July 2019 doc.: IEEE 802.15-19-0293 01-0thz 100 Gbs Real ...€¦ · THz wireless data transmission...

doc.: IEEE 802.15-19-0293—01-0thz_100 Gbs_Real-Time_THz_Wireless_Link

11 March 2019

July 2019

Carlos Castro, Fraunhofer HHISlide 1

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Submission Title: 100 Gb/s Real-Time THz Wireless Link Demonstration

Date Submitted: 15 July 2019

Source: Carlos Castro Company: Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute

Address: Einsteinufer 37, 10587 Berlin, Germany

Voice: +49 30 31002-659 FAX: +49 30 31002-213, E-Mail: carlos.castro@hhi.fraunhofer.de

Re: n/a

Abstract: In order to demonstrate the feasibility of THz systems for a future beyond 5G networks, we have

constructed a 100 Gb/s real-time spatially-multiplexed THz wireless link, which operates at a carrier

frequency of 300 GHz, and investigated its transmission performance using a broadband digital-coherent

modem. In addition, we provide an overview of our previous >100Gb/s transmission experiments to

highlight the special characteristics and considerations for purely wireless and for hybrid optic-THz links.

Purpose: Information of the Technical Advisory Group THz

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for

discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this

document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right

to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.

Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE

and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

100 GB/S REAL-TIME THZ WIRELESS LINK DEMONSTRATION

IEEE 802 Plenary Session,

121st IEEE 802.15 WSN Meeting – Austria Congress Centre

Vienna, Austria – 16.07.2019

carlos.castro@hhi.fraunhofer.de

Carlos Castro1, Robert Elschner1, Thomas Merkle2, Colja Schubert1

1. Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, Einsteinufer 37, 10587 Berlin, Germany

2. Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Festkörperphysik, Tullastraße 72, 79108 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany

H2020 EU TERRANOVA: Terabit/s Wireless Connectivity by TeraHertz innovative technologies to deliver Optical Network Quality of Experience in Systems beyond 5G

Duration: 7/2017 – 12/2019

ICT-09-2017 – Networking research beyond 5G

grant agreement no. 761794

OUTLINE

Hybrid optical-THz wireless networks beyond 5G

100 Gb/s offline experiments

100 Gb/s real-time experiments

Conclusions

MotivationTHz communications as enabler for flexible hybrid networks beyond 5G

THz wireless data transmission at carrier frequencies in the 100 GHz – 1000 GHz range

Large bandwidth, compatible with state-of-the-art fibre-optical transmission systems

This allows to design flexible hybrid optical-THz wireless networks beyond 5G with seamless interconnections and > 100 Gb/s link capacity

B <= 1 GHz B <= 10 GHz B <= 100 GHz

Applications for THz wireless networks

Applications can be classified in 3 generic technology scenarios:

Quasi-Omnidirectional

Point-to-Multi-Point (PtMP)

Point-to-Point (PtP)

Techniques for THz upconversion

Electrical THz upconversion

Electrical Mixer

Antenna

Data signal

Electr. LO (300 GHz)

THz channel

Optical THz upconversion

Optical Modulation

Pin-PD

192.7 193.0 193.3

cw carrier

Frequency / THz

300 GHzData signal

Laser (193 THz)

THz channelLaser (193 THz + 300 GHz)

Antenne

OUTLINE

Hybrid optical-THz wireless networks beyond 5G

Conclusions

275-325 GHz THz frontend waveguide modules (Tx/Rx)

(IF-I, IF-Q)

RxM185X12W

(IF-I, IF-Q)

M185X12W

M170M03H-RX

275-325

8.333 GHz 8.333 GHz

IF-QRFout (300 GHz)

LOin (100 GHz)DC

TX MMIC

Fout Fin

Multiplier-by-12 Module

TX Frontend

M170M03H-TX

All-electronic up- and down-convers ion

LO generation using 2-stage multipliers (x12, x3) and direct-conversion architecture

DSP Algorithms and Modem Functions

THz PtP LoS channel is very similar to fibre-optical channel: relatively flat within the bandwidth of a signal)

Typical single-carrier PHY DSP for optical channels can also be used for THz PtP LoS channel (but additional adaptivity required)

Tx DSP Rx DSP

cl. fr

All-electronic 100 Gb/s THz wireless transmission experiment (offline)

One spatial channel Distance (wireless link): 58 cm Radiated THz power at Tx: ~14 dBm 32 Gbaud – 16 QAM

Raw 128 Gb/s @ BER = 1.110-2

Net 100 Gb/s FEC-corrected

x12 x3

f = 8.11 – 8.71 GHz

f = 2.625 GHz

RT Scope

Offline

module

300 GHz carrier / 23 dBi antennas

Alternative setup: 100 Gb/s transmission using optical upconversion

Two tones are generated with a frequency separation of ~300 GHz in the C-band to generate a corresponding carrier through a process called ‘photomixing’

The input power into the THz transmitter determines the radiated THz power

192.7 193.0 193.3

cw carrier

Frequency / THz

Laser1

Laser2

3 dB Tx Rx

8.368 GHz

Modulated signal

Continuous wave signal

PIN-PDEDFA

EDFAIQ mod

300 GHz

Experimental setupPIN-PD THz emitter

Flat frequency response at frequencies around 300 GHz

Hyper-hemispherical silicon lens couples the THz radiation into free space

Antenna gain = 21 dBi @ 300 GHz (optical input power: up to 15 dBm)

200 400 600 800 1000-30

260 280 300 320 340

THz-Emission at 12 dBm optical power

Frequency (GHz)

