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INTO:
A way to represent institutional knowledge base
by
Biswanath Duttae-mail: dutta2005@gmail.com
Documentation Research and Training CentreIndian Statistical Institute
Bangalore- 560 059
Workshop on Ontology, 19th – 21st March 2008. DRTC, ISI, Bangalore
Introduction
Today “I am feeling lucky”! Oh… my God!! “What is this?” Why cannot you give me the desired document?? Oh… I got it. Ontology is great.
But,…Why Ontology??
To share common understanding of the structure of information among people or software agents (Musen 1992; Gruber 1993)
To enable reuse of domain knowledge
To make domain assumptions explicit
To analyze domain knowledge
Objective…To
To show how the knowledge of an informal domain can be organized and retrieve them meaningfully to serve our various purposes
To show how the traditional classification system can be put in use for organizing the Web information
Methodology
Derived a set of potential questions (what do you want?)
Analysed the questions
Categorised them
Identified and collected the concepts and built relations
Followed controlled vocabularies for standardization
Applied classification principles (faceted)
Modelled the Ontology using OWL-DL
Integrated with SW browser (faceted web browser)
Languages and Tools Used
OWL-DL
Protégé 3.4 beta – a free, open source ontology editor and knowledge-
base framework
Pellet reasoner: open-source java based OWL-DL Reasoner
(http://www.mindswap.org/2003/pellet/)
SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol And RDF Query Language)
Colon Classification (7th ed.) Scheme
Longwell faceted web browser
Few Queries
Who are the experts on ontology in ISI along with their publications, home page (if any) and their e-mail addresses?
What are the different courses offered by ISI centre wise?
Who are the faculty members of a (particular) unit?
Is Dr. Prasad of DRTC earlier worked for some other organization? If yes how many years he worked there and what was his job profile?
Currently who is the head of DRTC and his contact details?
etc,…
Methodology
Derived a set of potential questions (what do you want?)
Analysed the questions
Categorised them
Identified and collected the concepts and built relations
Followed controlled vocabularies for standardization
Applied classification principles
Modelled the Ontology using OWL-DL
Integrated with SW browser (faceted web browser)
Ontology Metrics
Figure: showing metrics of classes and properties
Teacher and Student Class
Instance Tree
1 2
Example
Query:
Who are the experts on ontology in ISI along with their publications, home page (if any) and their e-mail addresses?
Analysis of the Query
To identify the experts, we tried to search for those people who are working on/or has research interest on Ontology along with their publication related to ontology (optional). Publication might provide their expertise in that area. Some other factors might also be considered, such as what events/ conference/ workshop they attended in recent past, etc.
SPARQL: SPARQL Protocol And RDF Query Language
SPARQL is a query language
It is a protocol for accessing RDF (Resource Description Framework) data
It is designed by the W3C RDF Data Access Working Group
SPARQL builds on previous RDF query languages such as rdfDB, RDQL, and SeRQL
Further information is available in: http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/
Query using SPARQL
PREFIX a: <http://localhost/Institute#>
SELECT ?Topic ?Name ?Publication ?Homepage ?emailWHERE { ?person a:researchInterestIn ?ResearchInterest . ?ResearchInterest a:title ?Topic . FILTER regex(?Topic, "ontology", "i") . ?person a:name ?Name
OPTIONAL { ?person a:publication ?Publication ; a:homepage ?Homepage } ?person a:email ?email }ORDER BY ?Name
Result from Pellet Reasoner
??
But…, is it possible for end users to form such type of query (SPARQL query, etc.) ?
If no, what would be the possible solution?
Longwell
Longwell is a web-based RDF-powered highly-configurable faceted browser
It is the part of SIMILE project of MIT
It mixes the flexibility of the RDF data model with the effectiveness of the faceted browsing UI paradigm
It enables to visualize and browse any arbitrarily complex RDF dataset
It allows to build a user-friendly web site out of our data within minutes and without requiring any code at all
More information available on: http://simile.mit.edu/wiki/Longwell
“INTO” with Longwell
Easy to integrate OWL Ontology with Longwell Web Browser
Knowledge base is easy to update
Capable of loading files that end with .rdf, .rdfs, .owl, .n3 and rss (Longwell assumes RSS 1.0 which is RDF; other versions will generate errors)
Longwell Faceted Web Browser
Longwell Faceted Web Browser
Longwell Faceted Web Browser
Observation
It is always better to go for modular based ontology
Conceptually draw your model first and then go for building ontology
Building ontology is quite expensive
No two ontologies designed by different people would be the same
There is no standard practice for building ontology
It's a biggest challenge to provide user friendly semantic search interface to end users
Wrap-up
Problems
Way to solve the problems
Why Ontology?
Methodology
Searching
Integration of INTO with a faceted web browser
Observations
Application
Reference (1)
Gruber, T.R. (1993). A Translation Approach to Portable Ontology Specification. Knowledge Acquisition 5: 199-220
Ranganathan, S. R. (1967). Prolegomena to library classification. Ed 3. Asia Pub House, Bombay
Ranganathan, S. R. (1987). Colon classification. SRELS, Bangalore
Bhattacharyya, G. (1979). POPSI: Its fundamentals and procedure based on a general theory of subject indexing language. Library Science with Slant to Documentation. V 16 (1)
Musen, M.A. (1992). Dimensions of knowledge sharing and reuse. Computers and Biomedical Research 25: 435-467
Noy, N. F. and McGuinness, D. L. Ontology Development 101: A Guide to Creating Your First Ontology. http://protege.stanford.edu/publications/ontology_development/ontology101-noy-mcguinness.html
Protege (2000). The Protege Project. http://protege.stanford.edu
Flamenco. http://flamenco.berkeley.edu/
Reference (2)
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