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JTCVS Techniques
Editor-in-Chief G. Alexander Patterson, MD Washington University School of MedicineSt. Louis, MO, USA
ASSOCIATE EDITORSAdult Congenital
Education
Stephen C. Yang, MD Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Baltimore, MD, USA
James I. Fann, MDStanford University Stanford, CA, USA
Perioperative
Rakesh C. Arora, MD, PhD, FRCSCUniversity of Manitoba College of Medicine/ St. Boniface Hospital Winnipeg, Canada
Thoracic
Stephanie Fuller, MDChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia, PA, USA
Abelardo DeAnda, Jr., MD University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Galveston, TX, USA
Leora B. Balsam, MDUmass Memorial Medical CenterWorcester, MA, USA
James S. Tweddell, MDCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Heart Institute Cincinnati, OH, USA
Gaetano Rocco, MD Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer InstituteNew York, NY, USA
Francis D. Pagani, MD, PhD University of Michigan Health SystemAnn Arbor, MI, USA
Robert Douglas B. Jaquiss, MD University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Sudish Murthy, MD, PhDCleveland ClinicCleveland, OH, USA
Thomas A. D’Amico, MD Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
Vinay Badhwar, MD West Virginia University Morgantown, WV, USA
Scott M. Bradley, MDMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestown, SC, USA
Victor A. Ferraris, MD, PhD University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington, KY, USA
Pavan Atluri, MD University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
Ronald K. Woods, MD, PhD Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI, USA
Robert B. Cameron, MD David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos Angeles, CA, USA
Dawn S. Hui, MD University of Texas Health Science CenterSan Antonio, TX, USA
Adult
Congenital
Thoracic
Biniam Kidane, MD, MSc Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Canada
Tara Karamlou, MDCleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH, USA
Stephen E. Fremes, MD, MScSunny brook Health Science CenterToronto, Canada
Farhood Farjah, MD, MPH, FACSUniversity of WashingtonSeattle, WA, USA
Osman O. Al-Radi, MBBCh, MSc, FRCSCKing Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Umberto Benedetto, MD, PhD Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol Bristol, United Kingdom
Charles M. Wojnarski, MD, MSDuke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
ASSOCIATE STATISTICAL EDITORS
J. Hunter Mehaffey, MD, MScUniversity of Virginia Charlottesville, VA, USA
David Zurakowski, MSc, PhDBoston Children’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Varun Puri, MD, MSCI Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis, MO, USA
Paul A. Kurlansky, MD Columbia UniversityNew York, NY, USA
Travis J. Wilder, MD University of Utah HospitalSalt Lake City, UT, USA
Lisa M. Brown, MD, MASUniversity of California DavisSacramento, CA, USA
Daniel J.P. Burns, MD, MPhil Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH, USA
Robert Bruce Hawkins, MD, MSc University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Elliot Wakeam, MD, MPHUniversity of Michigan Health SystemAnn Arbor, MI, USA
Ethics
Susan Moffatt-Bruce, MD, PhD,MBARoyal College of Surgeons and Physicians of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
Eugene H. Blackstone, MD Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH, USA
Statistics
Vito Domenico Bruno, MD, PhD University of Bristol Bristol, United Kingdom
Mark Onaitis, MD, MSUniversity of California, San DiegoLa Jolla, CA, USA
Anusha Jegatheeswaran, MD, PhD, FRCSCHospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, Canada
Adin-Cristian Andrei, PhDNorthwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
Derrick Tam, MD, PhDUniversity of Toronto Toronto, Canada
Perioperative
DEPUTY STATISTICAL EDITORS
Emilia Bagiella, PhDIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York, NY, USA
Andrew D. Althouse, PhDUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
Federico Ambrogi, PhDUniversity of MilanMilano, Italy
Richard Lee, MD, MBAAugusta UniversityAugusta, GA, USA
