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John Doyle 道陽Jean-Lou Chameau Professor
Control and Dynamical Systems, EE, & BioE
tech1#Ca
Universal laws and architectures:Theory and lessons from
brains, bugs, nets, grids, planes, docs, fire, bodies, fashion,
earthquakes, turbulence, music, buildings, cities, art, running, throwing, Synesthesia, spacecraft, statistical mechanics
A minimal prologue
Diverse applications
AerospaceRoboticsBiologyFluidsPhysicsMedicineInternetSmartgridEcologyNeuroscience
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Monday
Diverse applications Diverse mathematics
AerospaceRoboticsBiologyFluidsPhysicsMedicineInternetSmartgridEcologyNeuroscience
ODE/PDEAutomataAnalysisOptimizationProb&StatsOperator ThDiff GeomAlg GeomCmp Cplxty
Details are not serious
CDS
Diverse applications(not just engineering)
Diverse mathematics(not just “applied”)
ODE/PDEAutomataAnalysisOptimizationProb&StatsOperator ThDiff GeomAlg GeomCmp Cplxty“Universal
laws and architectures”
AerospaceRoboticsBiologyFluidsPhysicsMedicineInternetSmartgridEcologyNeuroscience
CDS
Diverse applications
Domain experts have “core”
interface to diverse math and tools
AerospaceRoboticsBiologyFluidsPhysicsMedicineInternetSmartgridEcologyNeuroscience
CDS
Diverse mathematics
Math (not just applied) has “core” interface to diverse application drivers
ODE/PDEAutomataAnalysisOptimizationProb&StatsOperator ThDiff GeomAlg GeomCmp Cplxty
CDS as architecture• Architecture= “constraints that deconstrain”
– Constraint = CDS core concepts and math– Deconstraint = connections between new applications
and (also possibly new) math
• How to explain this?• Laws: Universal constraints on achievable
robust performance and efficiency• Architectures: Universal organizational
strategies to flexibly achieve what is possible• Case studies: concrete and familiar examples to
illustrate “universals”8
Core protocols
• From Architecture slides, understanding the “OS” is difficult and essential
• But term “OS” seems to confuse• Replace with “core protocols”?• Highly conserved/constrained core (knot)• Highly diverse/deconstrained edges
• What is “CDS” in this context?9
Fast
Slow
Flexible Inflexible
General Special
Apps
OS
HW
Horizontal App
Transfer
Horizontal Hardware Transfer
Fast
Slow
Flexible Inflexible
General Special
Apps
OS
HW
Tradeoffs
Fast
Slow
Flexible Inflexible
General Special
Apps
OS
HW
Tradeoffs = “laws?”
Slow
Fast
Flexible InflexibleGeneral Special
AppsOSHWDig.Lump.Distrib.
OSHWDig.Lump.Distrib.
DigitalLump.Distrib.
LumpedDistrib. Distrib.
HGT DNA repair Mutation DNA replication Transcription
Translation
Metabolism Signal
SenseMotor
Prefrontal
Fast
Learn
Reflex
Evolve
vision
VOR
Layered architectures
OS
Horizontal App
Transfer
Horizontal Hardware Transfer
Constrained
Deconstrained
Deconstrained
Architecture = Constraints that deconstrain
Horizontal Transfer
Horizontal Transfer
Constrained
Deconstrained
Deconstrained
“Hourglass”Universal architectures
Con
stra
ined
Dec
onst
rain
ed
Dec
onst
rain
ed
“Bowtie”
Horizontal versus vertical is an arbitrary convention.
CDS
Diverse applications(not just engineering)
Diverse mathematics(not just “applied”)
ODE/PDEAutomataAnalysisOptimizationProb&StatsOperator ThDiff GeomAlg GeomCmp Cplxty“Universal
laws and architectures”
AerospaceRoboticsBiologyFluidsPhysicsMedicineInternetSmartgridEcologyNeuroscience
“Pasteur’s quadrant?” (Donald Stokes)
Typically poor choice of colors and font sizes
“Pasteur’s quadrant?” (Donald Stokes)
Low
High
Edison
Bohr
Practical use
FundamentalUnderstanding
Low
High
Relative emphasis
Use inspired basic research
(Pasteur)
Low
High
Edison
PasteurBohr
Practical use
FundamentalUnderstanding
Low
High
“Pasteur’s quadrant?” Redrawn
Relative emphasis
Pasteur aimed for
both
Apps CDS Math
Practical use
FundamentalUnderstanding
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
CDSMath
Practical impact
Specific
Now
CDS’ quadrant?
Scope
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
CDSMath
Practical impact
Specific
Now
Fast
Slow
Flexible InflexibleGeneral Special
SW Apps
OS
HW
Related but somewhat flipped
Scope
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
Math
Specific
Now
Circa 1975
Modern control theory
Practical impact
Scope
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
Math
Specific
Now
Circa 1990 Complexity science
Robust control
theory
Modern control theory
Practical impact
Scope
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
Math
Specific
Now
2014
CDS
Complexity science
Networkscience
Never
Nothing
Practical impact
Scope
Later
Deep,Universal
Specific
Now
Complexity science
Networkscience
Never
Nothing
Practical impact
Scope
Humans love this corner!
CMS
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
Math
Practical impact
Specific
Now
Near future?
CDS
Complexity science
Networkscience
CMS
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
Math
Practical impact
Specific
Now
The dream?
CDS
Complexity science
Networkscience
Horizontal Transfer
Horizontal Transfer
Constrained
Deconstrained
Deconstrained
Universal architectures
Universal laws
Fast
Slow
Flexible InflexibleGeneral Special
SW Apps
OS
HW
Slow
Fast
Flexible InflexibleGeneral Special
AppsOSHWDig.Lump.Distrib.
OSHWDig.Lump.Distrib.
DigitalLump.Distrib.
LumpedDistrib. Distrib.
HGT DNA repair Mutation DNA replication Transcription
Translation
Metabolism Signal
SenseMotor
Prefrontal
Fast
Learn
Reflex
Evolve
vision
VOR
Layered architectures
CDS
Diverse applications
“core” interface to
minimal math and tools
AerospaceRoboticsBiologyFluidsPhysicsMedicineInternetSmartgridEcologyNeuroscience
Morning
Universal laws and
architectures
Undergrad math
CDS
Diverse mathematics
Networks,Distributed
Cutting edge theory foundations
ODE/PDEAutomataAnalysisOptimizationProb&StatsOperator ThDiff GeomAlg GeomCmp Cplxty
Afternoon
CMS
Later
Deep,Universal
Apps
Math
Practical impact
Specific
Now
The dream?
CDS
Complexity science
Networkscience
Caveats
• Many ideas are classic “robust control”, but much of the organization (the architecture) is fairly new
• Motivating case studies also new
• Many rough edges• Nobody is working on it quite like this• We want to change that
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