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Loc-based Variability for Mobile Information Systems
Raian Ali, Fabiano Dalpiaz, Paolo Giorgini
CAiSE’0818-20 June 2008
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Talk outline
• Location-based MobIS• Limits of existing modeling techniques
▫ Context Models▫ Software Variability Models ▫ Goal models
• Location-based goal modeling• Location-based analysis• Conclusions
2
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Location-based MobIS
[Streizt et al., 2005] [Weiser, 1991] [Krogstie et al., 2004]
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Limits of existing modeling techniquesContext models
[Yau et al., 2006][Henricksen et al., 2004]
[Wang et al., 2004]
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Limits of existing modeling techniquesContext models• Several context models have been proposed.• Without specifying the relation between context
and its use, we cannot say▫ Why context is needed▫ Which is the relevant part of context ▫ How context influences software derivation
• Context awareness is mainly focused on the software domain, not on the problem domain.
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Limits of existing modeling techniquesSoftware variability models
[Kang et al., 1998] [Pohl et al., 2005]
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Limits of existing modeling techniquesSoftware variability models• By modeling variability, SW product line
engineering creates systematically a diversity of similar products at low costs, in short time, and with high quality [Pohl et al., 2005].
• To model location in MobIS we need:▫ Autonomous selection between features▫ Higher level of abstraction that justifies the
features
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Limits of existing modeling techniquesGoal models
[Yu, 1995] [Bresciani et al., 2004]
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Limits of existing modeling techniquesGoal models• Goal models provide:
▫ High-level goals decomposition to discover alternatives.
▫ Good modeling of the problem domain▫ Higher level of abstraction justifies why software is
needed.• … but:
▫ Goal models do not specify where an alternative is: Applicable Recommended
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Location-based goal modeling
• Location-based (LB) goal models contain variability points annotated with location properties:1.LB Or-Decomposition: the basic variability construct
to express alternative goal decompositions2.LB contribution: contributions to soft-goals depends
on the location.3.LB dependency: the actor may depend on other
actors in certain locations. 4.LB Goal-Activation: location changes trigger
(activate, stop) goals.5.LB And-Decomposition: not all and-decomposition
sub-goals are needed in some location.
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Location-based goal modeling
Location-based goal model Location model
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Location-based analysis
• Loc-based Goal Satisfiability (LGS)▫ Is a goal satisfiable in a certain location instance?
• Location Property Satisfability (LPS)▫ What a Location lacks for satisfying a Goal!
• Preference Analysis (PA): Preferences can be specified over softgoals [Liaskos et al., 2006] to choose when:▫ More than one alternative to satisfy a Goal in a
location.▫ More than one Location modification is possible to
make a goal satisfiable.
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Conclusions
• We exploit i*/Tropos goal models to model location-based MobIS▫ We associate context information to variability points▫ We support an automated derivation of loc-based
software
• We introduce three analysis techniques▫ Loc-based goal satisfiability▫ Location property satisfiability ▫ Preference based alternatives adopting
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
Future work
• Finding suitable abstraction for modeling location at the social level.
• Looking for a suitable formalization• Formalizing the whole i*/Tropos loc-based GM• Positioning our proposed models into the whole
MobIS SDLC.• Developing different case studies taken from
different domains
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
References (1)
• [Streizt et al., 2005] Streitz, N., Nixon, P.: The disappearing computer. Commun. ACM 48(3) (2005)
• [Weiser, 1991] Weiser, M.: The computer for the twenty-first century. Scientific American 265(3) (1991)94–104
• [Krogstie et al., 2004]Krogstie, J., Lyytinen, K., Opdahl, A., Pernici, B., Siau, K., Smolander, K.: Research areas and challenges for mobile information systems. International Journal of Mobile Communications 2(3) (2004) 220–234
• [Yau et al., 2006] Yau, S., Liu, J.: Hierarchical situation modeling and reasoning for pervasive computing. Proceedings of 3rd Workshop on Software Technologies for Future Embedded and Ubiquitous Systems (SEUS) (2006) 5-10
• [Henricksen et al., 2004] Henricksen, K., Indulska, J.: A software engineering framework for context-aware pervasive computing. PerCom (2004) 77–86 5.
• [Wang et al., 2004] Wang, X.H., Zhang, D.Q., Gu, T., Pung, H.K.: Ontology based context modeling and reasoning using owl. In: PERCOMW ’04: Proceedings of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops, Washington, DC, USA, IEEE Computer Society (2004) 18–22
19/04/23R. Ali, F. Dalpiaz, P. Giorgini
References (2)• [Pohl et al., 2005] Pohl, K., Böckle, G., van der Linden, F.: Software
Product Line Engineering: Foundations,Principles, and Techniques. Springer (2005)
• [Kang et al., 1998] Kang, K., Kim, S., Lee, J., Kim, K., Shin, E., Huh, M.: Form: A feature-oriented reuse method with domain-specific reference architectures. Annals of Software Engineering 5 (1998) 143–168
• [Bresciani et al., 2004] Bresciani, P., Perini, A., Giorgini, P., Giunchiglia, F., Mylopoulos, J.: Tropos: An agent oriented software development methodology. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 8(3) (2004) 203–236
• [Yu, 1995] Yu, E.: Modelling strategic relationships for process reengineering. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toronto (1995)
• [Liaskos et al., 2006] Liaskos, S., McIlraith, S., Mylopoulos, J.: Representing and reasoning with preference requirements using goals. Technical report, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Toronto (2006) ftp://ftp.cs.toronto.edu/pub/reports/csrg/542.
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