Carl L. Backer, MDUniversity of KentuckyKentucky Children’s HospitalLexington, KY, USA
Leonard N. Girardi, MDWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew York, NY, USA
Igor E. Konstantinov, MD, PhD, FRACSUniveristy of Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Australia
Jules Lin, MD University of Michigan Medical CenterAnn Arbor, MI, USA
Michael Lanuti, MDMassachusetts General HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Mario F.L. Gaudino, MD Weill Cornell UniversityNew York, NY, USA
Thomas Ng, MDThe University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA
Can Yerebakan, MD Children’s National Heart Institute Washington, DC, USA
Juan Nicholas Pulido, MD Swedish Medical Center Seattle, WA, USA
Mariya Geube, MD, FASE Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, OH, USA
Adult Congenital
Bryan M. Burt, MDBaylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
ThoracicFEATURE EDITORS
Bahaaldin Alsoufi, MD University of Louisville and Norton Children’s HospitalLouisville, KY, USA
DEPUTY STATISTICAL EDITORS
James Michael Meza, MD, MScDuke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
Carlos M. Mery, MD, MPHTexas Children’s HospitalHouston, TX, USA
Brian W. McCrindle, MD, MPH Hospital for Sick Children, University of TorontoToronto, Canada
Lingeng Lu, MD, PhDYale School of Public HealthNew Haven, CT, USA
David B. Nelson, MD, MScMD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
Samantha Nemeth, MS, MA, MPHColumbia University New York, NY, USA
Mauro Lo Rito, MDIRCCS Policlinico San DonatoMilano, Italy
Benjamin D. Kozower, MD, MPHWashington University School of MedicineSt. Louis, MO, USA
Kevin F. Kennedy, MSMid America Heart InstituteKansas City, MO, USA
Oliver K. Jawitz, MD, MHSDuke University Durham, NC, USA
Craig Jarrett, MD, MBABringham and Women’s Hospital Boston, MA, USA
Penny Houghtaling, MSCleveland Clinic, Heart and Vascular InstituteCleveland, OH, USA
Christoph P. Hornik, MD, MPH Duke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
Elizabeth David, MDKeck School of Medicine,University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA, USA
Marnie Bertolet, PhDUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
Marcelo Cerullo, MD, MPHDuke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
Sari D. Holmes, PhDWest Virginia University MedicineMorgantown, WV, USA
Adrian Hernandez-Diaz, MD, PhDUniversity of ConnecticutStorrs, CT, USA
Vaibhav Gupta, MD, PhDUniversity of TorontoToronto, Canada
Ali Hage, MD, MPHWestern UniversityLondon, Ontario, Canada
William M. DeCampli, MD, PhD The Heart Center at Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children Orlando, FL, USA
Paul J. Devlin, MD, MSc Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
Alvise Guariento, MDHospital for Sick Children University of Toronto Toronto, Canada
Asvin M. Ganapathi MDThe Ohio State UniversityWexner Medical CenterColumbus, OH, USA
Jocelyn Beach, MD, MS Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, OH, USA
Fabio Barili, MD, PhDS. Croce HospitalCuneo, Italy
Mark Berry, MDStanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA
Xiaoting Wu, PhD, MSUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
Mohamed Rahouma, MDWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew York, NY, USA
Vignesh Raman, MD, MHSDuke UniversityDurham, NC, USA
Jeevantham Rajeswaran, PhDCleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH, USA
Thomas J. Richards, PhD University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia, PA, USA
Paul Sergeant, MD, PhDGasthuisberg University HospitalLeuven, Belgium
Melanie Subramanian, MD, MPHSWashington University School of MedicineSt. Louis, MO, USA
Xiaofei Wang, PhDDuke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA
Paul Visintainer, PhDUMass Medical School BaystateSpringfield, MA, USA
Monisha Sudarshan, MD, MPHCleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, Ohio, USA
Mary Plomondon, MSPH, PhD Colorado School of Public Health Aurora, CO, USA
Jacquelyn Quin, MDVA Boston Healthcare System West Roxbury, MA, USA
