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ICSM ePlan Model
and
CIF Jurisdictional XML Schema
Review
PROJECT DELIVERABLE
INITIAL RELEASE
Document Information
Author: Tim Telčík
tim.telcik@ajilon.com.au
Date Issued: 9 May 2007
Title: ICSM ePlan Model and CIF Jurisdictional XML Schema Review
Directory & Filename:
Version: 1.0
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DOCUMENT CONTROL
Version History
VERSION DATE ISSUED MODIFIED BY COMMENTS
0.1.0 26 April 2007 Tim Telčík Initial draft.
0.1.1 26 April 2007 Tim Telčík Draft Includes updates.
0.2.0 27 April 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates.
0.2.1 27 April 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates.
0.3.0 28 April 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates.
0.4.0 30 April 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates.
0.5.0 1 May 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates.
0.5.1 1 May 2007 Tim Telčík Draft reformatted using Ajilon template.
0.6.0 2 May 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates.
0.6.1 2 May 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates from ePlan Model and CIF Review Meeting (2-May-2007).
0.7.0 3 May 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates from ePlan Model and CIF Review Meeting (2-May-2007).
0.7.1 3 May 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates from Shem Semple and revised Ajilon logo.
0.8.0 4 May 2007 Tim Telčík Draft includes updates from Mark Deal.
1.0 9 May 2007 Tim Telčík Initial release. Includes updates from Nevil Cumerford.
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Distribution List
NAME POSITION / TITLE COMPANY
/ GROUP VERSION
Barry Douse
barry.douse@lands.nsw.gov.au
Business Sponsor NSW Lands
Gail Swan
gail.swan@lands.nsw.gov.au
Program Manager NSW Lands
Shem Semple
shem.semple@lands.nsw.gov.au
Project Manager NSW Lands
Mark Deal
mark.deal@lands.nsw.gov.au
Project Manager NSW Lands
Pedro Harris
pedro.harris@lands.nsw.gov.au
Chief Information Technology Officer
NSW Lands
Nevil Cumerford
nevil.cumerford@nrw.qld.gov.au
ePlan Working Group Chairman, EARL Project Leader
QLD NRW
Geoff Howard
geoff.howard@ajilon.com.au
Ajilon Consulting General Manager
Ajilon
Nolan Keenan
Nolan.keenan@ajilon.com.au
Ajilon Consulting Project Manager
Ajilon
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DOCUMENT APPROVAL
Business
Project Sponsor
Barry Douse / /
Name
Signature Date
Program Manager
Gail Swan
/ /
Name
Signature Date
Project Manager
Shem Semple / /
Name
Signature Date
Project Manager
Mark Deal / /
Name
Signature Date
Delivery Assurance
Geoff Howard / /
Name
Signature Date Information contained
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Purpose.........................................................................................9
2 ICSM ePlan Model Overview .....................................................10
3 ePlan Working Group Project Review ......................................11
3.1 ePlan Working Group Status ....................................................11
3.2 ePlan Working Group Project Deliverables ..............................11
4 CIF Jurisdictional XML Schema Review ..................................13
4.1 CIF Overview............................................................................13
4.2 XML Schema Review ...............................................................13
4.2.1 Replace CIF with National Name..........................................14 4.2.2 Include EPLAN in XML Schema Namespace .......................14 4.2.3 Replace URN with URL in XML Schema Namespace ..........15 4.2.4 Define XML Schema with Version Labels .............................16 4.2.5 Annotate XML Schema with Version Label...........................18 4.2.6 Revise CIF File Paths and Names........................................18 4.2.7 Revise CIF XML Schema Namespaces................................19 4.2.8 Adopt National ePlan / CIF XML Schema Namespaces .......19 4.2.9 Replace Inline Comments with Annotations..........................20 4.2.10 Qualify Namespaces .........................................................20
4.3 Review Summary .....................................................................21
5 Summary.....................................................................................22
6 Recommendations.....................................................................23
6.1 ePlan Working Group Project ...................................................23
6.2 CIF Jurisdictional XML Schema Review...................................23
7 References..................................................................................25
8 Appendix A - XML Schema Best Practices ..............................30
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Glossary
Also see http://www.lands.nsw.gov.au/publications/glossary
TERM DESCRIPTION
CIF NRW Cadastral Information File is an instance of a LandXML document (*.xml) that represents a survey plan containing Australian jurisdictional data.
