History Mindset What is the definition of revolution?

History Mindset

What is the definition of revolution?

Industrial Revolution

“Blood, Sweat, & Gears”

What do you notice?

Main Idea

Industrial Revolution: A gradual shift in the way people lived and worked.

Production shifted from hand tools to machines.

Beginning

The Industrial Revolution began in ENGLAND around 1750 and spread to the rest of Western Europe and the United States.

Why England?

Because England has what it takes to industrialize… natural resources, energy

sources, money, people, stable government….

Why England?

1. Natural Resources: England has large supply of coal and iron ore

Why England

2. Location: An island easy access to the sea, many natural harbors and navigable rivers

Why England?

3. Wealth: Church of England encouraged wealth so entrepreneurs (people who invested in new businesses) had money to invest in new inventions

Why England?

4. Workers

Enclosure Movement: Landlords fenced-in their lands and replaced people with sheep

Enclosure Movement

Process of enclosure sped up in the 1700s because farmers wanted to take advantage of new farming methods

BEFORE the Industrial RevolutionAgricultural Revolution:

improvements in farming methods that occurred before the IR

Crop Rotation improved soil fertility Improved Agricultural created a

surplus of food, which led to a population increase more people to work!

BEFORE the Industrial RevolutionCottage Industries:

People made things by hand at home

People supported themselves, self- sufficient

More people live in rural (country settings)

Early Industrial RevolutionThe first industry to

industrialize is the TEXTILE industry

Due to machines that make clothing

1764: Hargreaves invents Spinning Jenny, work 8 threads at once

Why Britain?

Industrialization needs a large labor supply. A better food supply led to the biggest population growth: 1680-1820: pop. doubled!

This increased demand for manufactured goods.

Agricultural productivity increased because of enclosure: farmers could make land more productive, introduced new crops

In order to industrialize, a nation musta democratic government a large amount of natural

resources a existing wealth an adequate food supply

Inventions of the Industrial

Revolution

Main Idea

• Advancements in technology produced the Industrial Revolution, while advancements in science and medicine altered the lives of people living in the new industrial cities. Cultural changes soon followed.

James HargreavesInvented the Spinning Jenny

James Watt

Invented the STEAM ENGINE

Eli Whitney

Invented the COTTON GIN

Peak of Industrialization (mid 1800s)

More inventions such as steel and iron

More things are made by machines

Factories develop (a large building in which machinery is used to manufacture goods)

More people move to the city

Result of the Industrial Revolutionconcentration of workers in

urban areas increased desire of the wealthy

class to share its power formation of powerful craft

guilds control of agricultural

production by governments

Results of Industrial Revolution

1. Urbanization: building of cities and people moving to cities

2. Population increase

3. Increased standards of living for many but not all

4. Increased education

Results of Industrial Revolution5.Environmental pollution

Air and water

Results of Industrial Revolution6. Dissatisfaction of working

class with working conditions

7. Growth of the middle class (social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business-people, and wealthy farmers)

Results of Industrial Revolution8. Improved transportation

Invention of cars, trains, steam boats…. Steam engine revolutionized

transportation, factories and improved iron production

BIG Effect of Industrial Revolution As countries used up their own natural resources

there was an increased demand for raw materials from the Americas, Asia, and Africa.

IMPERIALISM