Seo Young Park, PhDUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Niv Ad, MD West Virginia University Heart and Vascular Institute Morgantown, WV, USA
Iki Adachi, MDTexas Children’s Hospital Houston, TX, USA
Ibrahim Abdullah, MD Banner Children’s Cardon Children’s Medical Center Mesa, AZ, USA
Abbas Abbas, MDTemple University Philadelphia, PA, USA
Petros Anagnostopoulos, MD, MBA University of WisconsinMadison, WI, USA
Hossein Almassi, MD Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI, USA
Nicholas D. Andersen, MD Duke University School of MedicineDurham, NC, USA
Manuel J. Antunes, MD, PhD, DScUniversity Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Coimbra, Portugal
Amedeo Anselmi, MD, PhD Potchaillou University Hospital Rennes, France
Mara B. Antonoff, MD, FACSUniversity of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
Usman Ahmad, MDCleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH, USA
Gabriel S. Aldea, MDUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattle, WA, USA
Helen Parise, ScDBiostatistics and Clinical Trials ConsultantLas Vegas, NV, USA
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Thomas M. Beaver, MD, MPH University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville, FL, USA
Jay Bhama, MD University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, AR, USA
Ko Bando, MD, PhDJikei University School of MedicineTokyo, Japan
David James Barron, MDThe Hospital for Sick KidsToronto, Canada
Matthew J. Bott, MD Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, NY, USA
Erle H. Austin III, MD University of Louisville, Norton Children’s Hospital Louisville, KY, USA
John Augoustides, MD, FASE, FAHAUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
Awais Ashfaq, MDJohns Hopkins All Children’s HospitalSt Petersburg, FL, USA
Frank A. Baciewicz, Jr., MD Wayne State University/ Harper University Hospital/ Sinai-Grace HospitalDetroit, MI, USA
Faisal G. Bakaeen, MDCleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, Ohio, USA
Emile A. Bacha, MDColumbia UniversityNew York, NY, USA
Jean Bachet, MD, FEBTCS (retired)Institut Mutualiste Montsouris Paris, France
Thierry Bove, MD, PhDUniversity Hospital of GhentGhent, Belgium
John Bozinovski, MD, MSc The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbus, OH, USA
David P. Bichell, MDChildren’s Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville, TN, USA
Sary F. Aranki, MDBringham and Women’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Anelechi C. Anyanwu, MD, FRCSIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, NY, USA
Tohru Asai, MD, PhDJuntendo UniversityTokyo, Japan
Andrea Carpenter, MD, PhD University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, TX, USA
Thierry-Piere Carrel, MD University Hospital Berne Berne, Switzerland
Sergio A. Carrillo, MD, FACS, FACCThe Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OH, USA
Harold M. Burkhart, MDUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma City, OK, USA
John Butterworth, MDVirginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond, VA, USA
Duke E. Cameron, MD Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA, USA
Stephen R. Broderick, MD, MPHSJohn Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimore, MD, USA
Alessandro Brunelli, MD St. James’s University Hospital Leeds, United Kingdom
Roosevelt Bryant III, MDUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnati, OH, USA
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Edward P. Chen, MDDuke University Durham, NC, USA
Haiquan Chen, MD, PhDFudan University, Shanghai, China
Jonathan M. Chen, MDChildren’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA, USA
Ke-Neng Chen, MD, PhDBeijing Cancer Hospital Beijing, China
Toyofumi F. Chen-Yoshikawa, MD, PhDNagoya UniversityNagoya, Japan
Michael N. D’Ambra, MD Bringham and Women’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Hiroshi Date, MD, PhDKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyoto, Japan
Tirone E. David, MD University of TorontoToronto, Canada
Francois Dagenais, MDLaval HospitalQuebec City, Canada
Mark A. Chaney, MD University of ChicagoChicago, IL, USA