COGO A suite of programs aimed at coordinate geometry problems in Civil Engineering.
See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COGO
DCDB Digital Cadastral Data Base. It is the legal parcel fabric (current subdivisional pattern) of the State of NSW supplied by the Department of Lands.
DOL See NSW Lands.
ePlan Model ePlan Model 1.0 is a logical representation of electronic plan data.
See http://www.icsm.gov.au/icsm/membersonly/eplan
GML Geography Markup Language.
See http://www.opengis.net/gml
ICSM Intergovernmental Committee on Survey and Mapping.
See http://www.icsm.gov.au
Lands See NSW Lands.
LandXML LandXML 1.1 is an XML Schema for describing XML documents that represent geospatial data.
See http://www.landxml.org
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LPI Land and Property Information (LPI) is a division of the New South Wales Department of Lands (Lands).
See http://lands.nsw.gov.au
NRM The Queensland Department of Natural Resources, Mines and Water. Now called NRW.
NRW The Queensland Department of Resources, Mines and Water. Formerly called NRM.
See http://nrw.qld.gov.au
NSW The State of New South Wales, Australia.
NSW DOL See NSW Lands.
NSW Lands New South Wales Department of Lands.
See http://lands.nsw.gov.au
PWC PriceWaterhouseCoopers.
See http://www.pwc.com
QLD The State of Queensland, Australia.
URI Uniform Resource Identifier.
See http://www.w3.org/Addressing
URL Uniform Resource Location.
See http://www.w3.org/Addressing
URN Uniform Resource Name.
See http://www.w3.org/Addressing
XML Extensible Markup Language.
See http://www.w3.org/XML
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XML Schema See W3C XML Schema.
XSD XML Schema Definition. Also refers to the XML Schema file extension (*.xsd).
W3C World Wide Web (WWW) Consortium.
See http://www.w3c.org
W3C XML Schema An expression language for describing the vocabulary and rules in an XML document.
NOTE: An XML Schema is written using XML syntax.
See http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
WG Working Group
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1 Purpose
This purpose of this document is to review the suitability of the ICSM ePlan Model (1.0) and NRW’s CIF Jurisdictional XML Schemas for the NSW Lands EPlan project.
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2 ICSM EPLAN MODEL OVERVIEW
“Big E Plan is a plan information management system incorporating automated electronic lodgement, examination, registration and data capture for the cadastre that uses digital plan data lodged in a file modelled on the LandXML format.“ – HPA (2006)
ePlan is a Working Group (WG) of the Intergovernmental Committee on Survey and Mapping (ICSM), whose mandate is to develop the Australasian data transfer standard for cadastral survey plan data that will be used for electronic lodgement of such data.
ePlan Model 1.0 is a logical (or abstract) model of cadastral survey data that is used to capture the spatial and legal aspects of a survey plan. It is described using the Unified Modelling Language (UML).
Crews (2006a, 2006b, 2006d) describes LandXML 1.1 as a “grass roots” geospatial industry standard which aims to specify an XML file format for civil engineering design and survey measurement data. The purposes of LandXML are:
• Transfer engineering design data between producers and consumers.
• Provide a data format suitable for long-term data archival.
• Provide a standard format for electronic design submission.
The ePlan Working Group has ratified LandXML 1.1 to physically represent ePlan Model 1.0 (Cumerford 2005). The mapping between the ePlan logical model and LandXML physical model is described by Cumerford (2005). The ePlan Working Group also considered GML, the Geography Markup Language (Open GIS Consortium 2004), but considered it did not fully support details for a survey plan.
The Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Water (NRW) is the first ePlan Working Group member to produce an Australian jurisdiction specific reference, known as the Cadastral Infrastructure File (CIF) Schema Architecture (Gray & Chowdhury 2006).
The NSW Department of Lands intends to use ePlan Model (1.0) and LandXML (1.1) as the basis for capturing electronic plan data, including NSW specific jurisdictional data (Deal. et. al. 2005).
Deal et. al. (2005, pg. 274) concluded, “The ePlan model is jurisdictionally inclusive model that is close to the structure that LPI needs to conduct all of its plan examination (sic.).”
