Hovenring Eindhoven

• ipvDelft• DutchDesignManualforFootbridges• HovenringDesignProcess• LessonsLearned

HovenringEindhovenA bridge designed for the requirements involving all disciplines and stakeholders

AdriaanKokipvDelftcreative engineers

mail: adriaankok@ipvdelft.nl website: ipvdelft.nl or ipvdelft.com

8thAustralianSmallBridgesConference27-28 Nov 2017, Surfers Paradise Australia

aquaduct

bridges

footbridge

ipvDelft• infrastructure• urban furniture• architecture

• lighting

lamp shade bicycle parkingbicycle parking

footbridgebench

canopy

footbridge

footbridge tunnel

footbridge

bridgesipvDelft• Footbridges

by ipv Delft

DESIGN MANUALBRIEF DUTCH

FOR BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIANBRIDGES

BRIEF DUTCH DESIGN MANUAL FOR BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES

As one of the Netherland’s main bridge design offices, ipv Delft has focused on designing bicycle and pedestrian bridges for two decades. The company has used their extensive experience in bridge design to write this publication. This design manual focuses on the fundamentals of bridge design, answering practical questions regardign issues such as bridge width and slopes. It also lists the things that should be taken into account before starting on the actual design and it offers insight in the Dutch regulations regarding loads and collision forces. General advice on cost re-duction is also included and several of the company’s projects are shown to illustrate the theoretical contents. The Brief Dutch Design Manual for Bicycle and Pedestrian Bridges therefore is a vital source of both practical information and bridge design inspiration.

This publication is an English summary of the Dutch Design Manual for Bicycle and Pedestrian Bridges, which was published by CROW in 2014 and written by ipv Delft.

www.ipvdelft.comwww.crow.nl

ipv Delft creative engineers+31 15 750 25 75info@ipvdelft.nl

in cooperation with

BR

IEF DU

TCH

DESIG

N M

AN

UA

L FOR

BIC

YC

LE AN

D PED

ESTRIA

N B

RID

GES

CROWpublication342Dutch, by ipv Delft

SummaryCROWpublication342English, by ipv Delft

DutchDesignManual

FreeDownload:ipvdelft.com / publications

TrafficNetwork

Context

Users

Alignment

DesignChecklist

BridgeDesign

Budget

DutchDesignManual

AnalysisofRequirements

DesignDevelopment

Structure:FollowstheDevelopmentProcess

Why

ForWhom

What

DutchDesignManual

AnalysisofRequirements

DesignDevelopment

Structure:FollowstheDevelopmentProcess

Traffic Network

Context

Users

Alignment

Design Checklist

Bridge Design

Budget

by ipv Delft

DESIGN MANUALBRIEF DUTCH

FOR BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIANBRIDGES

BRIEF DUTCH DESIGN MANUAL FOR BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES

As one of the Netherland’s main bridge design offices, ipv Delft has focused on designing bicycle and pedestrian bridges for two decades. The company has used their extensive experience in bridge design to write this publication. This design manual focuses on the fundamentals of bridge design, answering practical questions regardign issues such as bridge width and slopes. It also lists the things that should be taken into account before starting on the actual design and it offers insight in the Dutch regulations regarding loads and collision forces. General advice on cost re-duction is also included and several of the company’s projects are shown to illustrate the theoretical contents. The Brief Dutch Design Manual for Bicycle and Pedestrian Bridges therefore is a vital source of both practical information and bridge design inspiration.

This publication is an English summary of the Dutch Design Manual for Bicycle and Pedestrian Bridges, which was published by CROW in 2014 and written by ipv Delft.

www.ipvdelft.comwww.crow.nl

ipv Delft creative engineers+31 15 750 25 75info@ipvdelft.nl

in cooperation with

BR

IEF DU

TCH

DESIG

N M

AN

UA

L FOR

BIC

YC

LE AN

D PED

ESTRIA

N B

RID

GES

DutchDesignManual

IntendedUsers:Allinvolveddisciplines&stakeholders

• Management

• Urban Planning

• Architects

• Structural engineering

• Trafficengineering

• Maintenance

• Contractors

• Advocates

• Local stakeholders

we should !

can’t we ? we try

(City)Engineers

(technical)

CitizensAdvocates

(social)

CityOfficials

(social)

Design(er)(technical)

(social)

we try

we try

do !