Paul Checchia, MDBaylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
Subhasis Chatterjee, MD, FACS, FACC, FCCPBaylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
Andrew C. Chang, MD University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
Paul J. Chai, MDColumbia University Medical Center, Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital - NYPNew York, NY, USA
Robert J. Cerfolio, MD, MBANew York University-Langone Medical CenterNew York, NY, USA
Juan A. Crestanello, MDThe Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA
Joseph S. Coselli, MDBaylor College of Medicine; Texas Heart InstituteHouston, TX, USA
Francisco Diniz Affonso da Costa, MDINC-CardioCuritiba, Brazil
Joseph Brian Clark, MDPenn State Children’s HospitalHershey, PA, USA
Joanna Chikwe, MD, FRCSIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York, NY, USA
Ryan R. Davies, MD University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas, TX, USA
Joseph A. Dearani, MDMayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
Gabriele Di Giammarco, MD Universita degli Studi Gabriele d’Annunzio Chieti e PescarChieti, Italy
Chadrick Denlinger, MD Medial University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
Todd Demmy, MD University of BuffaloBuffalo, NY, USA
Victor Dayan, MD, PhD, FACCCentro Cardiovascular UniversitarioMontevideo, Uruguay
Jonathan D’Cunha, MD, PhD Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenix, AZ, USA
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Christoph Haller, MD The Hospital for Sick ChildrenToronto, Canada
Arnar Geirsson, MD, FACS, FAHAYale UniversityNew Haven, CT, USA
Charles Fraser, MD, FACSThe University of TexasAustin, TX, USA
David Faraoni, MD, PhD, FAHA Texas Children’s HospitalHouston, TX, USA
Jonathan W. Haft, MD University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
James Hammel, MDChildren’s Hospital and Medical CenterOmaha, NE, USA
Waël C. Hanna, MDCM, MBA, FRCSCMcMaster University, St. Joseph’s Healhcare Hamilton, Canada
Ravi Kiran Ghanta, MDBaylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
Donald D. Glower, Jr., MDDuke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
Eugene A. Grossi, MD New York University-Langone Medical Center New York, NY, USA
Kevin L. Greason, MDMayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
Camille L. Hancock Friesen, MDUT Southwestern, Children’s HealthDallas, TX, USA
J. William Gaynor, MDChildren’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA, USA
Francesco Formica, MDSan Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-BicoccaMonza, Italy
Shawn Spencer Groth, MD, MS, FACSBaylor College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
Raja M. Flores, MD Mount Sinai Medical CenterNew York, NY, USA
Paul W.M. Fedak, MD, PhD University of Calgary Calgary, Canada
Anthony L. Estrera, MD, FACS McGovern Medical School at UTHealth and Memorial Hermann Heart & Vascular InstituteHouston, TX, USA
Sitaram M. Emani, MDBoston Children’s Hospital Boston, MA, USA
Aaron Eckhauser, MD, MSCIUniversity of Utah/Primary Children’s HospitalSalt Lake City, UT, USA
Daniel T. Engelman, MDBaystate Medical CenterSpringfield, MA, USA
Michele Di Mauro, MD, PhD University of ChietiChieti, Italy
James A. DiNardo, MD Children’s Hospital Boston Boston, MA, USA
Yves d’Udekem, MD, PhDRoyal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Australia
Matthew Hartwig, MD, MHS, FACSDuke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
J.W. Hayanga, MD, MPH, FACSWest Virginia University Morgantown, WV, USA
Meghana Helder, MDNorth Central Heart InstituteSioux Falls, SD, USA
George Leslie Hicks, Jr., MD University of Rochester Medical Center, Strong Memorial HospitalRochester, NY, USA
Chuong D. Hoang, MDNational Institutes of Health - National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer ResearchBethesda, MD, USA
Konrad Hoetzenecker, MD, PhD Medical University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Richard Lazzaro, MDLenox Hill HospitalNorthwell HealthNew York, NY, USA
Jerrold Levy, MD, FAHA, FCCMDuke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
Harold L. Lazar, MDBoston Medical CenterBoston, MA, USA