For more details on the background of the NSW EPlan project, see HPA (2005), Deal et. al. (2006) and Keenan (2007).
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3 EPLAN WORKING GROUP PROJECT REVIEW
3.1 EPLAN WORKING GROUP STATUS
The ePlan Working Group web site page does not contain any documents later than July 2004.
The ePlan Working Group web site page is restricted to registered members at URL http://www.icsm.gov.au/icsm/membersonly/eplan/index.html.
3.2 EPLAN WORKING GROUP PROJECT DELIVERABLES
The following table lists the deliverables defined in the EPlan Terms of Reference (Cumerford 2004) :
DELIVERABLE STATUS
1. Implement a communication strategy. Unknown
2. Produce a generic UML model for ePlans. Completed
2.1 Develop UML class diagram of a cadastral survey. Completed
2.2 Develop generic business rules for an ePlan. Completed
2.3 Develop data dictionary, compatible with the ICSM Feature Catalogue.
Completed
3. Develop or identify standard tools based on the generic UML schema that will facilitate data capture, visualisation and validation functions with the ability for adaptation for specific jurisdictional requirements.
Completed
4. Develop an XML schema. Completed
4.1 Develop an XML schema for cadastral survey object. Completed
4.2 Develop an XML schema for a survey control object. Completed
4.3 Develop an XML schema for a cadastral infrastructure object.
Completed
5. Develop a high-level business case for the adoption of an Incomplete
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ePlan standard.
6. Make recommendations for the implementation and ongoing review and management of the ePlan standard.
Ongoing activities
7. Provide advice on any other issues/areas where ICSM may be able to provide national leadership in the electronic transfer of land surveying data.
Ongoing activities
8. Provide ICSM with a work plan and make regular reports to ICSM on progress against that plan.
Ongoing activities
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4 CIF JURISDICTIONAL XML SCHEMA REVIEW
4.1 CIF OVERVIEW
CIF (Cadastral Information File) is an instance of a LandXML document (*.xml) that represents a survey plan containing Australian jurisdictional data. It is currently only used to represent Queensland specific jurisdictional data.
CIF is a reference implementation of ePlan Model (1.0) (Cumerford 2005). It has not (yet) been published for use by other ePlan Working Group members.
The CIF Jurisdiction XML Schemas describe the XML documents (*.xml) containing jurisdictional data. The XML jurisdiction documents will be used by third-party applications (eg. CAD) to provide reference data (eg. pick lists) that will populate the relevant LandXML (1.1) elements and attributes.
CIF Jurisdiction XML Schemas can be used validate the corresponding XML jurisdiction documents, but cannot be used to validate a LandXML compliant document.
Conversely, the LandXML XML Schema can be used to validate the structure of a LandXML document, but only limited business rules exist within the schema to validate the content.
Jurisdiction specific business and validation rules must be handled by the software services (or agents) that process electronic lodgement of LandXML (*.xml) files.
The jurisdictional XML Schemas (*.xsd) and XML documents (*.xml) must be published to a public URL where they are available for access by third-parties, including software vendors.
4.2 XML SCHEMA REVIEW
This review will consider which aspects of the CIF Jurisdiction XML Schemas are suitable for NSW Lands and which could be revised.
The CIF Jurisdiction reference implementation is comprised of the following XML Schema files (Gray & Chowdhury 2006, Cumerford 2006) :
File Path & Name Purpose
au/gov/icsm/cif/au-gov-icsm-cif.xsd
Root schema file which includes other schema files.
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au/gov/icsm/cif/administrative-area/au-gov-icsm-cif-administrative-area.xsd
Represents jurisdictional administrative data.
au/gov/icsm/cif/annotations/au-gov-icsm-cif-annotations.xsd
Represents jurisdictional plan annotations.
au/gov/icsm/cif/enumerated-types/au-gov-icsm-cif-enumerated-types.xsd
Represents jurisdictional enumerated type values.
4.2.1 Replace CIF with National Name
The acronym “CIF” (Cadastral Information File) is the virtual name defined by Queensland’s NRW.
A different name, which associates Australia and LandXML, may be more appropriate to national members of the ePlan Working Group.
