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Kingdomplantae
Adaptations
waxy cuticle prevents H2o loss
Stoma Pore like cells for gas exchange 88
Seeds Allow for offspring to germinate in good conditions
fascular Tissues Allows H2O nutrient transport
Non Vascular Plants
No vascular tissueslimits plant heightTransport H2o nutrients through diffusionReproduce with spores not seedsHave root like rhizoidNeed H2o to reproduce
i is ii i i.nfcain i aforms Most primitive sporophyte lookssporophyte
a
gsporophfyte Either leafy or
like a spikefor thatlose Slime calledT
gametophyte Mucilage thathouses cyanobacter
Seedless Vascular Plants
vascular tissues Sporophyte dominant
Reproduce with spore
Many have a storage stem called a rhizome
Division Lycophyta Division Pterophytaclub mosses
ferns
is sfII
te
i ermhold spores
Horsetails
form a strobe to hold
spores
Vascularseedplantsseedsvascular tissue
cotyledons nutrient source for seed
Monocot I cotyledon
Dicot 2 Cotyledons
GymnospermsConebearingplantsconiferophytaGingkophytacycadophytaCnetophyta
AngiosperarfloweringplantslmakefriAnthophyta
Sporophyte dominant
Annual 1 year lifespan
Biennial 2a
Perennial Many a a
Plant tissues Cells
Transport Protection GrowthG dt Lilavati Dermatitis M ue
Epidermis
i t f i i isclerenchyma Phloem roothairs Increases shoot thickness
SupportSugar transportTranslocation Vascularcambium
Cork cambiumIntercalary cambium
Roots Stems Leaves
RootsUptake of H2oAnchor the plant
Root cell layers EpidermisI
cortex
Endodermist
Casparian stripFilter for incomingwater
Fibrous Root System mmmm Taproot system fmm
pshallow network of roots 1 main rootwet conditions
Dry conditions
Pneumatophoreroots grow out of ground
AdventitiousRoot grow out of
the Stem
StearsTransportElevates the leaves
storage
ModifiedsTuber Food storage
bulbs food storagecorm
u n
runner Reprodrhizome Reprodfoodstorage
Leavey
I'tieBlade
Petiole
cellsttissvesfoundinleo.veMesophyll Photosynthetic cellPalisade BDSpongy o
stomataCuticleVascular tissues
PlantreproductionSporophyte2T I
release sporesFertilization
G In JGa tophyte
structures
sporangium MossSuri fernsStrobilus dubm.gs horsefays
Make store spores
seed Plants
8Microspore Megaspore
pollen grainscontainssperm
Ei
Doublefertilization2 sperm cells fertilize egg
1 Fertilizes egg1 fertilizes food supply
Antheridia ArchegoniaProduces spermcells Produces egg cells
YegetativeReproductProducing a clone of parent with a piece of the parent
FastIdentical genes
photoperiodcritical period amount of light
needed to start Flowering
Long day plantsshort u u
Intermediate a u
Day neutral plants
Germination
f hypocotylHater heat Toe
Seed coat splitsf radicle
First root emerges radicle
first shoot hypocotyl
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