Oliver J. Liakopoulos, MDHeart Center University of CologneCologne, Germany
Natalie Lui, MD, MASStanford University Stanford, CA, USA
Jennifer S. Lawton, MDJohns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
Damien J. LaPar, MD, MScColumbia University Medical CenterNew York, NY, USA
Kevin P. Landolfo, MD, MScMayo ClinicJacksonville, FL, USA
Michael Hsin, MDQueen Mary HospitalHong Kong
Charles Huddleston, MD St. Louis University St. Louis, MO, USA
Joon Bum Kim, MD, PhD Asan Medical Center Seoul, South Korea
Anthony W. Kim, MDKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA, USA
James K. Kirklin, MDUniversity of Alabama in BirminghamBirmingham, AL, USA
Jacob Klapper, MDDuke University Durham, NC, USA
Irving L. Kron, MD University of Arizona Sarver Heart CenterTucson, AZ, USA
David L. Joyce, MD, MBAMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, USA
S. Adil Husain, MDUniversity of Utah Health/Primary Children’s HospitalSalt Lake City, UT, USA
S. Ram Kumar, MD, PhD, FACSKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern California / Heart Institute, Children’s Hospital of Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
Minoo N. Kavarana, MD, FACS Medical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
Robert S. Kramer, MD, FACS Maine Medical CenterPortland, ME, USA
Nicholas Kouchoukos, MD Washington UniversitySt. Louis, MO, USA
David Kalfa, MD, PhDColumbia University Medical CenterNew York, NY, USA
David Kalfa, MD, PhDColumbia University Medical CenterNew York, NY, USA
Arman Kilic, MDMedical University of South CarolinaCharleston, SC, USA
TK Susheel Kumar, MDNew York University-Langone Medical CenterNew York, NY, USA
Katsuhide Maeda, MD, PhDStanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA
Richard D. Mainwaring, MDStanford University Stanford, CA, USA
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
P. Michael McFadden, MD University of Sourthern California, Keck School of Medincine Los Angeles, CA, USA
Patrick M. McCarthy, MD Northwestern University / Northwestern Memorial HospitalChicago, IL, USA
Rizwan A. Manji MD, PhD, FRCSC, MBA University of ManitobaWinnipeg, Canada
M. Blair Marshall, MD Brigham and Women’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Antonio Miceli, MD, PhD Istituto Clinico Sant’Ambrogio, Gruppo Ospedaliero San Donato Milano, Italy
Ari A. Mennander, MD, PhD Tampere University Hospital Tampere, Finland
Carlos A. Mestres, MD, PhD FETCSUniversity Hospital Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
R. Scott Mitchell, MDStanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA
Daniela Molena, MDMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, NY, USA
Marc R. Moon, MD Washington University School MedicineSt. Louis, MO, USA
David L.S. Morales, MD Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, OH, USA
Ralph S. Mosca, MDNew York University- Langone Medical CenterNew York, NY, USA
Katie S. Nason, MD, MPHBaystate Medical Center Springfield, MA, USA
Brian Mitzman, MDUniversity of UtahSalt Lake City, UT, USA
K. Annette Mizuguchi, MD, PhD, MMSc, FASE Brigham and Women’s HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Siamak Mohammadi, MD, FRCSCQuebec Heart and Lung InstituteQuebec City, Canada
Shuab Omer, MD Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
Tom C. Nguyen, MD, FACS, FACCUniversity of TexasHouston, TX, USA
Muralidhar Padala, PhDEmory UniversityAtlanta, GA, USA
Davide Pacini, MD, PhDUniversity of BolognaBologna, Italy
Ikenna Okereke, MD, FACSHenry Ford Health SystemDetroit, MI, USA
Ashok Muniappan, MDMassachusetts General HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Bryan F. Meyers, MD, MPHWashington University School of MedicineSaint Louis, MO, USA
Christopher Mascio, MDWest Virginia University Medicine Children’s Heart CenterMorgantown, WV, USA
Gaetano Paone, MD, MHSAEmory UniversityAtlanta, GA, USA
Subroto Paul, MD, MPHRJWBarnabas Health West Orange, NJ, USA
Christian Pizarro, MDAlfred I. DuPont Hospital for ChildrenThomas Jefferson UniversityWilmington, DE, USA
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Hans-Joachim Schäfers, MD Saarland University Medical CenterHomburg/Saar, Germany
