How well does the Belgian population comply with the DRV’s ... · How well does the Belgian...

Karin De Ridder, PhD, MD

Head of team “Nutrition & Health”Scientific Institute of Public Health

How well does the Belgian population comply with the DRV’s for Energy and Macronutrients?

WIV-ISP |JulietteWytsmanstraat14|1050Brussels|BelgiumT+3226425730|sarah.bel@wiv-isp.be|www.wiv-isp.be

Food Consumption Survey 2014

• National representative survey• ± 3200 Belgians (3-64 years)

• Children (3-9 y)• Adolescents (10-17 y)• Adults (18-64 y)

• Two 24-hour recalls (<10 y: + two one-day food diaries)• Interviewers = dieticians• DRV’s from the Superior Health Council of Belgium (2016)

Data collection - children (3-9 years)

3

Data collection - adolescents and adults

4

Estimation of “habitual” intake• Statistical program to Assess Dietary Exposure

(SPADE) • Model daily or episodically consumed nutrients

• Daily: transformation – model in function of age –back-transformation (eliminate within-person variance)

• Episodical: Probability (intake frequency)*usual amount on consumption day (Monte Carlo simulation)

• Intake from different sources (food and dietary supplements)

• Comparison with DRV’s

5

Dietary reference values (DRV’s)

6

Adequate intake (AI)

(EAR)

(PRI) (UL)

Energy intake

• Under-reporting: 24,3% of study population• Exclusion of under-reporters

7

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3-5 6-9 10-13 14-17 18-39 40-64

kcal

/day

Age group

Energy intake

MenWomen

Energy intake

8

22.5

13.5

12.6

8.3

7.5

6.6

5.2

5.2

4.2

0 5 10 15 20 25

Cereal and cereal products

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Sugar and confectionery

Fats and oils

Non-alcoholic beverages

Fruits, nuts and seeds, olives

Potatoes and other tubers

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Total carbohydrates

9

Mean intake Recommendation % population <50 EN%44,1 EN% 50-55 EN% 83,1%

81.1

87.8

7678808284868890

2004 2014

% population carbohydrate intake <50 EN%

43.7

54.163.2

70.2

84.5

94.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

3-5 y 6-9 y 10-13 y 14-17 y 18-39 y 40-64 y

% of population carbohydrate intake < 50 EN%

(15-64 y)

Total carbohydrates

10

37.3

10.1

9.9

9.6

8.3

7.5

7.5

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Cereal and cereal products

Non-alcoholic beverages

Sugar and confectionery

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Fruits, nuts and seeds, olives

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Potatoes and other tubers

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Mono- and disaccharides/ Polysaccharides

11

27 2624 23

20 19

23 24 24 24 2422

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

3-5 y 6-9 y 10-13 y 14-17 y 18-39 y 40-64 y

Mean intake of mono- & disacharides and polysacharides (EN%)

mono- & disaccharides polysaccharides

Mono- & disaccharides PolysacharidesMean intake 21 EN% 23 EN%

Mono- and disaccharides

12

19.7

19.0

15.0

14.7

10.5

6.8

5.5

5.0

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Non-alcoholic beverages

Sugar and confectionery

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Fruits, nuts and seeds, olives

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Cereal and cereal products

Vegetables

Alcoholic beverages

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Fiber

13

Mean intake Recommendation % population < PRI18 g/day 10-25 g/day (age-gender dependent) 84%

58.263.5

72.780.3

90.386.1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

3-5 y 6-9 y 10-13 y 14-17 y 18-39 y 40-64 y

% population fiber intake < PRI 90.3

85.2

80.2

75

80

85

90

95

No diploma - low Higher-short type Higher-long type

% population fiber intake < PRI

76.595.9

020406080

100120

Flanders Wallonia

% population fiber intake < PRI

Fiber

14

0 10 20 30 40 50

Cereal and cereal products

Vegetables

Fruits, nuts and seeds, olives

Potatoes and other tubers

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Sugar and confectionery

Mean contribution (%) of food groups3-5 y

3-64 y

Protein

15

34.6

21.4

19

6.3

3.9

3

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Cereal and cereal products

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Fish, shellfish and amphibians

