IONS An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or molecule. That means the number of...

IONS

• An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or molecule. That means the number of electrons and protons of at least one atom in the molecule are not equal.

Know your groups

• Now that we know how atoms gain and lose electrons we can predict how and with what elements will combine

• Ionic bonding is always between a metal and non metal

Positive and Negative ions

• Cations are positive Ions

• Anions are negative ions

Valence electrons

• The Octet Rule is a tendency of atoms in molecules to have eight electrons in their valence shells. (Two for hydrogen atoms.) The octet rule is a general rule, but is not followed by all molecules.

Ionic bonds

• When a non metal and metal combine to make an ionic bond, electrons are transferred.

• This means that in the making of Ionic molecules like NaCl ions are produced

• This is demonstrated by salt water and electricity

Ionic bonds

• Named so because Ions are produced in the formation of these metal and non metal compounds

• Once you know the valences of the elements you can figure out how those elements combine

Ionic Naming

Ionic naming

Molecular bonding

• This is bonding between two non-metals

• This is also called covalent bonding

• Here atoms / elements share electrons instead of give them away or take them

Molecular = covalent

• Covalent Bonds are chemical bonds formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons between atoms. The nuclei of two different atoms are attracting the same electrons. Therefore, unlike ionic bonds where an electron is moved from one atom to another the electrons are shared.

Molecular naming

• Molecular naming is easier, but the bonding can be a bit more difficult

Prefixes

mono- 1 hepta- 7 di- 2 octa- 8 tri- 3 nona- 9 tetra- 4 deca- 10 penta- 5 undeca- 11 hexa- 6dodeca- 12

return

Example #1-Names to Formulas

Sulfur trioxide

S O1 3

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final FormulaIf no prefix, then 1 is

implied and not written

Example #2-Names to Formulas

dichlorine heptaoxide

Cl O2 7

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final Formula

Example #3-Names to Formulas

oxygen difluoride

O F1 2

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final FormulaIf no prefix, then 1 is

implied and not written

Example #4-Names to Formulas

dinitrogen tetraoxide

N O2 4

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final Formula

Example #5-Names to Formulas

phosphorus pentachloride

PCl1 5

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final FormulaIf no prefix, then 1 is

implied and not written

Example #6-Names to Formulas

dinitrogen monoxide

N O2 1

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final FormulaIf no prefix, then 1 is

implied and not written

Example #7-Names to Formulas

carbon monoxide

C O1 1

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final FormulaIf no prefix, then 1 is

implied and not written

Example #8-Names to Formulas

sulfur hexafluoride

S F1 6

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final FormulaIf no prefix, then 1 is

implied and not written

Example #10-Names to Formulas

dinitrogen trisulfide

N S2 3

I’m a Binary Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write symbols of elements

Final Formula

Examples #1- Formulas to Names

CCl4

carbon

mono

tetra

I’m a Binary

Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write names of elements

Final Name

chlorineideIf first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #2- Formulas to Names

XeF3

xenonmono

tri

I’m a Binary

Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write names of elements

Final Name

fluorineideIf first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #4- Formulas to Names

AsI3

arsenic

mono

tri

I’m a Binary

Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write names of elements

Final Name

iodineideIf first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #6- Formulas to Names

IF5

iodinemono

penta

I’m a Binary

Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write names of elements

Final Name

fluorineideIf first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written

Examples #8- Formulas to Names

N2S5

nitrogen

di penta

I’m a Binary

Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write names of elements

Final Name

sulfuride

Examples #9- Formulas to Names

SiCl4

silicon

mono

tetra

I’m a Binary

Compound

2. Write number of atoms

1. Write names of elements

Final Name

chlorineideIf first prefix is mono, it is implied and not written