Possible alternatives:
Australian Land Information (ALI / AUSLAND)
Australian Land Information Exchange (ALX / AUSLIX )
Australian Cadastral Information Schema (ACIS)
ePlan Information File (EIF / EPF)
Cadastral Information Object (CIO)
Cadastral Information Schema (CIS)
4.2.2 Include EPLAN in XML Schema Namespace
Current ePlan CIF jurisdiction XML schemas do not contain the keyword “eplan” in the namespace.
For example, consider CIF schema file “au-gov-icsm-cif\au\gov\icsm\cif\au-gov-icsm-cif.xsd” :
<xs:schema xmlns:cif="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif"
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xmlns:adminarea="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:adminarea"
xmlns:cifannot="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:annotations"
xmlns:cifenum="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:enumerated-types"
xmlns:landxml="http://www.landxml.org/schema/LandXML-1.1"
xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
</xs:schema>
The namespace could change from “au:gov:icsm:cif” to “au:gov:icsm:eplan:cif”.
For example :
<xs:schema xmlns:cif="urn:au:gov:icsm:eplan:cif"
xmlns: adminarea ="urn:au:gov:icsm:eplan:cif:admin"
xmlns:cifannot="urn:au:gov:icsm:eplan:cif:annot"
xmlns:cifenum="urn:au:gov:icsm:eplan:cif:enum"
xmlns:landxml=http://www.landxml.org/schema/LandXML-1.1”
xmlns:xs=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema”
targetNamespace="urn:au:gov:icsm:eplan:cif"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
Also see section above regarding renaming CIF with national name.
4.2.3 Replace URN with URL in XML Schema Namespace
Replace URN in targetNamespace and xmlns attributes with a URL.
For example, consider CIF schema file “au-gov-icsm-cif\au\gov\icsm\cif\au-gov-icsm-cif.xsd” :
<xs:schema xmlns:cif="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif"
xmlns:adminarea="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:adminarea"
xmlns:cifannot="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:annotations"
xmlns:cifenum="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:enumerated-types"
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xmlns:landxml=http://www.landxml.org/schema/LandXML-1.1”
xmlns:xs=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema
targetNamespace="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
URLs are preferable to URNs for XML Schema namespaces because they can be linked to an online resource which provides further details about the schema (Stephenson 2004, xFront 2006d).
For example :
<xs:schema xmlns:eplan="http://www.icsm.gov.au/eplan/schema/cif"
xmlns: adminarea
=”http://www.icsm.gov.au/eplan/schema/cif/admin-area”
xmlns:cifannot
="http://www.icsm.gov.au/eplan/schema/cif/ annotations "
xmlns:cifenum
="http://www.icsm.gov.au/eplan/schema/cif/ enumerated-types”
xmlns:landxml=http://www.landxml.org/schema/LandXML-1.1
xmlns:xs=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema
targetNamespace="http://www.icsm.gov.au/eplan/schema/cif"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
4.2.4 Define XML Schema with Version Labels
The CIF reference jurisdictional schemas do not use a version identifier. To assist with publishing, tracking and backwards forwards/backwards compatibility, major and minor version identifiers should be considered.
Major version labels are used to indicate changes to vocabulary and/or structure, while minor version labels indicate bug fixes and/or minor updates.
For example, consider CIF schema file “au-gov-icsm-cif\au\gov\icsm\cif\au-gov-icsm-cif.xsd” :
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<xs:schema xmlns:cif="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif"
xmlns:adminarea="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:adminarea"
xmlns:cifannot="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:annotations"
xmlns:cifenum="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif:enumerated-types"
xmlns:landxml=http://www.landxml.org/schema/LandXML-1.1”
xmlns:xs=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema
targetNamespace="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
Stephenson (2004) comments, “The best practice for encoding these two version numbers in an evolving XML schema is to encode the major version inside the target XML namespace of the XML schema and to encode the minor version in the schema version attribute.”
NOTE: This major/minor versioning approach was also adopted for LandXML
For example :
<xs:schema xmlns:cif="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif-1.0"
xmlns:adminarea="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif-1.0:adminarea"
xmlns:cifannot="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif-1.0:annotations"
xmlns:cifenum="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif-1.0:enumerated-types"
xmlns:landxml=http://www.landxml.org/schema/LandXML-1.1”
xmlns:xs=http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema
targetNamespace="urn:au:gov:icsm:cif-1.0"
elementFormDefault="qualified"
attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
version=”1.0”>
XML Schema versioning is discussed in more detail by Orchard (2004), Gabriel (2004) and Stephenson (2004).
