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Kwikwetlem Sockeye Restoration Project
(KSRP)
A Summary of who we are and the work done to date
KSRP – Outline
1. Introduction2. Location 3. Low Level Outlet (LLO) Gatehouse
• smolt output
4. Sockeye Adult Trap • adult returns
5. Challenge6. Studies
• work done to date• Water quality panel
KSRP – Introduction
Who:A group stakeholders who have an interest in the Coquitlam watershed that are working with Kwikwetlem FN to restore an extirpated run of sockeye salmon.
Problem:Construction of Coquitlam dam blocked migratory route of historical sockeye run in 1914.
Landlocked juveniles forced into a freshwater-only life history (i.e., as kokanee)
25 generations of reservoir existence may have altered the stock’s morphology and behavior
KSRP – Introduction
ObjectiveRestore the extirpated run of sockeye salmon
1. Short term: 1. Establish a sustainable run of sockeye salmon 2. Learn about Kwikwetlem sockeye ecology
2. Long term: 1. Restore the sockeye run given prevailing conditions (i.e.,
revert landlocked sockeye back to primarily a sea run population)
KSRP – Location
KSRP – Location (3d view)
Red line marks elevation of historical lake
Coquitlam Dam and forebay
KSRP – Location (Air photo view)
Coquitlam Dam and Forebay
KSRP – Location (Dam and Forebay)
LLO Gatehouse
KSRP – LLO Gatehouse
KSRP – LLO Gatehouse
Typical range of reservoir elevations during smolt out migration
Movement of smolts
KSRP – LLO Gatehouse
KSRP – LLO Gatehouse
KSRP – smolt output
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Estim
ated
Sm
olt O
utpu
t
< 50
First year of monitoring
KSRP – smolt output
Possible reasons for dwindling counts:1. Structure itself (small opening at depth)2. Flow too low to attract smolts3. Reservoir levels too high – LLO too deep4. Reservoir levels too low – forebay too shallow5. Diversion tunnel - intercepts smolts6. Predation7. Too few smolts in reservoir – no incentive to leave8. Drive to emigrate lost - natural selection favors ‘stayers’9. ???
KSRP – Sockeye Adult Trap
Adult trap box
KSRP – Sockeye Adult Trap
KSRP – Sockeye Adult Trap
KSRP – Sockeye Adult Trap
KSRP – Sockeye Adult Returns
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Adu
lt R
etur
ns
?
No adults expected for 1st
2 years
1st year of Adult trap operation
KSRP – Sockeye Adult Returns
• Possible reasons for low adult counts• Low smolt output (Smolt to adult survival is usually
about 1 in 100)• Trap functional only since 2008• Error in smolt estimates (unlikely)
• From similar work in Alouette Lake Reservoir• Adults survive transport• Appear to successfully spawn
KSRP – Challenge
Short term KSRP objective:1. Establish a sustainable population
• Target numbers not yet established
• Using Sakinaw Lake sockeye as example:– DFO target minimum: 250 adults– Assuming 1% survival: 25,000 smolts
2. Learn Kwikwetlem sockeye ecology
• Study work underway since 2004
KSRP – Study work
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