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Instructional Design Project Boise State University
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Instructional Design Project 1 Ed Tech 503, Fall Semester This is an instructional design project for the Washington County, SC school district. It contains a detailed project analysis of implementing Picasa editing software into the district.
In the classroom
2009
Lora Evanouski Boise State University, Dept. of Educational Technology
10/17/2009
[Instructional Design Project 1] 2
Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
ID Model and Rationalization ....................................................................................................................... 4
Context Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 5
Learner Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 6
Survey............................................................................................................................................................ 8
Learning Task .............................................................................................................................................. 11
Learning Goal .......................................................................................................................................... 11
Task Analysis ........................................................................................................................................... 11
Learning Objectives ................................................................................................................................. 12
Main Objectives .................................................................................................................................. 13
Assessment ................................................................................................................................................. 13
Formative Assessment ................................................................................................................................ 14
Summative Assessment .............................................................................................................................. 14
Appendix A .................................................................................................................................................. 15
Appendix B .................................................................................................................................................. 16
Learning Objectives Table 1 .................................................................................................................... 16
Appendix C .................................................................................................................................................. 17
Learning Objectives continued ............................................................................................................... 17
Appendix D .................................................................................................................................................. 18
Learning Objectives continued ............................................................................................................... 18
Appendix E .................................................................................................................................................. 19
Learning Objectives continued ............................................................................................................... 19
Entry Level Skills .......................................................................................................................................... 19
Trouble shooting ......................................................................................................................................... 19
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 21
[Instructional Design Project 1] 3
Overview
The Washington County School district has requested an in-service training workshop be
conducted for the 160 teachers within their district for the use of Picasa, free editing software.
It has been predetermined that all teachers are fluent in English and computer skills range from
novice to expert. There will be a 3 hour time limit on training available to all participants.
There are a limited number of computers, 40, so the arrangement of groups will be; two groups
of 80 participants each receiving 1.5 hours of training on the computer. Because of the
arrangement of computers, pairs of learners will also be grouped together. Each group will
follow the same pattern of learning.
The training will start out with approximately 15 minutes of explaining what Picasa is
and demonstrations of what Picasa can be used for via projected images on a whiteboard. The
following hour will culminate with the teacher/learners navigating through the Picasa program
(formative assessment). In the remaining 15 minutes having utilized all tools within the tool bar
of Picasa, there will be a demonstration of the Picasa project by creating an online portfolio
with uploaded images through the use of blogs or class web page. Finally, the teacher/learners
will teach their own classroom of students the same program to show mastery of learned skills
(summative assessment).
Picasa is as stated above, free editing software, and can be implemented with ease.
Picasa was acquired by Google in 2004 (Wikipedia, 2009). By going online to the internet,
anyone can have instant access to this program. It is very user friendly and will support many
[Instructional Design Project 1] 4
different platforms and operating systems. The benefits to teachers implementing such a
program are countless. For example, a teacher can create an online diary of class projects. This
is just one versatile application for Picasa. The following Instructional Design Plan is how this
course was created.
ID Model and Rationalization
This plan will follow the Gagne model of 9 Events (Smith & Ragan, 2005). The 9 events
include the following items gain attention, inform learners of objective, stimulate recall of prior
learning, present stimulus material, provide learner guidance, elicit performance, provide
feedback, assess performance and enhance retention and transfer (Smith & Ragan, 2005). The
9 events are laid out in a hierarchy procedure starting with gain attention following thru to
enhance retention and transfer.
I chose this plan because it is considered a systematic approach to learning for
inquiry based learning. Instead of tying a training module to “just pass the test” the trainer
must dig deeper to stimulate and arouse new skills to transfer to the work environment. It
can be adapted to a group or individuals based on learner needs. These 9 events are
related to the learning outcomes while the instruction supports the internal process (Smith
& Ragan, 2005). Because the model is highly saturated with outcomes based on behaviors
resulting from the training, learning will occur.
[Instructional Design Project 1] 5
Context Analysis
Because the Washington SC has already implemented a training program, there is
sufficient need to have the training. There are various stakeholders involved in this
process. First, I will start with the technology coordinator at the school site along with the
administrators. An interview or survey must be done to gain understanding of the
complexities of the technology environment. This interview could be done over the phone,
in person or thru email. Follow up is to be expected to resolve any unclear directives. The
next set of surveys’ would be to gain any and all information about the location from the
major stakeholders in the lesson which includes the administration, teachers, technology
techs and teacher assistants. It would be necessary to gain as much information as
possible about the history, culture, morale and social aspects of the school. This could be
done thru email for expediency. I would pose questions such as; how much the computers
are used? What are they primarily used for? Who primarily uses them? How the
educational faculty views technology? These would all be asked in a general broad category
to gain a better grasp for the atmosphere of the educational community at Washington, SC.