DutchDesignManual

IntendedGoal: CreateUnderstandingBetween representatives of Technical & Social requirements

Client Network Context Users Checklist Alignment DesignManagement

Engineering Traffic

Urban planning

Lighting

Maintenance

ConsultantsEngineer Architect

Subsoil

LocalBusinesses

Citizens

Advocates

Contractor

Analysis of Requirements Design DevelopmentInvolvementofdisciplines&stakeholders:De-Siloing the Process

DutchDesignManual

DutchDesignManual

TrafficNetworkFinding the best bridge location

Analyse• Network demand - regular users - number of users

• Route restrictions

• Adjacent route(A’, B’)

A’

B

A

B’

DutchDesignManual

TrafficNetworkAnalysis

CycleNetworkUtilitarianRecreational

aligmen

t1

aligmen

t2

alignment3

HighwayA2

Arterial

road

DutchDesignManual

TrafficNetworkAnalysisBridge Alignment 1

TrafficNetworkAnalysisBridge Alignment 2

DutchDesignManual

DutchDesignManual

BecauseCrossingsare:• Hard to Integrate

• Hard to Upgrade

• Advertisers / Kickstarters

• Gapclosers

B

A

TrafficNetwork: StartwiththeCrossings

DutchDesignManual

ContextLocationspecificrequirements&potentialbenefits

Analyse• Urban Planning

• Local Wishes

• Ecology

• Land Ownership

• Cables and Pipelines

• Subsurface Conditions

• PotentialBenefits

A’

B

A

B’

DutchDesignManual

Context:HistoryHistoric railroad truss bridge

DutchDesignManual

Context:HistoryNew bridges refer to history

DutchDesignManual

Context:HistoryNew bridges refer to history

Users

Determine• Needed Space

• Road Planning

• Loads

• Abuse Prevention

DutchDesignManual

RegularCyclists, Pedestrians,

Mopeds, Disabled vehicles

NotintendedNot intended vehicle,

Hooligans, ...

OccasionallyMaintenance,Emergency

Services

SpecialDisabled, Elderly,

Children

OtherUtility

companies ...

regular regular

special occasional

notintended

special special

regular

othernotintended notintended

bridgesUsersbridge &Intersectingfor a footbridge crossing a road

75cm

width distancesway

25cm25-80cm

DutchDesignManual cyclist measurements

32.5cm 62.5cm

50cm

railing wall

extrawidthincurve

DutchDesignManual cyclist distance to objects

32.5 2532.5 32.532.575 757550

1.4m 2,9m

cm cm

minimumoneway minimumtwowayincurve

DutchDesignManual cyclist deckwidth

BridgeusersCro

ssed

Users

Context

Network

DutchDesignManual

DesignChecklistNetwork

Context

Users

Regulations

Building Codes

ListofrequirementsGathering all requirements

DutchDesignManual

AlignmentFindingthebestcontextualfit,alignmentwiththecontextualrequirements

Takingintoaccount• Network

• Context

• Users - comfort - safety

A’

B

A

B’

Ramp aspects• Grade• Directness• Alternatives• Flatstretches

Alignment

DutchDesignManual

1%

3%

4%

5%

2%

6%

7%

8%

9%

10%

height(m)averagegrade(%)

