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HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT. Ronald D. Boyd Sr., PhD, PE, PI Distinguished Professor, Honeywell Professor, Director of the Thermal Science Research Center (TSRC), and TAMUS Regents Professor Roy G. Perry College of Engineering Mail Stop 2525 P.O. Box 519 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
Ronald D. Boyd Sr., PhD, PE, PIDistinguished Professor, Honeywell Professor, Director of the Thermal Science
Research Center (TSRC), and TAMUS Regents ProfessorRoy G. Perry College of Engineering
Mail Stop 2525P.O. Box 519
Prairie View A&M UniversityPrairie View, TX 77446-0519
E-mail: rdboyd@pvamu.eduPh: 936-261-9962 or 936-261-9971Fax: 936-261-9974 or 936-261-5046
Annual Plasma-Facing Component WorkshopMassachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Cambridge, MAJuly 8-10, 2009
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
OUTLINE BACKGROUND
Peaking Factor (Base-Line)ITER PFC MonoblockRecent LiteraturePassive Enhancement
SIMULATION METHODOLOGY SIMULATION METHODOLOGY RESULTS SELECTED EXPERIMENTAL PF DATA ONGOING WORK ACKNOWLEGMENTS
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
BACKGROUND
"ooq
φ
h(φ)
φ = 0 Deg.O 10
30
30
Unit mmAxix of Symmetry
Insulation
ri
Tb
Swirl Single-Phase Convection or Two-Phase Water Flow
Boiling (One Possibility For ITER)
H
w
Swirl Tape
r
φ = 0 Deg.
φ
h(φ)
t
Solid (k)
"
iwq
One Possibility (Base-Line Model) for PFC Monoblock High Heat Flux Removal (HHFR) for ITER. Another Possibility Uses a Hypervapotron Rather Than the Circular Flow Channel with a Twisted Tape. For DEMO, High Velocity Helium Gas and/or a Liquid Metal (e.g., Jet Impingement) Will be Coolant Candidates Rather Than Water.
max
")
"PEAKING FACTOR = PF wi
oo
q
q
PFC ITER Monoblock (M. Merola, Private Communication)
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND
ENHANCEMENTBACKGROUND
(continued)
maxwi)
As Noted by Escourbiac (December, 2008, Int.
HHFC Workshop, UCSD), Peaking Factors (PF)
are Used to Determine the Maximum Inside Wall
Coolant Flow Channel Heat Flux q From
the Monoblock Incident He "ooat Flux (q ).
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND
ENHANCEMENTBACKGROUND
(continued)
To this Presenter’s Knowledge, the PF Correlation by Boscary, Febre, and Schlosser
(Int. J.H.M. Trans., 42, 1999) Appears to be the Only One in the Technical Literature.
However, the Correlation was Applied Only to Glidcop A1-25 and Had No
Thermophysical or Thermal-Hydraulic Parameter Dependence for <
Critical Heat Flux (CHF) but Was Dependent on: (1) w/ri (2.66 < w/ri < 3.4), and (2)
t/ri (0.16 < t/ri < 0.6).
max
")wi
q
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND
ENHANCEMENTBACKGROUND
(continued) Federici and Raffray (J. Nucl. Mats., 244, 1997) Evaluated PF in
Copper Monoblocks With and Without 316 Stainless Steel Inserts.
Later, Raffray et al. (Fusion Engineering and Design, 45, 1999) Noted a Future Need to Better Assess PFs. PFs were Presented as Functions of t & w for a CFC Monoblock with a CuCrZr Tube Insert.
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND
ENHANCEMENTBACKGROUND
(continued)
PASSIVE HIGH HEAT FLUX ENHANCEMENT
In the 2008 Int. HHFC Workshop at UCSD, Escourbiac Noted That Enhancement is Possible When Defects are Located at = 0 degrees.
In 1994, Boyd (Fusion Technology, 25) Noted Enhancement is Possible for the Following Design Configurations:
Modified Channel Design for Improved Accommodation of HHF for the Single-Side Heated Configuration (qo = qoo and oo = /2).
.