Oz M. Shapira, MD Hadassah Medical CenterJerusalem, Israel
Richard J. Shemin, MDUniversity of California Los AngelesLos Angeles, CA, USA
Tomas A. Salerno, MD University of Miami / Jackson Memorial HospitalMiami, FL, USA
Ming-Sing Si, MDC.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
Smita Sihag, MD, MPHMemorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, NY, USA
Edward Y. Sako, MD, PhD University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan Antonio, TX, USA
Fraser D. Rubens, MD, MSc, FACS, FRCSCUniversity of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa, Canada
Harold Roberts, MD Washington University School of MedicineSt. Louis, MO, USA
Daniel Raymond, MD Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH, USA
Michael J. Reardon, MDHouston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular CenterHouston, TX, USA
Siva Raja, MD, PhD, FACSCleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, OH, USA
Scott I. Reznik, MDUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallas, TX, USA
R. Taylor Ripley, MDNational Institutes of Health - National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer ResearchBethesda, MD, USA
T. Brett Reece, MDUniversity of ColoradoAurora, CO, USA
Jack Shanewise, MD, FASE Columbia University New York, NY, USA
Ourania Preventza, MD, MBA, FACS Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA
Alan M. Speir, MDInova Health SystemFalls Church, VA, USA
Louis Stein, MD, PhD Albany Medical CollegeAlbany, NY, USA
James St. Louis, MD Children’s Mercy HospitalKansas City, MO, USA
Ashish S. Shah, MDVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashville, TN, USA
Keshava Rajagopal, MD, PhDUniversity of Houston College of MedicineHouston, TX, USA
Danny Ramzy, MD, PhDCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles, CA, USA
Neel R. Sodha, MDBrown UniversityProvidence, RI, USA
Elizabeth Stephens, MD, PhDMayo ClinicRochester, MN, USA
Ibrahim Sultan, MD University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
Rakesh M. Suri, MD, D.Phil Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH, USA
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Grayson H. Wheatley III, MD, FACS, FACC, FAHA, FSCAI Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphia, PA, USA
Bryan A. Whitson, MD, PhD The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbus, OH, USA
David D. Yuh, MD Stamford Hospital Stamford, CT, USA
Michael H. Yamashita, MDCM, MPH, CPH, FRCSCUniversity of ManitobaCollege of Medicine/St. Boniface HospitalWinnipeg, Canada
David Scott Winlaw, MBBS, MD, FRACSCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, OH, USA
Sai Yendamuri, MBBSRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffalo, NY, USA
Jakob Vinten-Johansen, PhD Emory UniversityGrayson, GA, USA
Benjamin Wei, MDUniversity of Alabama– BirminghamBirmingham, AL, USA
Nirmal Veeramachaneni, MD University of KansasKansas City, KS, USA
Benny Weksler, MBA, MD Allegheny Health Network/Allegheny General HospitalPittsburgh, PA, USA
Song Wan, MD, FRCS, FACC The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
Aaron J. Weiss, MD Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland, OH, USA
Chi-Fu Yang, MD Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MA, USA
Betty Caroline Tong, MD, MS, MHSDuke University Medical Center Durham, NC, USA
Joseph Turek, MD, PhD Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC, USA
Hiroo Takayama, MD, PhD Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital New York, NY, USA
Vinod H. Thourani, MD Piedmont Heart InstituteAtlanta, GA, USA
Nicholas R. Teman, MD University of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA, USA
Lars G. Svensson, MD, PhD Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland, OH, USA
Frederick A. Tibayan, MDOregon Health & Science UniversityPortland, OR, USA
Dirk Van Raemdonck, MDUZ LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
Tomasz A. Timek, MD Spectrum Health GroupGrand Rapids, MI, USA
Victor van Berkel, MD, PhD Univeristy of Louisville Louisville, KY, USA
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