more wind nuisancemore comfortable

less wind nuisanceless comfortable

Max.Z = 0.2

TargetZ = 0.075 Min.Z = 0.033

target normal circumstances

11%

1 2 3 54 6 7 8 9 100

RampDifficulty:Z= H²/L

Alignment:Grade

DutchDesignManual

Alignment:AlternativeRoutes

105m5.2%

200m2.8%

95m5.8%

190m2.9%

265m,2.1%

225m,2.4%

DutchDesignManual

25 m Flat stretches • over3-5mheight• inbendsinramp• atendoframp

BridgeusersCro

ssed

Users

Context

Network

DutchDesignManual

RequirementsNetwork, context & Users

DetermineBest Alignment &

Spatial Integration

StartingPointDetailed Bridge Design

BridgeDesignDesigning for the requirements

Analy

seDe

sign

Structure:FollowstheDevelopmentprocess

BridgeusersCro

ssed

Users

Context

Network

DutchDesignManual

TrafficNetwork

Context

Users

Alignment

DesignChecklist

BridgeDesign

Budget

Hovenring,Eindhoven

TheNetherlands

Eindhoven

NorthSea

English

Chann

el

Belgium

France

Germany

UnitedKingdom

Context(national)Eindhoven - population 220.000

Context(regional)Eindhoven - technology and innovation

BrainportEindhoven

SeaportRotterdam

AirportAmsterdam

Context(regional)Eindhoven - Brainport of the netherlands

A2A2

A2

Eindhoven

Veldhoven

Airport

Hovenring

A2

Network(regional)Project Location in the region

Eindhoven

Veldhoven

Airport

Hovenring

newarchbridge

A2

A2

A2

A2

Context(regional)Eindhoven - Brainport Avenue (highway A2)

Impressie wensbeeld

Context(regional)Eindhoven - Impression Brainport Avenue (highway A2)

Network(local)Project Location - old situation

HighwayA2

Eindhoven

Veldh

oven

Airport/Meerhoven

Eindhove

n/highway

• roundaboutcongestedwithcartraffic• trafficlightsforcyclistsandpedestrians

HighwayA2

Network(local)TrafficSituation

newHighwayconnection

HighwayA2

New developments• hightechbussinessareas• residentialareas• highwayconnection

high tech business area

residential area

residential area

residential areaVeldh

oven

Airport/Meerhoven

Eindhove

n/highway

Network,Context(local)New Developments

Hotel

Context(local)Commercial and Safety Requirements

GasstationCarrepairshop

Eindhoven

Veldhoven

Airport

Hovenring

EvoluonLightNeedle

A2

A2

newarchbridge

Context(regional)Existing Landmarks

Westcorridor Eindhoven

Light Needle

Context(regional)Existing landmarks

Hovenring Evoluon

?landmark bridge

future technology museumA2

252525 32.532.5 757575754.4 m

cm

UsersDeck Width

UsersNot intended visitors (Latin American mayor delegation 2017)

UsersMaintenance

• 9metrictonsmaintainancevehicle

• heightabovetheroad• collisonloads

UsersIntersecting Infrastructure

Client Network Context Users Checklist Alignment DesignManagement

Engineering

Traffic

Urban planning

Lighting

Maintenance

ConsultantsEngineer

Architect

Subsoil

Signage (National)

LocalBusinesses (Airport ..)

Cycling Advocates

Disabled Advocates

Analysis of Requirements Design Development

AnalysisofRequirementsInvolvement of all Disciplines & Stakeholders

Hovenring

Cross

Large roundabout

Ellipse

Small roundabout

AlignmentRoute and Bridgeform Study

AlignmentRoute and Bridgeform Study

toomuchweight

reasonablyefficient

notefficient

efficient

DesignConcept Evaluation

6.2 m

8.9 m3.4 m

4 m

1 m

4.5 m

4.5 mCable-stayed bridge

bridge diameter 72 m

Steel-ring bridge

DesignFinal Concepts

Counterweight

Cable-stayedbridgeSteel-ringbridge

spectacular and distinctAppearance spectacular and subtle

landmark visible form vicinity

landmark visible form afar

poorStructural Efficiency optimal

not distinctiveCosts not distinctive

DesignEvaluation Final Concepts

Gas stationCar repair shop

Hotel

AlignmentOptimization

2.0% 2.0%

2.0%

2.0%2.0%

2.0%

Grade versus Directness

hairpin bends

Gas stationCar repair shop

Hotel

1

2

33

4

4

direct routes

AlignmentOptimization

3.1% 2.0%

2.0%2.3%

2.3%

2.9%

Grade versus Directness

GasStation

Angular Tunnel

Round Tunnel

Bridge over entrance

AlignmentRamp Concepts in front of Gas Station

Bridge

EarthDam

AlignmentRamp Type

1%

3%

4%

5%

2%

6%

7%

8%

9%

10%

height(m)averagegrade(%)

more wind nuisancemore comfortable

less wind nuisanceless comfortable

Max.Z = 0.2

TargetZ = 0.075 Min.Z = 0.033

target normal circumstances

11%

1 2 3 54 6 7 8 9 100

RampDifficulty:Z= H²/L

1 3 24

AlignmentRamp Grade

Hovenring

CollisionLoads

CollisionLoadsSignage Portals as Anti-Collison Portals

CollisionLoadsCommonly used Signage Portals

CollisionLoadsCustom designed Anti-Collision Portals

CollisionLoadsAnti-Collision Portals proven usefull

CollisionLoadsAnti-Collision Portals proven usefull

CollisionLoadsAnti-Collision Portals proven usefull

CollisionLoadsAnti-Collision Portals - Cost-saving Filters

ThinkFilter!