The next concern to be addressed is the physical location of the computer lab. How
is the lab laid out? Are there 40 working computers? Will there also be laptops available or
desk tops or both? Will the computer room allow for group interactions? Will it allow for
group demonstrations? When filling the seats at the training session will there be physical
room for groups of 2 or more? These questions would be addressed by walking the site and
visiting with educational administration on the premises.
Beyond the physicality of the lab the consideration of broadband access must be
addressed. What type do they currently sustain? Is there internet access allowing Google
Picasa to be implemented? Do they allow backup storage of any computer files and
[Instructional Design Project 1] 6
images? Is there internet access allowed at any time or are there constraints? Who usually
takes care of the lab, is it all the teachers or a specialized teacher? Who or what is the help
desk? When can they be reached or accessed? What happens if breakdowns occur? Do
they have a backup plan?
Finally, accounting for reasons why the administration and other stakeholders want
to implement new technology into their existing program needs to be addressed. Questions
such as is this; technology that the district will insist all teachers utilize? Will the district
want to integrate this technology into everyday applications? Will the learners have the
tools, time, space etc. to put these new skills to use? Will there be a support program for
the new technology?
These questions and considerations need to be addressed through surveys and
interviews whether face to face, phone or email. Proper understanding of the learning
environment cannot happen without proper clarification of context.
Learner Analysis
The analysis of the learner will be done primarily through phone surveys and
interviews. The basis for this plan of attack is to make contact with the stakeholders on an
intimate level, calling with a human voice. In doing so and making this connection, the
learners will assume a role of responsibility in their own learning. A series of 10 questions
will be asked to probe the emotions of using technology and editing in the classroom on an
everyday basis. This survey will be done at random generated from the computer choosing
30% of the names from the 160 participants.
The survey will be a survey in the form of an email sent out to the learners to
evaluate their entry level skill and experience, attitudes, preferred learning styles and
[Instructional Design Project 1] 7
motivations/interests. First and foremost the survey needs to address the entry level skills
of the learners. The questions need to be specific and pointed to find out where they have
experience using technology i.e. computer and also software. The basic question is, do you
own a computer? What kind of computer do you own? The next set of questions concern
software usage such as; what types of software are you familiar with and are you familiar
with editing software?
The applications portion of the survey will need to be considered to evaluate how the
learner uses the computer. The questions such as; have you ever used image editing
software, which ones are you familiar with, and how have you used them, are important to
establish for skill level and also comfort level. Indicating if the learner has ever installed a
program is equally necessary. Learning style can also be an issue when teaching adults.
Asking questions such as, what type of learning style do you prefer (Visual, Auditory,
Kinesthetic) can set the tone for the design course. Other important aspects of adult
learning to consider are group work, collaborative work but work independently or solitary?
These answers will generate what type of layout in the physical room to be used; groupings
of learners or individual work. It will also define the layout of the training module; work
with a large group or with the intent of using the entire 90 min for 2 groups on “show” and
send them home to practice with a follow up 90 of “tell” and display the work or something
completely different.
Finally attitudes, motivation/interest would need to be considered. If the learners
have a lack of motivation and interest the course of training would be a waste of time,
money and effort. In assessing these qualities, questions need to be raised about their
“feelings” or comfort levels towards technology and using it in the classroom. Additional
questions about why they want to use editing software, comfort level of using editing
[Instructional Design Project 1] 8
software, how they plan to use the software in real life situation and what the expectations
of the software come must be addressed.
The needs of the learners must be assessed in order to form an actionable design
plan. If the right questions are asked then the needs, wants, desires and expectations of
the learners can be accomplished.
Survey
The survey will be 16 questions sent out through email to their school email address
using Google Documents. It will be sent out 4 weeks before the training is to take place
allowing for 5 day response time. It will be sent to all 160 participants. The survey link is
http://bit.ly/3LkBj7
The survey indicates that 150 teachers responded within set time frame. Of the 150
respondents, 4 indicated little or no use of computers in their daily lives. While in contrast,
7 respondents indicated extensive use of the computer. The rest of the respondents, 139
indicated varying degrees of use. The course design should reflect most learners fall into
the midrange category of usage. Strong experienced learners should be grouped with less
experienced learners. This grouping does two things: it encourages both parties to
collaborate and both can learn from each other. This chart reflects usage:
[Instructional Design Project 1] 9
The next chart indicates what types of software used. It reflects more wide spread
usage with windows rather than with a mac. The programs used with all 150 respondents
reported using most often include word and excel. There were 7 respondents that have
fully utilized Picasa, Fireworks and Photoshop. The 139 respondents stated varying degrees
of use of editing software. While the 4 remaining respondents had no experience using
Picasa or any editing software. While the varying degrees of usage and experience of
editing software will show the designer that collaborative groups should be utilized; this
revelation indicates the experienced users will be utilized in helping and coaching less
experienced users. The chart indicates:
computer usage
4 have little to no experience using computers
7 have extensive use of computers
139 have varying degrees of usage on the computer
Types of software used
4 respondents have little or no experience using editing software
7 have fully utilized editing software
139 have varying degrees of using editing software
[Instructional Design Project 1] 10
This chart indicates how the participants learn the best, their preferred learning
style. The majority are visual and/or kinesthetic. The survey indicated 2 learners are
auditory, 8 “other”, 80 visual and 60 kinesthetic. For the designer, this is important
information to consider. This will be the building blocks of the class- how to set up the
groups. The charts reflect using groups and collaboration for effective learning to occur.
