほこ halberd
56. 矢 や arrow石 いし stone
57. 示 しめす show禹 うのあし mu in box no SJIS glyph
58. 禾 のぎ two branch tree穴 あな slit
59. 立 たつ stand
6 Strokes
60. 竹 たけ bamboo米 こめ rice
61. 糸 いと thread缶 ほとぎ can
62. 网 あみがしら net crown羊 ひつじ sheep
63. 羽 はね feathers老 おい old man
64. 而 しかして rake耒 らいすき three branch tree
65. 耳 みみ ear聿 ふでづくり writing brush
66. 肉 にく meat臣 しん retainer
67. 自 みずから oneself至 いたる climax
68. 臼 うす mortar舌 した tongue
69. 舛 ます dancing舟 ふね ship
70. 艮 うしとら good色 いろ color
71. 艸 くさ grass虍 とらかんむり tiger crown
72. 虫 むし bug血 ち blood
73. 行 ぎょう journey衣 ころも clothing
74. 襾 にし west
7 Strokes
75. 見 みる see角 つの corner
76. 言 ことば say谷 たに valley
77. 豆 まめ bean豕 いのこ pig
78. 豸 むじな badger貝 かい shellfish
79. 赤 あか red走 はしる run
80. 足 あし foot身 み station in life
81. 車 くるま car辛 からい spicy hot
82. 辰 しんのたつ sign of the dragon辷 しんにゅう road
83. 邑 むら right village酉 ひよみのとり sake
84. 釆 のごめ dice里 さと village
8 Strokes
85. 金 かね metal長 ながい long
86. 門 もん gate阜 ぎふのふ left village
87. 隶 れいづくり slave隹 ふるとり old bird
88. 雨 あめ rain青 あう blue green
89. 非 あらず injustice
9 Strokes
90. 面 めん face革 かくのかわ leather pelt
91. 韋 なめしがわ tanned leather韭 にら leek
92. 音 おと sound頁 おおがい page
93. 風 かぜ wind飛 とぶ flying
94. 食 しよく food首 くび neck
95. 香 においこう smell
10 Strokes
96. 馬 うま horse骨 ほね bone
97. 高 たかい high髟 かみがしら long hair
98. 鬥 とうがまえ broken gate鬯 ちよう fragrant herbs
99. 鬲 かく tripod鬼 おに devil
11 Strokes
100. 魚 うお fish鳥 とり bird
101. 鹵 ろ salt鹿 しか deer
102. 麥 むぎ wheat麻 あさ flax
13 Strokes
103. 黄 きいろ yellow黍 きび millet
104. 黒 くろ black黹 ふつ sewing
105. 黽 べん green frog鼎 かなえ three legged kettle
106. 鼓 つづみ drum beat鼠 ねずみ mouse
14
107. 鼻 はな nose齊 せい equal
15
108. 齒 は tooth
16
109. 龍 りゅう dragon龜 かめ turtle
17
110. 龠 やく flute
(Reference Site: http://japanese.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://www.nuthatch.com/kanji/demo/strokes.html )
Recommended