Happy Thanksgiving! 1. Have your Homework out: the completed lab AND the 2 nd side of the...

Happy Thanksgiving!

• 1. Have your Homework out: the completed lab AND the 2nd side of the photosynthesis worksheet with graphs. Exit slips back. Review with each other

• 2. current science• 3. Class Review: exit slip 3.1 & worksheets• 4. Exit slip 3.2• 5. Introduction to cellular respiration (3.3)!• HW: C.R. review sheet, Quiz on 3.1, Exit on 3.3• Have a wonderful break!!!

ENERGY EXIT

SLIP

REVIE

W

3.1.I FIRST QUESTION

• 1st law – energy never created or destroyed, only converted

• C. Describes photosynthesis – a perfectly acceptable transformation of energy

3.I.I SECOND QUESTION

• Exothermic reaction releases energy to drive endothermic reaction

Energy

3.I.I 3RD QUESTION

ATP is energy transfer molecule

Releases energy when split into ADP and P

3.1.II

3.I.II

Energy is lost as heat during every reaction

Energy lost as heat

3.I.III

• Grass loses about 90% of the energy it captures as heat

• Rabbits lose about 90% of energy they get from eating grass

• Only about 1% of the energy the grass contains is present by the time the lions eat the rabbits. The 99% is in the atmosphere as heat

3.I.III

• Everything you do you lose energy as heat

• Must replace that energy with food!

• To make more ATP etc.

PHOTO

SYNTH

ESIS R

EVIEW

WHY ARE PLANTS GREEN?

CHLOROPHYLL AND LIGHT

V B G Y O R

Other pigments still absorb some light

WHAT HAPPENS IN THE FALL?

GRAPHS

• In your groups sketch the graph on a whiteboard, as big as possible

• Make notes on the graph explaining what is occurring at major points on the graph

• Example:

Stu

dent

Happin

ess

Waking up

Breakfast

1st Period

Mr. Mahon’s class

Lunch

4th periodSch

ool’s

ou

t

EXIT SLIP

WHY DO WE NEED OXYGEN???

Don’t say to breathe. We breathe to get oxygen…

OXYGEN’S REACTIVITY

• Oxygen is very electronegative as an atom

• Doesn’t like sharing its electrons with other greedy atoms

• So O2 is extremely aggressive in ripping electrons off of molecules, releasing lots of energy in the process

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRVdXgwhv4M

POINT OF STEPS OF RESPIRATION

Release energy slowly and efficiently

CELLULA

R RESPI

RATIO

N –

THE P

LAY

A NOTE ABOUT OUR PLAY

• It is very, very over-simplified and generalized

• The exact amounts of everything are fictional to make it more simple to focus on the major themes of the play

ACTORS NEEDED

Carbon atom (6)

Oxygen atom (2)

Hydrogen atom (4)

ADP+P/ATP (6)

NAD+ (4)

Enzymes

ACT 1 -

GLYCOLS

YSIS

SETTIN

G – TH

E CYT

OSOL OF

THE C

ELL

WE BEGIN WITH GLUCOSE, NAD+ AND ADP+P

C C C C C CEN

ER

GY

EN

ER

GY

ELE

CTR

ON

S EN

ER

GY

ELE

CTR

ON

S EN

ER

GY

ELE

CTR

ON

S EN

ER

GY

ELE

CTR

ON

S

H H H H

NAD+ ADP+P

EN

ER

GY

GLYCOLYSIS ACTION

• Enzyme #1 splits glucose in half, releasing the energy shared by the two central carbons

• An ADP+P absorbs this energy and becomes ATP!

• A molecule of NAD+ takes an electron and energy and Hydrogen, forming NADH!

C C C C C C

EN

ER

GY

ELE

CTR

ON

S

EN

ER

GY

ELE

CTR

ON

S EN

ER

GY

ELE

CTR

ON

S

H

H

H H

NAD+ ATP

EN

ER

GY

ENERGYELECTRONS

2xPyruvate

Hang out until Act 3 Your role is done. Go contract a

muscle or drive an endothermic reaction

EN

ER

GY

ACT 2 –

THE K

REBS/

CITRIC

ACID

CYC

LE

SETTIN

G – TH

E INTE

RIOR O

F TH

E MIT

OCHONDRIA

ACTION

• Enzymes split apart all of the carbon atoms, converting them into CO2

• As this happens, 3 NAD+ remove electrons, energy and Hydrogens

• 1 ADP+P gets the energy the carbons had and becomes ATP

CO2

HNAD+ ATP

EN

ER

GY

ENERGYELECTRONS

Your role is done. Go contract a muscle or drive an endothermic reaction

3x

CO2

CO2

CO2

CO2 CO

2

Released to the world

Prepare for the grand finale

ACT 3 –

OXIDAT

IVE

PHOSPH

ORYLAT

ION

THE IN

NER MIT

OCHONDRIAL M

EMBRANE (CRIS

TAE)

O

HNAD+ENERGYELECTRONS

O

ADP+P

HNAD+ENERGYELECTRONS

HNAD+ENERGYELECTRONS

ADP+P

ADP+P

ADP+P

HNAD+ENERGYELECTRONS

ACTION

• Enzymes help Oxygen rip electrons and H from NADH

• 2 molecules of water are formed

• The energy each carries is used to turn 4 ADP+P into ATP

WE BEGIN WITH GLUCOSE, NAD+ AND ADP+P

OH

NAD+

ELECTRO

NS

O

HELE

CTR

ON

S

H

ATPENERGY

NAD+

NAD+

NAD+ELE

CTR

ON

S

ELECTRONS

H

ATPENERGY

ATPENERGY

ATPENERGY Available

for cellular work

Can go get more electrons

FINGiv

e ou

r won

derfu

l act

ors

a ro

und of

appla

use

GLYCOLYSIS IS UNIVERSAL

Every living thing ever studied requires ATP and is able to make it via glycolysis

AEROBIC RESPIRATION

Occurs in everything containing a mitochondria

All eukaryotes

AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Glucose + O2 + ADP Water + CO2 + ATP

RAPID REVIEWGlycolysis• Sugar split• Some ATP made• Electrons passed to NADH

Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle• Sugar fully broken into CO2• More ATP made• More electron carriers generated

Oxidative Phosphorylation• Electrons passed to Oxygen forming water• Energy released used to make LOTS of ATP

Mitochondria

WHAT IF THERE’S NO OXYGEN?????

• No oxidative phosphorylation

• But indirectly Krebs cycle also cannot occur

• Glycolysis is only option to make ATP

BUT WE NEED TO GET NAD+ BACK

• Fermentation allows NADH to give back electrons and H to become NAD+ again

• NAD+ can go break down more glucose to make some ATP

Glycolysis

Fermentation

Can’t breathe out. Builds up as a toxic waste product

TYPES OF RESPIRATION

ANAEROBIC•No oxygen used•Only glycolysis + fermentation•Few ATP made per glucose•Lactic acid builds up

AEROBIC•Oxygen used•Glycolysis + Krebs + Oxidative Phosphorylation•Lots of ATP made per glucose•CO2 breathed out

HW: REVIEW SHEET! QUIZ 3.1!

1. Want to know more? Try checking out the book.Maybe the internetGo watch crash course on you tube- there’s one for photosynthesis too.

2. Email me questions3. Remember to know your

vocabulary