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND
ENHANCEMENT
Insulation
Plane of Symmetry
φoo "ooq
φoo
HHFR Fluidor Coolant
Plane of Symmetry
Insulation
Solid
φ = 0 Deg.
φ
rri
ro
h(φ)
Tb
Simulation for Base-Line PFC Monoblock.
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND
ENHANCEMENTPF SIMULATION METHODOLOGY
"ooq
φ
h(φ)
φ = 0 Deg.
O 10
30
30
Unit mmAxix of Symmetry
Insulation
ri
Tb
H
w
Swirl Tape
r
φ = 0 Deg.
φ
h(φ)
t
Solid (k)
"
iwq
Plane of Symmetry
Greater Than 98% Accurate for Predicting PF and Peak Inside Flow Channel Temperature.Simulation Model Appears to be Applicable to Different
Monoblock Geometries, Monoblock Materials,Coolants, and Coolant Flow Regimes.
PF = f(t, w, H, ri, Bi), *hwhere Bi = Biot Number = .i
r
k
Note: Another Possibility for HHFR is the Hypervapotron, and it will be Added to this Work.
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
SELECTED EXPERIMENTAL PF DATA
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
Ref G P out Δtsub H1 H W Materials k ref r i Φi Φc PF
# (Mg/m2s) (Mpa) out (mm) (mm) (mm)
(W/mK) (mm) (MW/m2) (MW/m2
) Peaking
Mass Vel Exit ( °C ) ICHF Max Factor
or V P CHF
{m/s} at Wall
Fluid Vel
1 (15) 3.6 176 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 44.7 65.7 1.47
1 (10) 3.4 171 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 36.5 53.5 1.47
1 (15) 3.6 133 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 34.2 49.9 1.46
1 (10) 3.4 126 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 29.8 43.5 1.46
1 (15) 3.6 87 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 26 37.8 1.45
1 (11) 3.5 84 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 19.2 27.6 1.44
1 (16) 3.2 63 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 23.8 34.5 1.45
1 (16) 2.4 155 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 45.7 67.1 1.47
1 (14) 2.3 152 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 42.6 62.5 1.47
1 (16) 2.5 114 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 31 44.9 1.45
1 (15) 2.7 71 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 22.8 32.9 1.44
1 (14) 1.3 125 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 37.3 54.7 1.47
1 (10) 1.2 117 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 29.5 42.9 1.45
1 (5) 1 104 2.4 14.8 17 Cu- Al2O3 5 21 30.6 1.46
Boscary.J, Fabre. J, Schlosser J., “Critical Heat Flux of Water Subccoled Flow in One Side Heated Swirl Tubes” (Int. J.H.M. Trans., 42, 1999).
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
CONCLUSIONSA Conjugate Heat Transfer, High Heat Flux Simulation Methodology has Been Developed Which Accurately Predicts the Flow Channel: (1) Radial Heat Flux PF to Within Less Than 2% Inaccuracy, and (2) to Within Less Than 1%.Work is Proceeding to Extend This Simulation to PF and Correlations Which Include the Basic Monoblock Geometry, Fluid, and Thermal-Physical Parameters.
)maxwiT
)maxwiT
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
ONGOING WORK
Simulation PF Correlation Development Related Data Search
Model Validation/Verification
PF
)maxTwi
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
Inside Surface Heat Flux Map For An Externally Applied Single-Side Heat Flux, Where q = qo= constant and oo = /2.
HIGH HEAT FLUX PEAKING FACTORS AND ENHANCEMENT
ACKNOWLEDGMENTSTHE THERMAL SCIENCE RESEARCH CENTER (TSRC) IN THE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AT PRAIRIE VIEW A&M UNIVERSITY IS APPRECIATIVE TO THE OFFICE OF FUSION ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM (U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, DOE) FOR ITS SUPPORT OF THIS WORK UNDER CONTRACT #DEFG02-97ER54452. FINALLY, THE AUTHOR IS APPRECIATIVE TO MR. AARON M. MAY, MR. FRANCOIS MARTIN, AND MS. VIVIAN GLOVER FOR THEIR STEADFAST SUPPORT.
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