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Historic American Indians. Ute, Navajo, Goshute, Shoshone, and Pauite. Ute. 11 different bands of Utes lived in Utah They moved back and forth from the mountains They started using horses in the 1600’s Hunted bison Raided California Stole Paiute women and children and sold them as slaves. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ute, Navajo, Goshute, Shoshone, and Pauite
Historic American Indians
Ute
11 different bands of Utes lived in UtahThey moved back and forth from the
mountainsThey started using horses in the 1600’s
Hunted bisonRaided CaliforniaStole Paiute women and children and sold them
as slaves
Lived in small family groups. After they got horses, the groups became larger bands.
Had leaders, but not what we call “chiefs.” Some were spiritual leaders, some helped direct specific activities, and some just offered suggestions.
Traveled through larger regions hunting, fishing, and gathering plants throughout the seasons.
Gathered cactus, seeds, and roots to store for winter in buried baskets. Also hunted and dried meat for winter.
Told stories of creation and more during the winter.
Lived in brush shelters or tipis.Wore clothes made from shredded bark or animal
hides, and used rabbit-fur robes in winter.Used a medicine man to heal. Acquired horses, which let them travel more widely.
They could go to the Great Plains to hunt buffalo. Some also became skilled at stealing horses from California and elsewhere.
Stole women and children from Paiutes and Goshutes and sold them to the Spanish and Mexicans for slaves.
Knew the mountains well and used them for refuge.
Tipi at Kanosh in 1883
A Ute Warrior and his bride-1873 or 1874
He is said to have seen the Mormon Pioneers enter the Salt Lake Valley
A woman with a cradleboard in the 1940’s
Navajo
May have migrated from CanadaThey say they communicated with Ancient
Pueblo Native AmericansSpanish Explorers came and effected
Introduced sheep to Navajo peopleNavajo people started farming and herding
sheep because of them
Hogan
Child riding a donkey
Pouring batter into a pit to make ceremonial bread used in the Kin-nhl-dah celebration--when a girl reaches womanhood.
http://www.ilovehistory.utah.gov/people/first_peoples/tribes/navajo.html
Navajo Code Talkers
Goshute
Desert liversLived in family groups that moved around a lot finding
food.Spent much of their time looking for food, since they
lived in an area that did not have a lot of food sources.Hunted animals and birds, fished, and gathered insects
like grasshoppers and all kinds of plants, like cattails, to eat.
Ate pinyon pine nuts as an important part of their diet.Wore clothes woven from plants, with rabbitskin robes
in winter.
Lived in wikiups (round shelters made from brush).
Wove beautiful baskets for many uses, including winnowing seeds.
Used other tools such as pots, grinding stones, and flint knives.
Used sweat baths and sweat lodges.Used shamans to heal illnesses and guide
them.Camped in secluded places and told myths
and stories during the winter.Played a game that used a hoop and pole.
Goshute mother and child
A man on a horse-1924 near a Goshute reservation
Lived in Northeastern UtahTraveled in small extended-family groups,
living in caves, wickiups, or tepees.Gathered roots and plants.Used pinyon pine nuts as a major source of
food.
Shoshone
Gathered seeds and ground them into meal and made mush or bread.
Gathered berries like chokecherries, service berries, and gooseberries.
Wore clothing made from animal skins.Hunted small animals and birds like rabbits, squirrels,
ducks, grouse and doves.Hunted large animals like deer, elk, and antelope.Ate insects like crickets.Made pottery and baskets.Told stories during the winter.
A Shoshone leader in 1870
Lived in Southern UtahUtes sometimes would steal their woman and
children and sell them into slaveryMoved frequently to gather and hunt.Lived in cone-shaped wickiups (especially in
winter) or in the open air. Later some used tepees.
Paiute
Knew plants very well—they used at least 96 species of plants.Used the pinyon pine nut as an important food.Ate big and small animals, birds, reptiles, fish, and insects.Gathered and ate wild seeds, plants, roots.Caught fish and small animals.Prayed to influence the spirits of nature and to show respect and
gratitude. They called the most powerful spirit being “The One Who Made the Earth.”
Grew corn, squash, beans, sunflowers, wheat, melons.Wore clothing made from skins and plants; or wore little clothing
in warm weather.Traveled and lived in small family groups of 15-30.Wove baskets for storage and carrying water; hats; trays for
winnowing seeds; and bowls. Also made pottery.
Carrying water jugs with their heads
Wikiup
Wikiups
Hunter in St. George-1870’s
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