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Joseph in Egypt
Joseph in Potiphers House
Joseph's success
Joseph's temptation
Joseph in Prison
Again find success (the Lord made it succeed - 39:23)
Interprets dreams of cup bearer and chief baker
The Egyptian Sojourn
Joseph in Egypt
Joseph Interprets Pharoah's Dream
Put in charge of Egypt
Married to Egyptian wife (daughter of the priest of On)
Joseph and His Brothers
GOD'S SOVEREIGNTY Dreams were fulfilled!
Reuben's goodness becomes apparent
Judah has taken leadership
The Egyptian Sojourn
EGYPT
Israel Moves to Egypt
Hebron
Beersheba
GOSHEN
10 Brothers (minus Benjamin) go to Egypt to get grain9 Brothers (minus Simeon) return to get Benjamin 10 Brothers (including Benjamin) return to Egypt after some time11 Brothers return to Jacob and tell him Joseph is aliveJacob goes to Beersheba to sacrifice to God, who appears to him in a dreamAll of Jacob’s household goes to Egypt to dwell in Goshen
Length of Sojourn in Egypt
Sojourn = Spending time in a foreign land
Of the two options – 430 years or 215 years – 430 years is most biblical and the best supported
The Egyptian Sojourn
Arguments for 215 year sojourn
Some Church Fathers held to a 215 year sojourn
Too short for four generations
Exodus 6:16-20—Levi ► Kohath ► Amram ► Moses
Genesis 15:16—predicts sojourn of four generations
Rebuttal:
Other Church Fathers held to the 430 year sojourn
Length of life and grandsons counted as sons
The Egyptian Sojourn
Arguments for 430 year sojourn
Inerrancy of Scripture
Exodus 12:40-41—430 years “to the day”
Genesis 15:13—predicts 400 year sojourn
Acts 7:6—Stephen references 400 year sojourn
Fits best with Egyptian History (see below)
The Egyptian Sojourn
Biblical Arguments for the Early Date: 1446 BC
1 Kings 6:1
Exodus precedes building of the temple (966) by 480 years
Late date - 480 years is symbolic of 12 generations
Judges 11:26
300 from the conquest to the time of Jephthah
Early date advocates simply deny this passage’s historicity by referring to the number as symbolic.
Early Date
Length of the Period of Judges
The late date allows only 200 years between the Exodus and the beginning of the reign of Saul.
Wandering + Conquest + Samson to Saul = 61 years
200 – 61 = 139 years for entire period of the judges
The early date, in contrast, allows for 335 years for the period of the judges.
Early Date
Better Fit with Egyptian History
Only the reign of Thutmose III is long enough to account for 40 years Moses spent in Midian waiting for the Pharaoh to die.
The transitions from the Middle Kingdom ► Hyksos Period ► 18th Dynasty better explains the social forces that could have brought about the circumstances surrounding the Exodus.
Early Date
Better Fit with Egyptian History
The Merneptah Stela of 1220 BC indicates that Israel is already a nation in Palestine.
Amarna tablets speak of “Habiru” causing chaos in Palestine during the time of the early date conquest.
Dream Stela of Thutmose IV indicates he was not the legal heir to the throne – legal heir would have died in the 10th plague.
Early Date
Arguments for the Late Date: c. 1250 BC
One of the cities the Israelites built was “Raamses,” which no pharaoh was named until 1317 BC
Genesis 47:11 shows that the name “Raamses” was used before Raamses II
Names were built with common words and were not merely names of people
Late Date
Arguments for the Late Date: c. 1250 BC
Lachish, Debir, Hazor lack destruction layers from the time period suggested by the early date.
Over-confidence in the archeologist’s ability to give accurate dates and timelines from their digs.
Other factors (i.e.; rebuilding process) could have effected the presence of a burn layer
Late Date
Arguments for the Late Date: c. 1250 BC
The Transjordan was seemingly uninhabited at the time of the conquest
There has been no serious searching of the Transjordan
Much of the habitation of this area would have been in the form of non-permanent settlings
Late Date
Arguments for the Late Date: c. 1250 BC
The Egyptian capital during the early date time period was located in Upper Egypt, far from Goshen
Ancient rulers did not remain in their capitals at all times often staying away for extensive periods of time
Egyptian rulers had “secondary capitals” similar to the American President’s “Camp David”
Late Date
Arguments for the Late Date: c. 1250 BC
Habiru in the Amarna Tablets are a broad category of people that clearly are not limited to the Israelites
“Habiru” was likely a label, such as invaders or vandals
“Habiru” could be different from Israel, even fitting in as the first oppressors of Judges by the early date
Late Date
Arguments for the Late Date: c. 1250 BC
Military campaigns of Seti I and Raamses II that went through Palestine would have occurred during the period of the Judges, yet they are not mentioned.
The purpose of Judges was to record those historical events that proved the faithfulness of God to the
Abrahamic and Mosaic covenants
These campaigns are likely not included because they were not linked to a time of oppression and were not used as an agent of judgment for the sins of Israel
Late Date
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