Because the majority of learners are either visual and/or kinesthetic learning style this must
be the dominant learning path for the designer. The use of visual aids (white boards,
computer and handouts) and hands on style must accompany this training module. Having
highlighters at the ready will also increase the effects of learning. In the instruction,
emphasizing key points with activities will be very effective in retaining information. The
chart reflects:
Finally motivation/interest and attitudes must be considered. In the survey, 2
participants indicated no or low interest in using editing software. In contrast 43
respondents indicated high interest in using editing software, while the remaining 105
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Auditory
"Other"
Visual
Kinesthetic
[Instructional Design Project 1] 11
respondents indicated varying degrees of interest and motivation. Determining the
motivational needs and attitudes of the learners will help shape and define the course.
Because there is an overwhelming desire to learn and implement editing software, grouping
the highly motivated with lesser motivated will increase and generate more learning. The
chart indicates:
In conclusion the survey respondents have a need, desire and motivation to fulfill
this training module. The designer must consider grouping experienced learners coupled
with physical hands on activities in order for learning to be enhanced and retained.
Learning Task
Learning Goal Given Picasa editing software the learner will utilize it to create an online image album in a
class web page or blog.
Task Analysis This task consists of taking pictures from the following source digital camera, preexisting
images, memory stick or cd. Following the creation of an online album or movie/slideshow,
Attitudes and Motivation
2 with little or no desire to learn
43 with high desire to learn
105 with varying degrees of desire to learn
[Instructional Design Project 1] 12
it will be uploaded to either the class web page or a preapproved blog location. A concept
map has been provided for the task. (Larger view on p. 19, use as handouts if needed)
Learning Objectives
The objectives consist of 4 main learning objectives. The objectives have various
subordinate objectives. Because of using technology, entry level skills must be met before
entering the training module. Overview tables are shown in Appendix B-E.
[Instructional Design Project 1] 13
Main Objectives:
1. Download, install and Navigate Picasa
2. Edit, enhance and correct images using basic tools and techniques
3. Share images through creation of online web album or blog
4. Backup images to secondary location
Assessment
The assessment for the training module of Picasa will be two fold; formative and
summative. The formative assessment will be in the form of positive and corrective
feedback during the project. It will be conducted by the trainers and trainer helpers.
During the 90 min class the learner will upload Picasa, save albums, use editing tools to
make pictures perfect, learn how to share, print, email and export images to various
locations and back up the image file to a secondary location. At the end of the 90 min
class, each group will create and share an online album or movie. If the learners do not
have digital images ones will be made available. It will evidence at least 10 pictures that
have been modified with the tools buttons (crop, red eye, auto color/contrast, text and
retouch) in the editing of the images. The tuning effects editing tools will be evidenced in at
least 1 picture. Mastery is shown upon sharing the album or movie in a web page or blog.
Positive and corrective feedback will be given.
The summative assessment will be guided by the administrators. The assessment
will be in the form of teaching your own class the steps in using Picasa to create a web page
or blog. This assignment will be conducted within approximately 1 week following the
training module. This is included to reinforce and enhance learning. The teachers will be
[Instructional Design Project 1] 14
given a paid in-service lunch of pizza as agreed upon by the administrator as incentive to
complete the training.
