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4th Baltic Sea Region
Cultural Heritage Forum
THE HISTORIC URBAN
LANDSCAPE APPROACH
Dr Lodovico Folin Calabi
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
10 September 2010, Riga
Global Phenomenon
Timbouktu
Timbouktu
Saint Petersburg
Background and Process within the
framework of World Heritage
• Request for new criteria for regulation and management
(UNESCO World Heritage Committee, July 2003)
• Vienna Memorandum, issued by the conference "World
Heritage and Contemporary Architecture - Managing the
Historic Urban Landscape” (Vienna, May 2005 )
• Request for new UNESCO Recommendation (July 2005)
• WH General Assembly “Declaration on the Conservation of
Historic Urban Landscapes” (October 2005)
Process
8 Expert Meetings:
• Jerusalem (June 2006)
• UNESCO Headquarters (September 2006)
• Saint Petersburg (February 2007)
• Olinda, Brazil (November 2007)
• UNESCO Headquarters (November 2008)
• Zanzibar, Tanzania (December 2009)
• Rio de Janeiro (December 2009)
• UNESCO Headquarters (February 2010)
Institutional Partners:
ICOMOS
ICCROM
UIA
IUCN
IFHP
IFLA
OWHC
AKTC
IAIA
World Bank
Process
• Request in 2009 for proposal to include the Historic Urban
Landscape in the Operational Guidelines
“Historic Urban Landscape shall be considered as an
approach, a management tool – and not an additional
category”
• Adoption by UNESCO General Conference of Resolution
35C/42 (October 2009) authorizing Director-General to
develop a new Recommendation on HUL to be discussed at
Inter-Governmental Meeting (Category 2) in Spring 2011
& submission to GC in Fall 2011
Process
• 2005 Vienna Memorandum = CATALYST to
initiate discussion and bridge the gap until adoption
of new Recommendation
• ICOMOS : Global Discussion Groups on HUL with
Revision of Washington Charter
• UNESCO WH Centre participated in dozens of
HUL conferences & seminars worldwide
• Historic Urban Landscapes perhaps most widely
discussed conservation topic at the moment
Background
Current Issues in Urban Conservation
• SETTING: old and new urban pressures
• CONTEXT: loss of tradition and continuity
• Developments happen OUTSIDE Conservation
Areas
• INSIDE: Limits of Acceptable Change?
• Discipline has NO TOOLS for Objective and
Scientific Assessment – INCONSISTENCY
• VALUES-Based (or SIGNIFICANCE-Led)
Conservation Management
Historic Urban Landscape:
A New Paradigm?
• Recognition of dynamic nature of living cities (vs. static “monuments” or “groups of buildings”):Change & Continuity
• Landscape approach to urban heritage: layering of significances
• Broadening of perception and new tools
• Broadening of OUV and Context (genius loci) as Guiding Principles
• Follow morphologies and typologies
• Visual, Socio-Economic and Heritage Impact Studies
• For all cities (not only those inscribed on World
Heritage!)
• Definition of Historic Urban Landscape as an
Approach, not a new category
• Concise and Comprehensive: tool for local
governments
• References to geo-cultural specificities to indicate
DIVERSITY of TRADITIONS, but adaptation to
local context is key
Draft Recommendation
2011
Adoption of the UNESCO
Recommendation on the Historic
Urban Landscape
Work-in-Progress
Please visit
• http://whc.unesco.org/en/cities
• http://whc.unesco.org/fr/villes
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