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LUNG CANCER AND
TOBACCO USE
Right lung=3 lobesLeft lung=2 lobesAir enters lungs through tracheaTrachea divides into bronchiBronchi divide into bronchiolesAlveoli are the air sacs at the end of the bronchiolesPleura = lining of the lungs
What is the function of the lungs?
What is lung cancer?
• Lung cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.
• These cells develop into tumors and the tumors disrupt the proper function of the lung.
• Cough that does not go away
• Breathing trouble, such as shortness of breath
• Constant chest pain
• Coughing up blood
• A hoarse voice
• Frequent lung infections
• Feeling tired all the time
• Weight loss with no known cause
Symptoms
United States lung cancer facts
American Cancer Society, 2007 www.cancer.org
Estimated new cases and deaths from lung cancer in the United States in 2007:
New cases: 213,380Deaths: 160,390 (29% of all cancer deaths)
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among men and women
More than 87% of lung cancers are smoking related
More Americans die each year of lung cancer than from breast, prostate and colorectal cancers combined
Over 400 new cases each year in North Dakota.
It is estimated that 330 Lung cancer deaths will occur in North Dakota this year.
North Dakota lung cancer facts
American Cancer Society, Cancer Facts and Figures 2008
Lung/Bronchus cancer rates1980-2007
7
Age-adjusted rate per 100,000
North Dakota lung and bronchus cancer by gender, 1980-2007
Age-adjusted rate per 100,000
Lung cancer mortality rates, IHS regions and U.S. all races, 1999-2003
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
US All R
aces
All IHS R
egions
Northern
Plains
Alaska East
Pacific C
oast
South
ern Plains
South
west
Age-
adju
sted
rate
per
100
,000
Both Sexes Males Females
9
Screening
• No approved screening test proven to improve survival or detect localized disease
• Clinical studies are under way
Diagnosis
• Physical exam• Chest X-ray• CT Scan• PET Scan• MRI • Sputum sample• Bronchoscopy• Biopsy
Chest Xray
PET Scan
CT Scan
Primary Risk Factors
Tobacco use
&
Secondhand Smoke
•Lung cancer is the most preventable form of cancer death in our society.
•More than 87% of lung cancers are smoking related
Secondhand smoke
• Each year about 3,000 non-smoking adults die of lung cancer as a result of breathing secondhand smoke.
What about secondhand smoke?
Being in a nonsmoking section of a restaurant for 2 hours =
Being in a smoky home for one day =
Being in a smoky bar =
Mayo Clinic
To learn what you can do to make a difference with secondhand smoke?
www.breatheND.com
What can you do?
Spit tobacco is not harmless
• Smokeless (spit) tobacco is not a safe alternative to cigarettes – smokeless tobacco also causes serious health problems!
• Smokeless tobacco contains 28 cancer-causing agents.
Consequences of spit tobacco use
• Tooth discoloration and staining
• Tooth abrasion/worn teeth
• Cavities• Stained tongue/bad
breath• Tarter buildup and
gingivitis• Receding gums• Gum disease
• Addiction
• Precancerous mouth lesions
• Oral cancers and other cancers
• Heart problems
Warning signs of oral cancer • A sore in the mouth that bleeds easily and
does not heal
• A lump or red/white patch in the mouth
• Prolonged sore throat
• Difficulty chewing or swallowing
• Restricted movement of the tongue or jaw
Pain is rarely an early symptom!
Oral cancer-deadly to ignore
Precancerous lesion Oral cancer
Other risk factors
• Exposure to asbestos and toxic chemicals
• Environmental contamination
• Chronic lung inflammation /scarring
• Family history
Treatment
• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation Therapy
Lung cancer is the most preventable form of cancer death in our society.
By quitting tobacco use you significantly reduce your risk of all cancers.
It is preventable!
Quit tobacco use today
Seek help in quitting by:
•Becoming familiar with the medications and combinations of medications available. •Contacting your local health department•Contacting your physician•Calling the North Dakota Tobacco Quitline
Is a resource for:
• Tobacco users
• Family members & friends
• Health care professionals
Supported by North Dakota Department of
Health with funding from• Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) funds
appropriated by ND legislature• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
grant
Hours that you can speak to someone direct are:
• Monday-Thursday 7:00am – 8:00pm(CT)• Friday 7:00am – 7:00pm(CT)• Saturday 10:00am – 4:00pm(CT)
– Voice mail available 24 hours/day
– Quit Tips audio library also available
• Every caller receives a thorough initial assessment
• May also receive up to 5 additional counseling sessions
• Special protocols for certain populations
• Will refer callers to local cessation programs if needed
Free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
Free 28 day supply of your choice of nicotine patch, gum or Lozenge to qualified enrollees
• Quit All Together!!
• A free web-based service to help quit tobacco use.
• Provides a community of support, resources, expert support and quit med support.
• Go to www.nd.quitnet.com
For The Directory of North Dakota Tobacco Cessation Programs In Your Area:
www.ndhealth.gov/tobacco
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