Cakes and sweet biscuits

VegetablesMean contribution (%) of food groups

Mean intake Recommendations % population <EAR % population >PRI

15,3 EN% PRI: 15 EN%EAR: 10 EN%

0,7 52,1

♂: 1,4 g/kg/day

♀: 1,3 g/kg/day

PRI: 0,83-0,90 g/kg/dayEAR: 0,66-0,73 g/kg/day

(age-gender dependent)

♂: 0,1

♀: 0,5

♂: 97,2

♀: 93,3

Total fat

Mean intake Recommendation % population >35 EN%35,5 EN% 20< & <30-35 EN% 53,3%

31.5

46.049.4 50.6 52.6

58.1

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

3-5 y 6-9 y 10-13 y 14-17 y 18-39 y 40-64 y

% of population fat intake >35 EN%

Total fat

17

20.4

18.4

18.2

10.0

8.2

7.7

6.5

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Fats and oils

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Condiments, spices, sauces and yeast

Sugar and confectionery

Cereal and cereal products

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Saturated fatty acids

Mean intake Recommendation % population >10 EN%

13,1 EN% (31 g/day) <10 EN% 90,4%

29.1

20.4

14

12.6

7.5

4.1

4.1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Fats and oils

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Sugar and confectionery

Cereal and cereal products

Condiments, spices, sauces and yeast

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Mono-unsaturated fatty acidsMean intake Recommendation % population

<10 EN%% population>20 EN%

12,8 EN% (31 g/day) 10-20 EN% 11,8 0,4

21.8

20.7

13.1

9.5

9.4

9.3

5.8

0 5 10 15 20 25

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Fats and oils

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Sugar and confectionery

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Condiments, spices, sauces and yeast

Cereal and cereal products

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Poly-unsaturated fatty acids

Mean intake Recommendation % population < 5 EN%

% population> 10 EN%

6,3 EN% (15 g/day) 5-10 EN% 23,0 2,5

6878

0102030405060708090

2004 2014

% population intake 5-10 EN%50

36.5

29.926.5

21.518.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

3-5 y 6-9 y 10-13 y 14-17 y 18-39 y 40-64 y

% population intake < 5 EN%

(15-64 y)

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids

21

Mean intake Recommendations (=AI)

Prevalence inadequate intake

Omega-3 FA 0,74 EN% 1-2 EN% /

LNA 0,63 EN% 1 EN% /

EPA+DHA 190 mg 250-500 mg/day /

Omega-6 FA 5 EN% 4-8 EN% low(median (4,8 EN%)>AI)

LA 4,9 EN% 4 EN% low (median (4,8 EN%)>AI)

Omega-3 fatty acids

22

18.5

16.9

15.3

11.0

8.2

8.0

7.5

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Fats and oils

Condiments, spices, sauces and yeast

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Cereal and cereal products

Fish, shellfish and amphibians

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Omega-6 fatty acids

23

22.4

17.1

15.1

14.7

8.4

5.2

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

Fats and oils

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Condiments, spices, sauces and yeast

Cereal and cereal products

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Sugar and confectionery

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

23.5

15.7

14.3

12.7

7.9

6

4.9

0 5 10 15 20 25

Fats and oils

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Condiments, spices, sauces and yeast

Cereal and cereal products

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Sugar and confectionery

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Poly-unsaturated fatty acids

Trans-fatty acids (industrial + natural)

Mean intake Recommendation 0,4 EN% (0,9 g/day) As low as possible (industrial TFA’s)

0.7

0.4

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

2004 2014

Mean habitual trans-fatty acid intake (EN%)

(15-64 y)

35.9

21.1

19.3

13.7

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Fats and oils

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

Cholesterol

26

Mean intake Recommendation % population >300 mg/day

224 mg/day < 300 mg/day 17,2%

1.9

5.5

9.111.8

17.4

22.2

0

5

10

15

20

25

3-5 y 6-9 y 10-13 y 14-17 y 18-39 y 40-64 y

% population cholesterol >300 mg/day

50.8

20.1

0

20

40

60

2004 2014

% population cholesterol > 300 mg/day

28

6.6

0

10

20

30

Men Women

% population cholesterol > 300 mg/day

(15-64 y)

Cholesterol

27

41.3

23.6

8.9

8.5

8.2

3.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

Meat, meat products and substitutes

Milk, milk beverages and fermented milk beverages

Eggs and egg products

Cakes and sweet biscuits

Fish, shellfish and amphibians

Fats and oils

Mean contribution (%) of food groups

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