300 GHz band

100 Gb/s offline experiments: ResultsBER performance

BER performance of a wireless 64 Gb/s QPSK and 128 Gb/s 16-QAM THz system

SD-FEC threshold 2.2E-2: Net rates of 50 Gb/s (QPSK) and 100 Gb/s (16QAM)

6 9 12 15

-37.5 -33.0 -28.6 -24.1

THz power (dBm)

64 Gb/s QPSK

128 Gb/s 16QAM

FEC ThresholdBE

ROptical power (dBm)

"Error-free"

BER < 1E-7

6 9 12 15

-37.5 -33.0 -28.6 -24.1

THz power (dBm)

64 Gb/s QPSK

128 Gb/s 16QAM

FEC ThresholdBE

"Error-free"

BER < 1E-7

Non-monotonic behavior:

Increasing the Rx power does not always translate into better performance

Three regions: noise-limited, optimum, non-linear

6 9 12 15

-37.5 -33.0 -28.6 -24.1

THz power (dBm)

64 Gb/s QPSK

128 Gb/s 16QAM

FEC ThresholdBE

"Error-free"

BER < 1E-7

6 9 12 15

-37.5 -33.0 -28.6 -24.1

THz power (dBm)

64 Gb/s QPSK

128 Gb/s 16QAM

FEC ThresholdBE

"Error-free"

BER < 1E-7

100 Gb/s offline experiments: ResultsI/Q distortions

The assumption that the performance worsens due to non-linearities is further investigated

Modulation is turned off unmodulated THz carrier

Some non-linear compression can be observed at high received THz power levels

Distortion of the circular shape

Symmetric compression of the signal

Improved component linearity required to support higher-order modulation formats

-1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5-1.5

-37,5 dBm

-33,5 dBm

-28,4 dBm

-24,1 dBm

Ideal circleQuad

Inphase component (a.u.)

OUTLINE

Hybrid optical-THz networks beyond 5G

Conclusions

100 Gb/s real-time THz wireless transmission2x2 MIMO setup

Carrier frequency:

8.31 GHz x 36 = 300 GHz

Tx THz

Rx THz

THz- @ 300 GhzTransmission ~

TrafficPlatform

Breakout

8.31 GHz

over 50 cm

100 Gb/s Real-Time BBU

100 Gb/s Client

Interface

From/ToEthernet

Fibre-optical BBU, originally designed for 34 GBd PDM-QPSK, is used for a THz wireless link

To carry the 34 GBd PDM-QPSK data over a 50 cm-long wireless link, two pairs of Tx/Rx THz elements are used

Each Tx/Rx pair transports one spatial channel

The BBU’s DSP scheme is a standard approach used for contemporary fiber-based 100 Gb/s and 200 GB/s solutions

O/Einterface

100 Gb/s real-time THz wireless transmissionEvaluation of pre-FEC BER

Long-term stable (>150h hours) pre-FEC belowSD-FEC threshold (3.4·10-2)

34.34 GBd PDM QPSK

50 cm THz transmission at 300 GHz

Mean pre-FEC BER around 8.2 ·10-3

During the duration of the experiment, noerroneous bits were found after decoding

Error-free transmission ensured by SD-FEC scheme

0 30 60 90 120 1501E-03

Elapsed time (hours)

Pre-FEC BER

SD-FEC

100 Gb/s real-time THz wireless transmissionExperiments using a 100 GbE traffic generator

Latency from BBU (cross-connection + DSP) and THz system: ~8.5 µs *

Frame loss rate: 1.8 frames per minute (0.03 fps) *

Measured throughput: 86.5 – 98.08 Gb/s (depending on the frame size) *

* This work has been submitted to IEEE Globecom 2019

Towards high-capacity THz wireless networks beyond 5GConclusions

A wide range of applications can be envisioned for THz wireless links with high capacity and high range, in particular in hybrid optical-THz wireless networks beyond 5G

Experimental demonstrations of error-free 100-Gb/s THz Wireless Transmiss ion over 0.5 m

Offline: SISO 32-GBd 16QAM offline

Real time: 2x2 MIMO 32-GBd QPSK

Required next steps in order to increase capacity, range and flexibility :

Use high-gain antennas (55 dBi)

Design highly linear, high output power electronic front-ends for larger constellation sizes

Adaptive PHY DSP to cope with channel dynamics

Next research goal: Use 100 Gb/s real-time THz link demonstrator in real network scenarios

Towards the standardization of THz communicationsConclusions

Fraunhofer HHI would welcome the formation of a Study Group on THz communications

Objective: High-capacity (>100 Gb/s) THz links in the range of hundreds of meters within a hybridoptic-THz wireless network scenario

Use cases : Wireless fronthaul/backhaul links to provide an alternative point-to-point link in casefiber deployment is too complicated/expensive due to the terrain‘s characteristics

Technical SotA: Stability and technical feasibility of THz transmission link has been experimentallydemonstrated for high-capacity data transmission (>100 Gb/s)

Contact:

MSc. Carlos Castrocarlos.castro@hhi.fraunhofer.de+49 30 31002 659

Einsteinufer 3710587 Berlin

Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute, HHI

WE PUT SCIENCE INTO ACTION.

This work was supported by the Fraunhofer Internal Programs under Grant No. MAVO 836 966 and by the EC Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under grant agreement No. 761794.

July 2019 doc.: IEEE 802.15-19-0293 01-0thz 100 Gbs Real ...€¦ · THz wireless data transmission...

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