Grounded Theory , qualitative research

Presented By

Maryam Pervaiz

MS Education, 2nd

Semester

Research is a systematized effort to gain new facts.”(Kumar yougesh, 2006).

Searching again and again

Published in 1967 by Glaser and Strauss

Study of concept

Systematic procedure

Develop higher level understanding that is “grounded” in

Aims to explain a process, not to test existing theory

Specific not generalize

Use multiple coding

Building theory from data

When you need explanation of a process

When current theories about a phenomena are either inadequate or non existent

When you wish to study some process such as how students developed as a writer

Contextualized social processes.

Produce theories that are truly grounded in the data

Grounded theory is what is, not what should

Aims to produce is knowledge of processes that reside in the data

Interested in the ways in which human actors negotiate social situations

‘The world’ that is studied by grounded theorists is very much a product of human contribution and compromise.

This is what grounded theory attempts to do by focusing on ‘process’ and ‘change

Researcher acts as a witness (observes carefully)

Not to import his or her own assumptions

Aim is to develop theories that do not move beyond the data

Interview

Historical records

Video tapes

Documents

Observations

The key points are marked with a series of code

Codes are grouped into similar concepts

From these concepts categories are formed

These categories are the basis of creating of a new theory

Open coding

Constant comparison

Axial Coding

Memoing

Theoretical sampling

Selective coding

Theoretical coding

Whether grounded theory design is best suited for the study

Reviewing existing literature

Identifying crucial research questions

Cases are selected through theoretical sampling

Collects the data

Identifying concepts through data collection

Make categories and sub categories

Develop visual model

Writes a story line connecting categories

Final result of data collection is theory

Emergent theory is now compared with literature

This theory may be tested later for empirical verification using quantitative research

It is inductive, contextual and process based in nature

The probability of measurement error is reduced since its starts at the empirical level and ends at conceptual level.

Emphasis on empirically derived concepts which makes it difficult to use abstract concepts and thus limits theorizing to a certain extent

Data are collected from a specific location, genralisability to another place is difficult.

Risk of finding something that is not new

Time consuming

Conclusion