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4.2.5 Annotate XML Schema with Version Label
For example, assuming the XML Schema was named “au-gov-icsm-eplan-cif_1_0.xsd” with a version label of “1.0” and was published on “18 May 2005”, or “2005-05-18” in ISO 8601 date/time format.
<xs:schema . . .>
<xsd:annotation>
<xsd:documentation>
@(#)au-gov-icsm-eplan-cif_1_0.xsd 1.0 2005-05-18
</xsd:documentation>
</xsd:annotation>
</xs:schema>
Stephenson (2004) comments, “It is good practice to place human/computer readable documentation about the schema in the schema document, for example, owner, change log, etc. This information can be held in a special schema header element which would go in an annotation/appinfo element. There is no industry standard for such an element.”
4.2.6 Revise CIF File Paths and Names
The CIF jurisdictional components are not consistent across file names, file paths.
To assist, the following paths and names could be used:
Old File Path and Name Proposed File Path and Name
au/gov/icsm/cif/au-gov-icsm-cif.xsd
au/gov/icsm/eplan/cif/cif.xsd
au/gov/icsm/cif/administrative-area/au-gov-icsm-cif-administrative-area.xsd
au/gov/icsm/eplan/cif/admin-area/admin-area.xsd
au/gov/icsm/cif/annotations/au-gov-icsm-cif-annotations.xsd
au/gov/icsm/eplan/cif/annot/annot.xsd
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au/gov/icsm/cif/enumerated-types/au-gov-icsm-cif-enumerated-types.xsd
au/gov/icsm/eplan/cif/enum-types/enum-types.xsd
4.2.7 Revise CIF XML Schema Namespaces
The CIF jurisdictional components are not consistent across XML schema namespaces.
To assist, the following XML Scheme namespaces could be used:
Old Namespace Proposed Namespace
au-gov-icsm-cif au-gov-icsm-eplan-cif
au-gov-icsm-if-
administrative-area
au-gov-icsm-eplan-cif-admin-
area
au-gov-icsm-cif-annotations
au-gov-icsm-eplan-cif-annot
au-gov-icsm/-if-enumerated-types
au-gov-icsm-eplan-cif-enum-types
4.2.8 Adopt National ePlan / CIF XML Schema Namespaces
The follow table shows suggested XML Schema namespace for the various Australian jurisdictions.
Jurisdiction Code Jurisdiction Name Proposed Namespace
ACT Australian Capital Territory
http://au/gov/act/icsm/eplan/cif
NSW New South Wales http://au/gov/nsw/icsm/eplan/cif
NT Northern Territory http://au/gov/nt/icsm/eplan/cif
QLD Queensland http://au/gov/qld/icsm/eplan/cif
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SA South Australia http://au/gov/sa/icsm/eplan/cif
TAS Tasmania http://au/gov/tas/icsm/eplan/cif
WA Western Australia http://au/gov/wa/icsm/eplan/cif
VIC Victoria http://au/gov/vic/icsm/eplan/cif
4.2.9 Replace Inline Comments with Annotations
Currently compliant - no changes required.
Ensure inline comments, such as this
<!-- This is a comment -->
with this
<xsd:annotation>
<xsd:documentation>This is a comment.</xsd:documentation>
</xsd:annotation>
4.2.10 Qualify Namespaces
Currently compliant - no changes required.
The <xs:schema> attribute elementFormDefault is already declared with value "qualified", the accepted norm.
The <xs:schema> attribute attributeFormDefault is already declared with value "unqualified", the accepted norm.
NOTE: The attributeFormDefault attribute is redundant in this case, as the default value is also "unqualified", however, declaring the attribute makes the intended usage clear.
Also see xFront (2006c) and Obasanjo (2002).
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4.3 REVIEW SUMMARY
The following items should be considered :
• Replace CIF with National Name
• Include EPLAN in XML Schema Namespace
• Replace URN with URL in XML Schema Namespace
• Define XML Schema with Version Labels
• Annotate XML Schema with Version Label
• Revise CIF File Paths and Names
• Revise CIF XML Schema Namespaces
• Adopt National ePlan / CIF XML Schema Namespaces
• Replace Inline Comments with Annotations
• Qualify Namespaces
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5 SUMMARY
The ICSM ePlan Working Group (WG) web site has not been revised since September 2005. Online documents do not portray current state of ePlan Model or WG agenda.
