Harry Truman The Manhattan Project · – influenced by the Heartland Theory 1904 9 . Heartland...

The End of the War

• Harry Truman

• The Manhattan Project

– Atomic bomb

• The Dawn of the Atomic Age

– August 6, 1945 Hiroshima

– August 9, 1945 Nagasaki

– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tpZBSXuJ5yc

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Today’s Topics • Cold War

– What are the origins of the war?

– What is McCarthyism? – How did the fight against communism influence the

building of Dodger’ stadium in Los Angeles? – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HpYCplyBknI

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• End of War II 1945

• Planning the Postwar World

– Potsdam Conference

• Bretton Woods, New Hampshire

– The World Bank

– The International Monetary Fund

• The United Nations

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– World War II produced a radical redistribution of world power.

– Atlantic Charter

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Origins of the Cold War

– The only power that could rival the United States was the Soviet Union.

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• The Cold War • 1st confrontation took place in?

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• The Roots of Containment

– It seemed inevitable that the two major powers to emerge from the war would come into conflict.

• Containment 1946 – influenced by the Heartland Theory 1904

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Heartland Theory 1904

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• The Truman Doctrine

– Truman determined to put the policy of containment into effect.

– Backing for Greece and Turkey

– CIA 1947

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• The Marshall Plan

– A pledged to contribute billions of dollars to finance the economic recovery of Europe.

– One of the most successful foreign aid programs in history.

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Bales of American cotton in a warehouse at the

French port of Le Havre, 1949

• The Marshall Plan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lf0axpYS6CA

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• The Reconstruction of Japan

– General Douglas MacArthur, the “supreme commander” in Japan until 1948, Japan adopted a new, democratic constitution.

– http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/USA-Update/2015/0720/Mitsubishi-apologizes-for-using-American-WWII-POWs-as-forced-labor

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Map 23.1 Cold War Europe, 1956 15

• Cold War Politics

• 1st world NATO

• 2nd world Warsaw Pact

• 3rd world

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• The Cultural Cold War

– battle for the “hearts and minds” of people throughout the world.

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• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWbIJC57rk0

• Totalitarianism

– Origin WWII

– Used to describe Germany & Italy

• U.S. in 1954 includes “Under God” to the pledge allegiance.

• 1956 in currency

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McCarthyism

– Campaign to rid the of U.S. of communist infiltrators

– Targeted groups • Union leaders

• College professors

• actors

Chavez Ravine

• 1940s communities of La Loma, Palo Verde, and Bishop

• 300 families evicted