How to find the number of protons, neutrons, & electrons for an element on the periodic table

How to find the number of protons, neutrons, & electrons for an element on the periodic table.

What is an element?

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary physical or chemical means. Elements are known as the building blocks of matter.

It is made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

The periodic table is made up of elements.

Protons have a positive charge,

are located in the nucleus,

and have a mass of 1 amu.

Remember P +

Neutrons have a Neutral charge,

are also located in the nucleus,

and have a mass of 1 amu

Remember N

Isn’t this easy!

Electrons have a Negative charge,

are located on the shells around the nucleus,

and have a mass of 0 amu.

Nucleus

Shells

Electrons

Remember E-

1

HHydrogen

1.00794

The four parts of the periodic table are:

Atomic Number

Symbol

ElementAtomic Mass

(Weight)

What is the Atomic Number for Carbon (C)?

Quick Quiz

What is the Atomic Number for Iron (Fe)?

What is the Atomic Number for Potassium (K)?

What is the Atomic Number for Nitrogen (N)?

What is the Atomic Number for Gold (Au)?

What is the Atomic Number for Carbon (C)?

Quick Quiz

What is the Atomic Number for Iron (Fe)?

What is the Atomic Number for Potassium (K)?

What is the Atomic Number for Nitrogen (N)?

What is the Atomic Number for Gold (Au)?

6

79

7

19

26

Atomic Number

1

HHydrogen

1.00794

The Atomic Number equals the number of protons and electrons for that element.

Hydrogen has

1 proton

1 electron.

Atomic Number

6

CCarbon

12.011

The Atomic Number equals the number of protons and electrons for that element.

Carbon has

6 Protons

6 Electrons

How many protons does Oxygen have?

Quick Quiz

How many protons does Calcium have?

How many protons does Zinc have?

How many protons does Tin (Sn) have?

How many protons does Radon have?

How many electrons does Oxygen have?

How many electrons does Calcium have?

How many electrons does Zinc have?

How many electrons does Tin (Sn) have?

How many electrons does Radon have?

How many protons does Oxygen have?

Quick Quiz

How many protons does Calcium have?

How many protons does Zinc have?

How many protons does Tin (Sn) have?

How many protons does Radon have?

8

86

50

30

20

How many electrons does Oxygen have?

How many electrons does Calcium have?

How many protons does Zinc have?

How many protons does Tin (Sn) have?

How many protons does Radon have?

We’ve learned about protons and electrons.

What are we missing?

Atomic Number

1

HHydrogen

1.00794

The number of Neutrons equals the Atomic Mass minus the Atomic Number.

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass- Atomic Number

Number of Neutrons

This sounds very complicated and I’m confused.

That’s O.K. follow these 2 simple steps to help you.

Atomic Mass- Atomic Number

Number of Neutrons

Step 1

1

HHydrogen

1.00794

Atomic Mass

Round the Atomic Mass to the nearest whole number.

1.00794Look at the tenths column.

If the number in the tenths column is 5 or greater, then round the number up, if not

leave unchanged.

1.00794 rounded to the nearest whole number is?

Step 2

1

HHydrogen

1.00794

Find the Atomic Number:

Take the rounded Atomic Mass

Subtract the Atomic Number

Equals the Number of Neutrons

Practice

7

NNitrogen

14.0067

Take the rounded Atomic Mass

Subtract the Atomic Number

Equals the Number of Neutrons

Find the number of Neutrons in Nitrogen:

Practice 2

17

ClChlorine

35.453

Take the rounded Atomic Mass

Subtract the Atomic Number

Equals the Number of Neutrons

Find the number of Neutrons in Chlorine:

Practice 2

17

ClChlorine

35.453

Take the rounded Atomic Mass

Subtract the Atomic Number

Equals the Number of Neutrons

Find the number of Neutrons in Chlorine:

Practice 3

79

AuGold

196.9665

Take the rounded Atomic Mass

Subtract the Atomic Number

Equals the Number of Neutrons

Find the number of Neutrons in Gold:

Practice 3

79

AuGold

196.9665

Take the rounded Atomic Mass

Subtract the Atomic Number

Equals the Number of Neutrons

Find the number of Neutrons in Gold:

Directions: Find the number of Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons for each element listed below.

Boron (B)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Copper (CU)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Indium (In)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Plutonium (Pu)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Scandium (Sc)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Sulfur (S)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Directions: Find the number of Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons for each element listed below.

Boron (B)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Copper (CU)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Indium (In)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Plutonium (Pu)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Scandium (Sc)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Sulfur (S)Protons -Electrons -

Neutrons -

Now you know a little about the periodic table and how to find the number of protons, electrons, and

neutrons.