It is expected the ePlan Model and LandXML will change in the future. Deal et. al. (2006, pg. 275) comment, “It has been widely stated and understood in the ePlan working group meetings that both the ePlan model and the LandXML schema can, and will, change.”
ePlan Model (1.0) and LandXML (1.1) capture the required plan and jurisdictional details for NSW Lands Big E Plan (HPA 2005, Deal et. al. 2005).
Various implementation issues should be addressed before adopting the CIF Jurisdiction XML Schema reference model for NSW jurisdictional data.
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6 RECOMMENDATIONS
NOTE: This document should be considered a checkpoint for ePlan Model (1.0) and the CIF Jurisdictional XML Schemas. Any recommendations outlined in this document may not be appropriate for future iterations of the ePlan Model or the CIF Jurisdictional XML Schemas.
6.1 EPLAN WORKING GROUP PROJECT
The ePlan Working Group (WG) should appoint a content manager for the ICSM ePlan web site to ensure that current documentation is made available to participating members.
The ePlan Working Group (WG) should consider revising the structure and content of the ICSM ePlan web site as follows:
• Split ePlan web site into public and restricted sections. The current web site at http://www.icsm.gov.au/icsm/membersonly/eplan/index.html is restricted to registered members.
• Link public section of ePlan web site to restricted section.
• Link public ePlan web site to LandXML web site at http://www.landxml.org. This will require co-ordination with the LandXML web site content manager,
• Create jurisdiction specific web pages and link them to the ICSM ePlan web site.
• If URLs are adopted for CIF Jurisdicational XML Schema namespaces, the URLs should link to web pages in the ICSM ePlan web site.
6.2 CIF JURISDICTIONAL XML SCHEMA REVIEW
NSW Lands should consider using the CIF Jurisdictional XML Schema reference implementation as the basis for representing NSW jurisdictional data. Cumerford (2007) commented that the CIF Jurisdictional XML Schemas may be used by the LandXML committee as their reference implementation for international jurisdictional XML Schemas and other enumerated values. This is a good indicator of the merits of the CIF jurisdictional XML Schema approach.
The CIF Jurisdictional XML Schema should be reviewed by all members of the ePlan Working Group and the outcomes shared with other members.
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The jurisdictional XML Schemas (*.xsd) and XML instance documents (*.xml) must be published to a public URL where they are accessible by third-parties, including software vendors.
The suggestions listed in the CIF Review section should be considered before any such implementation, paying particular attention to naming and versioning conventions as they will have short- medium- and long-term impacts on implementation and archiving.
NOTE: This major / minor versioning approach has already been adopted by the LandXML committee. For more details, see the LandXML XML Schema published at http://www.landxml.org
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7 REFERENCES
NOTES: These references are defined according to the Harvard Referencing Standard. For more details, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard_referencing and http://library.curtin.edu.au/referencing/harvard.pdf
While all references listed below were used in the preparation of this review document, not all references are listed inline.
Crews, N. (2006a) LandXML.org 2006 (MS PowerPoint Presentation).
http://www.landxml.org
Crews, N. (2006b) LandXML-1.1 2006 (MS PowerPoint Presentation).
http://www.landxml.org
Crews, N. (2006d) World Trends in Spatial Data Interoperability.
(MS PowerPoint Presentation).
http://www.landxml.org
Cumerford, N. (2004) EPlan Project Outline.
ePlan Working Group.
http://www.icsm.gov.au/icsm/membersonly/eplan
Cumerford, N. (2005) Model CIF (Survey Information
Processing (SIP) Project). Data. Queensland Department of
Natural Resources and Water (NRW).
Cumerford, N. (2006) Jurisdictional Data (Survey Information
Processing (SIP) Project). Queensland Department of Natural
Resources and Water (NRW).
Information contained
in this document was correct at
time of publication, but may have
been superseded
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Cumerford (2007) CIF and ePlan Model Review Meeting.
Queens Square, NSW Department of Lands - Lands and
Property Information Division: Wed 2 May 2007.
