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Highlights of Immune System
Topic Outline Overview of the Immune System
1st and 2nd lines of Defense
The Immune System B cells The antibody & antibody diversity Vaccinations Breast Feeding Diagnostic applications T cells Allergies
Lines of Defense Physical and
Chemical
Immune system3rd line
1st and 2nd lines
First line of defense
Second line of defense Inflammation Phagocytic cells complement
3rd line of defense“The Immune System”
Summary Lines of Defense
INNATEACQUIRED
Immune System
B cells
T cells
Lymph nodes are contain high concentrations lymphocytes
Let’s look more closely at the B lymphocytes
B Cell: humoral or antibody mediated immunity
ANTIBODIES=IMMUNOGLOBULINS
Humoral Immunity
Matures in bone marrow Moves to lymph nodes (& other locations) Secretes antibodies “as plasma cell” Also creates “memory” B cells
B-lymphocyte
CLONAL SELECTION
Different classes of immunoglobulins or antibodies
IgM
IgG
IgA
IgDIgE
Antibody Diversity
Antibody genes are composed of segments
V J C
Somatic Recombination
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/Immunology/Flash/somaticrecomb.html
How are vaccinations related to immunity?
Active and Passive
Active Vaccinations: Antibody Production
Memory Cells!
Immune Benefits of Breast Feeding
IgA’s
The next part gets tricky
Onto T Cells
All T cells require cell to cell contact
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter24/animation__cytotoxic_t-cell_activity_against_target_cells__quiz_2_.html
CD8+CD4+
MHC=major histocompatibility complex: gene found on chromosome 6
Tissue Transplantation MHC proteins differ between individuals
Helper T Cell and MHC II
Antigen presentation
Cytotoxic T Cell and MHC I
Antigen presentation
CD8+ cell
Cytotoxic T cell= CD8+
B lymphocytes source of
antibodiesOverview of T lymphocytes
Cancer cell being attacked by cytotoxic T cells
After release of perforin
Allergies
B cell also directly stimulated
IgE
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