CollisionLoadsPosition Pylon Foot

CollisionLoadsConcrete Barrrier Pylon Foot

CollisionLoadsConcrete Barrriers protect supports

M-shaped supports

StructuralDesignM-shaped supports ensure stability

StructuralDesignCustom Made M-shaped supports

concrete deck ballastpivot point

8.9 m3.7 m

1.25 m

4.5 m

concrete counterweight

StructuralDesignStructural Principle of circular bridge deck

• totaldeflectionallowedatouteredge:45mm• estimated self-frequency < 3 Hz• damping by adding extra weight (concrete)

concrete deck ballastpivot pointconcrete counterweight

StructuralDesignStructural Principle of circular bridge deck

counterweightstructural beampivot pointbridge deck

StructuralDesignBridge Deck and Counterweight

aluminium lamellas with translucent sheeting

one fluorescent tube

LightingDesignArchitectural Lighting

LightingDesignArchitectural Lighting

structural beam

aluminium lamellas with translucent sheeting

LightingDesignArchitectural Lighting

TechnicalSpace

BridgeDesignIntegrated Technical Space

LightingDesignDeck & Facial Lighting

LED deck lighting

wiring extruded al. handrail

fixation point

LED facial lighting

LightingDesignCustom Handrail with Integrated Lighting

facial lighting deck lighting

LightingDesignDeck & Facial Lighting

LED facial lightingfixation pointLED deck lighting

custom aluminium extrusion profile

LightingDesignCustom Handrail with Integrated Lighting

8 LED Floodlights

LightingDesignPylon Lighting

LightingDesignIntersection Lighting

LightingDesignIntersection Lighting

LightingDesignIntersection Lighting

LightingDesignIntersection Lighting

LightingDesignIntersection Lighting

IntegralDesignIntegrationoftrafficlights,lightingandsignage

DesignDetailsPylon Dimensions

Height 70 m Max. Diameter 2,2 mDiameter foot 0,8 m

DesigndetailsPylon Cable Anchorage

gussets and forksanchorage outside

conical socketsanchorage inside2 layers of 12 cables

All sockets can be inspected

from inside the pylon

DesigndetailsPylon Cable Anchorage

Ø 54.3 mØ 72 m

structural beamlocked coil cable Ø50, 55°

DesigndetailsDeck Cable Anchorage

tensioning anchors points

DesigndetailsDeck Cable Anchorage

bare conical socket

tensioning anchors points

DesigndetailsDeck Cable Anchorage

DesigndetailsCustom Deck Cable Anchorage Cover

custom socket cover

tensioning anchors points

DesigndetailsAccessibility Deck Cable Anchorage

DesigndetailsWind Induced Cable Vibrations

ipvDelftcreatieve ingenieurs

verlichting

Solution: 2 Types of Dampers

Designdetails Dampers to Prevent Wind Induced Cable Vibrations

LowFrequencyHighFrequency

8 Bend Parts type 1

4 Bend Parts type 2

4 Connector Bridges

ConstructionModularity

8.9 mL: 16 m

Ø 72 m

Construction Bend part Type 1

Division Pylon Door for InspectionOpenings for cable Anchorage

Construction Pylon

Construction Erecting Pylon

LIght for Air TrafficTransporter (spmt)

Construction Erecting Pylon

Transporter (spmt)

Construction Erecting Pylon

Construction Erecting Pylon

Construction Details Pylon Foot

Construction Erecting Pylon

Construction Erecting Pylon

Construction Erecting Pylon

Construction Erecting Pylon

Construction Attaching Cables

Construction Removing Temporary Supports

Construction Mounting Railings & Lighting

Client Network Context Users Checklist Alignment DesignManagement

Engineering

Traffic

Urban planning

Lighting

Maintenance

ConsultantsEngineer

Architect

Subsoil

Signage (National)

LocalBusinesses (Airport ..)