Deal, M., J. Harris & J. McLean (2005) LandXML Mapping and Plan
Processing. NSW Department of Lands - Lands and Property
Information Division.
http://www.lands.nsw.gov.au
ePlan Working Group (2004) EPlan Terms Of Reference.
http://www.icsm.gov.au/icsm/membersonly/eplan
ePlan Working Group (2006) Agenda.
ICSM ePlan Working Group Meeting (17 September 2006):
Cairns, QLD, Australia.
Fletcher, M. & M. Elfick (2007) Packet File Format (Specification).
Geodata Information Systems Pty Limited.
http://www.geodata.com.au
Gabriel, J. (2004) How to Version Schemas.
XML 2004 Conference & Exhibition: Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
http://www.idealliance.org/proceedings/xml04/abstracts/paper74.html
Gaven, T. (2002) XML Schema Best Practices.
http://xml.sys-con.com/read/40481.htm
Information contained
in this document was correct at
time of publication, but may have
been superseded
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Gray, N. & L. Chowdhury (2006) CIF Schema Architecture (Survey
Information Processing (SIP) Project). Queensland Department
of Natural Resources, Mines and Water (NRW).
HPA (2006) Big E Project (Draft Business Case).
NSW Department of Lands.
Keenan, N. (2007) NSW Jurisdictional XML Schema Development
for ePlan / LandXML (Project Statement).
http://www.lands.nsw.gov.au
http://www.ajilon.com.au/index.html
NSW Lands (2007) NSW Lands - ePlan.
NSW Department of Lands.
http://www.lands.nsw.gov.au/land_titles/eplan
Obasanjo, D. (2002) W3C XML Schema Design Patterns:
Avoiding Complexity.
http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2002/11/20/schemas.html
Open GIS Consortium, Inc. (2004) Geography Markup Language
(GML) Implementation Specification.
http://www.opengis.net/gml
Orchard, D. (2004) Extensibility, XML Vocabularies, and XML
Schema.
http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2004/10/27/extend.html
Information contained
in this document was correct at
time of publication, but may have
been superseded
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Stephenson, D. (2004) XML Schema Best Practices.
http://devresource.hp.com/drc/resources/xmlSchemaBestPractices.jsp
van der Vlist, E. (2002) XML Schema.
O’Reilly: Sebastopol, CA, USA.
W3C (2004a) XML Schema.
http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
W3C (2004b) XML Schema Part 0: Primer Second Edition.
http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-0
W3C (2004c) XML Schema Part 1: Structures Second Edition.
http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1
W3C (2004d) XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition.
http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-2
W3C (2006) Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)
http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816
xFront (2006a) XML Schemas: Best Practices.
http://www.xfront.com/BestPracticesHomepage.html
xFront (2006b) XML Schema - Best Practices in a
Nutshell.
http://www.xfront.com/BestPracticeInNutshell.pdf
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in this document was correct at
time of publication, but may have
been superseded
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xFront (2006c) XML Schema : Default Namespace –
targetNamespace or XMLSchema?
http://www.xfront.com/DefaultNamespace.pdf
xFront (2006d) URL versus URN.
http://www.xfront.com/URLversusURN.pdf
Information contained
in this document was correct at
time of publication, but may have
been superseded
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8 APPENDIX A - XML SCHEMA BEST PRACTICES
The following contains a list of some XML Schema Best Practices.
xFront (2006a, 2006b)
Make targetNamespace the default namespace
Publish Unqualified and Qualified Schemas
Uniquely Identify All Schema Components With the ID Attribute.
Postpone Namespace Binding Until Necessary
Create Extensible Schemas.
W3C XML Schema 1.0 Cannot Express All Business Rules
Use URLs For XML Schema Namespaces
XML Schema Versioning Best Practices
Stephenson (2004)
Namespaces URI, URL vs. URN
Attributes vs. elements
Qualified element names
Qualified attribute names
Global elements vs. local elements
Named types vs. anonymous types
Extensible content models, wildcards, anyAttribute
Constraints: max, min, length, pattern, etc
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Graph data structures
Identifiers in XML schemas
Default/fixed attributes value and default element values
Versioning
Mixed content
Simple type code lists
Complex type code lists
Generic containers
Model groups <sequence>, <choice>, and <all>
DTD
Extension vs. restriction for complex types
Type hierarchies vs. composition
Must understand attribute
Nil
Elements with simple content
Schema header
Import/include
Supplemental schema constraints
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Recommended