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If the store has things classified, it makes it easier and faster to locate items
Grocery stores classify items by typebaking items, dairy items, frozen food,
Post offices classify mail by destinationzip code, then street, then house number
Schools classify students by traitsgrade number, gender, academic ability
*items in green should be written down
Scientists have identified more than 2 million species of organisms here on Earth
Scientists group organisms based on similarities
When organisms are arranged in groups, they are easier to study
Classifying organisms into groups is called Taxonomy
What does a cassowary look like?What does a cassowary eat?How big is a cassowary?
It has wings It has feathers It has hollow bones It has a beak It is probably an
omnivore It can be seen using only
the eyes
Classification clues us in
The basic structure of an organisms doesn’t change.
What would happen if we classified organisms based on color?
A zebra and a zebra fish would be cousins!
PlantsDon’t MoveGreen
AnimalsMove around
Fungi didn’t fit…
Can grow in the darkSpring up overnightNeed dead things to
grow on
So we created a 3rd kingdom for Fungi
MOLD YEAST
TRUFFLES MUSHROOMS
Until microscope technology allowed us to see smaller organisms
They could move like animals, but had only one cell
They didn’t have to “mate” to reproduce
Paramecium
Single celledLive in water or very
moist environmentsMost can moveSome are
photosyntheticMany are parasites
EUGLENA GIARDIA
ALGAE AMOEBA
We noticed differences in nuclei
Some organisms didn’t have a nucleus at all – only a single chromosome floating in the cytoplasm
STREP BACTERIA STAPH BACTERIA
E. COLI BACTERIA MENINGIOCOCCAL BACTERIA
SLEEPING SICKNESS PNEUMONIA
AnimaliaPlantaeFungiProtistaMonera
Many scientists want to divide the moneran kingdom and make a 6th kingdom because bacteria can be very different.
Archaebacteria – weirdEubacteria – normal
Viruses aren’t technically alive because they can’t live without a host
EBOLA INFLUENZA
COLD H.I.V
Just like when you send a letter to Portugal, first you specify the country, then the city, then the street, then the building, then the floor number, then left or right, then the room number. Otherwise it would be impossible to find people.
KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies
Carollus Linneaus
Linneaus wrote in the margin of his notebook…KingPhilCame OverFor Great Spaghetti
King KingdomPhil PhylumCame ClassOver OrderFor FamilyGreat GenusSpaghetti Species
Remember, living things are classified on similarities in structure.
A Snowy Owl belongs to the animal kingdom because it can move it is made of more than one cell it has to eat
A Snowy Owl belongs to the Chordata Phylum because It has a spinal cord It has bones
A Snowy Owl belongs to the Order Strigiformes because It is a carnivore It has large, sharp talons
A snowy owl belongs to the family Stringidae because
It has a hooked beakIt has a round faceIt hunts at night
A Snowy Owl belongs to the genus Bubo because
It lives in the Northern HemisphereIt has a fourth talon
A Snowy Owl belongs to the scandiacus species because
It is whiteIt weighs about 40 gramsIt has dense downy feathers
A snowy owl is more like a barn owl than an earthworm.
Example: Homo sapiens = humans
A Felis familiarisB Canis familiarisC Canis lupus
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