Cycling Advocates

Disabled Advocates

Analysis of Requirements Design Development

DevelopmentProcessInvolvement of all Disciplines & Stakeholders

Hovenring

HovenringFacts & Figures

CostsBridge € 6.3 million Intersection € 4.5 million

Funding Eindhoven 40%3 Grants 60%

Bridge Budget € 8.5 million

DaiilyUsersCars 25000 Cyclists 5000

DimensionsDeck width 4.5 mDeck Area 1300 m²Steel 1015 metric ton

UserExperience

Why

ForWhom

What

DutchDesignManual

AnalysisofRequirements

DesignDevelopment

AThoroughAnalysis

Traffic Network

Context

Users

Alignment

Design Checklist

Bridge Design

Budget

we should !

can’t we ? we try

(City)Engineers

(technical)

CitizensAdvocates

(social)

CityOfficials

(social)

Design(er)(technical)

(social)

we try

we try

do !

DutchDesignManual

CreateUnderstandingBetween representatives of Technical & Social requirements

Immerse yourself in theRequirements of other Stakeholders and become the Hub

DutchDesignManual

BecauseCrossingsare:• Hard to Integrate

• Hard to Upgrade

• Advertisers / Kickstarters

• Gapclosers

B

A

StartwiththeCrossings

• Loweringintersectionforcomfortableramps

ContextualBenefits

EindhovenHovenringbenefitsfromthecontext

8 Bend Parts type 1

4 Bend Parts type 2

4 Connector Bridges

ConstructionModularity

ThinkModular!

• EconomiesofScalebyrepeatingparts

CollisionLoadsAnti-Collision Portals - Cost-saving Filters

ThinkFilter!• Signageportalsashightrafficfilter

LED facial lightingfixation pointLED deck lighting

custom aluminium extrusion profile

LightingDesignCustom Handrail with Integrated Lighting

SeekIntegration!

UsersNot intended visitors (Latin American mayor delegation 2017)

SeekIntegration!

IntegralDesignIntegrationoftrafficlights,lightingandsignage

SeekIntegration!

ConclusionsTo develop bridges that satify all involved and their requirements:

• Analyse requirements thouroughly• Involve all from the start• Create understanding & openess• Start with the crossings• Seek - Modularity -ContextualBenefits - Filters - Integration & Optimization

- Be open to practical custom new solutions. - Bridges are almost never standard solutions.- A custom solution can be best and cheapest.

AdriaanKok ipvDelft creative engineers mail: adriaankok@ipvdelft.nl website: ipvdelft.nl or ipvdelft.com

by ipv Delft

DESIGN MANUALBRIEF DUTCH

FOR BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIANBRIDGES

BRIEF DUTCH DESIGN MANUAL FOR BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN BRIDGES

As one of the Netherland’s main bridge design offices, ipv Delft has focused on designing bicycle and pedestrian bridges for two decades. The company has used their extensive experience in bridge design to write this publication. This design manual focuses on the fundamentals of bridge design, answering practical questions regardign issues such as bridge width and slopes. It also lists the things that should be taken into account before starting on the actual design and it offers insight in the Dutch regulations regarding loads and collision forces. General advice on cost re-duction is also included and several of the company’s projects are shown to illustrate the theoretical contents. The Brief Dutch Design Manual for Bicycle and Pedestrian Bridges therefore is a vital source of both practical information and bridge design inspiration.

This publication is an English summary of the Dutch Design Manual for Bicycle and Pedestrian Bridges, which was published by CROW in 2014 and written by ipv Delft.

www.ipvdelft.comwww.crow.nl

ipv Delft creative engineers+31 15 750 25 75info@ipvdelft.nl

in cooperation with

BR

IEF DU

TCH

DESIG

N M

AN

UA

L FOR

BIC

YC

LE AN

D PED

ESTRIA

N B

RID

GES

FreeDownload:ipvdelft.com / publicationsAn

alyse

Desig

n

Traffic Network

Context

Users

Alignment

Design Checklist

Bridge Design

Budget

ThanksforyourAttention!