Formative Assessment
Does not Meet Expectations
Meets Some Expectations
Exceeds Expectations
Downloads, installs and navigates Picasa
Did not install or navigate Picasa
N/A Used Picasa to navigate through
Edits, enhances and corrects photos
Did not use edit to enhance images
Used editing to enhance less than 5 images appropriately
Used editing to enhance more than 5 images appropriately
Shares images through creation of online web album or blog
Did not share images online
Shared less than 10 images online in a web page or blog appropriately
Shared 10+ images online in a web page or blog appropriately
Back up of photos to secondary location
Did not back up images
N/A Backed up image to secondary location
Summative Assessment
Does Not Meet Expectation
Meets Some Expectation
Exceeds Expectations
Conducted classroom training to students using same plan as learned in training
Did not conduct lesson to students
Conducted lesson but enhanced less than 5 images
Conducted lesson and enhanced and edited more than 5 images
Students created online web album or blog
Did not create any images in web album or blog
Students created and changed less than 10 images of online album or blog
Students created and changed 10+ images of online web page or blog
[Instructional Design Project 1] 15
Appendix A Telephone Survey: It should take approximately 5 min per call with the following questions. (Indicated comfort level: 1 is low comfort and 5 high comfort)
1. Do you own a computer? What kind?
2. What type of software have you used in the past?
3. On a comfort scale of 1 to 5 how do you feel about using editing software?
4. Do you own a digital camera?
5. On a comfort scale of 1 to 5 how do you feel about taking pictures?
6. On a comfort scale of 1 to 5 how do you feel about sharing pictures online?
7. On a comfort scale of 1 to 5 how do you feel about having a web page and/or blog?
8. On a comfort scale of 1 to 5 how do you feel about setting a web page blog up?
9. What purpose would editing software do for you?
10. Why are you taking this training session?
[Instructional Design Project 1] 16
Appendix B
Learning Goal: Given Picasa editing software the learner will utilize it to create an online
photo album in a class web page or blog.
Learning outcomes based on Bloom’s Taxonomy (Forehand, 2005).
Learning Objectives Table 1
Learning Task Objective Outcome Assessment type
1.0 Download, install and navigate Picasa
1.1 Download and install Picasa
1.2 Navigate through
Picasa software
1.3 Upload images using a camera, memory stick or images stored on computer or cd
1.4 Demonstrate the difference in saving images to hard drive and folder
-When given Picasa editing software the learner will install -Using the Picasa software the learner will evidence knowledge in using tools bar -given images learner will successfully upload to computer inside the Picasa software -learner will evidence the difference between saving to hard drive and folders within Picasa
What level accomplished Knowledge Understanding and Application Understanding and Knowledge Application and Analysis
Formative or Summative Formative: observation Formative: observation Formative: observation Formative: observation
[Instructional Design Project 1] 17
Appendix C
Learning Objectives continued
Learning Task Objective Outcome Assessment Type
2.0 Edit, enhance and correct images using basic tools and techniques 2.1 Demonstrate how to use the edit tool button 2.1.a use crop, redeye, straighten, retouch and text tools 2.1.b use tuning sliders and effects
-learner will locate editing buttons -learner will locate and apply appropriate editing tools to images -learner will locate and apply appropriate tools to images
Application Application Application
Formative: observation Formative: observation Formative: observation
[Instructional Design Project 1] 18
Appendix D
Learning Objectives continued
Learning Task Objective Outcome Assessment Type
3.0 Share images through creation of online Web album or blog 3.1 Create online albums and folders 3.2 find location of folders and albums 3.3 Demonstrate the following: a. print album or image b. print album or image share albums through email c. export album to location such as blog or web page
-learner will demonstrate the creation of images to albums and folders -learner will identify location of album and folder -given uploaded images learner will print images. The next step is to share through use of class email. Following demonstration of email exporting images to either class web page or blog
Synthesis Application Application
Formative: Observation Formative: observation Formative: observation
[Instructional Design Project 1] 19
Appendix E
Learning Objectives continued
Learning Task Objective Outcome Assessment
4.0 Backup images to secondary location 4.1 Create a secondary backup location for images and folders 4.2 Teach classroom students same steps to show mastery
-after completing the sharing and exporting of images learner will evidence identification of a backup source for files and albums -Teacher/learners will teach unit using same steps on Picasa to implement into own classroom
Synthesis Evaluating and Creating
Formative: Observation Summative
Entry Level Skills
Must have in order to attend training:
1. Operate a computer using keyboard and mouse
2. Be able to open programs on desktop of computer
3. Log onto internet and navigate with basic level skill
Trouble shooting
Considerations for the instructor:
1. Have back up plan if computers are not functioning i.e. have some spare laptops
available if possible.
2. Have sample pictures or images if needed.
3. Have Picasa solution center open on desktop for precise strategies to walk learners
through steps in detail.
4. Have phone number of support desk for Washington County, SC school district.
[Instructional Design Project 1] 20
[Instructional Design Project 1] 21
Bibliography Forehand, M. (2005). Bloom's Taxonomy. Retrieved from Wikipedia:
http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/index.php?title=Bloom%27s_Taxonomy
Smith, P. L., & Ragan, T. J. (2005). Instructional Design 3rd Edition. Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons.
Wikipedia. (2009, october 16). Wikipedia, Picasa. Retrieved from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picasa
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