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Global Regents Review Unit 3
Global Interactions Feudal Japan
Mongols
Global Trade/Black Death
Resurgence in Europe
African Civilizations
Japan Geography
O islands & mountains
O earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis
O rocky soil, hilly
O food comes from the Pacific Ocean (fish)
O ocean both protected & isolated it
Shintoism
O “way of the gods”
O Worship kami- spirits in all living /non living
things
O Helped unite Japan
O Temples found in nature
Cultural Diffusion
O From China & Korea
O Korea was a bridge betw. the 2 cultures
O Culture spread through trade and warfare
O Japan influenced by:
O Chinese writing
O Buddhism- Zen Buddhism-peace, simplicity,
nature
O Confucianism-filial piety, education, order
Feudal Japan
Who and What?
O Emperor- not much day- to- day power
O Shogun-military commanders, most power
O Daiymo-lords who got land from shogun in exchange
for protection
O Samuri-loyal to daiymo
O Lived by bushido code
O Honor was most imp.
O Peasants and artisans
O Merchants
Tokugawa Shogunate
O Golden Age
O Feudal
O Increased trade
Contributions of Tokugawa
O Zen Buddhism
O Kabuki theater
O Haiku poetry
O Tea ceremony
Essential Questions
O How did geographic features influence
Japanese culture?
O How was Japanese feudalism similar to
European feudalism?
O What were some contributions of the Golden
Age under Tokugawa?
The Mongols!!!
Mongol Empire
Mongol Warfare
O Used horses, bows, cannons
O “Borrowed” military technology from China
and Turkey
O Conquered China, Korea, Russia,
Constantinople, India
Pax Mongolia
O Remember Pax Romana?
O Pax= peace
O Silk Road in China used for trade
O Gunpowder, paper, porcelain
O Marco Polo explored China (when it was
ruled by the Mongols) and wrote about it-
introduced Europe to Chinese ideas and
goods
Silk Road
Impact of Mongols
O Showed religious tolerance to conquered
people
O Destroyed cities-looting and burning
O Absolute rule of Mongols became a model
for Russian rulers
O Isolated Russia
O Increased trade
Fall of Mongol Empire
O Empire too large-too many borders (like
Rome)
O Mongols no experience in gov’t
O Death of leaders
O Resentment among conquered people
Essential Questions
O What were some contributions of the
Mongols?
O How was the Golden Age of Mongols/Pax
Mongolia similar to other Golden Ages?
O Why did the Mongols lose power?
Trade Routes O China
O Silk Road
O Zheng He-admiral who sailed/ explored India,
Middle East, Africa
O Middle East
O Egypt, Byzantine Empire
O Italy
O Venice, Genoa
O Portugal began to explore Africa
Trade Fairs
O Lots of traders met where trade routes met
O Usually on rivers
O Became large trading centers/cities
O Hanseatic League- a band of German
traders who tried to help keep trade safe by
building lighthouses, controlling pirates and
training sailors
Trade led to…
O Cultural diffusion
O spices
O Black Death
Black Death
Effects of Black Death
O Loss of population (approx. 7000 people
died /day in just 1 city)
O Economic decline (farming and trade
dropped)
O Feudalism began to break down
O Peasants revolted
O Decline in the Church
O Jews were blamed
Essential Questions
O How did trade expand between China, Africa and Europe?
O What were some positive impacts of trade?
O What were some negative impacts of trade?
O How did the Black Death lead to the decline of feudalism?
Europe Recovers
O People left the manors (feudalism) and
moved to towns and cities
O Middle class grows stronger
O Merchants, artisans, traders
O Guilds began-like a union
O Trained apprentices, insured quality
O Banking began, insurance began, business
partnerships
Renaissance
O Means rebirth
O Rebirth from what? (Middle Ages)
O Began in Italy
O Merchants promoted arts
Humanism
O Emphasized individual achievements
O Studied ancient Greece and Rome
O Artists of the Renaissance
O Leonardo DaVinci
O Michaelangelo
O Shakespeare (England)
O Machiavelli-wrote The Prince about how to
maintain power “the end justifies the means”
Examples…
Contributions
O Painting-Mona Lisa, Sistine chapel
O Sculpture-David
O Architecture-Greek and Rome columns,
domes,
O Literature- Romeo & Juliet, The Prince,
O Printing press-increased literacy and books
Cultural Diffusion
Tupac, Machiavelli & Makavelli
O It is believed that Tupac studied Machiavelli while in prison and read The Prince while awaiting release.
O Fuelled by a shooting in New York and suspicions that his friends had prior knowledge of the shooting plans, Tupac became paranoid and distrusting of others while in California with Suge. Looking at the rap game as a war, with personal problems inflamed by media, Tupac grew violent and somewhat cynical in the years before his death. He most likely drew on the principles in The Prince to create his strategy in the music business, and therefore altered Machiavelli's name in homage to the philosopher. Releasing only one album under the name Makaveli, which was a posthumous album due to Tupac's unfortunate murder, Tupac rapped with an unmatched ferocity and challenged his enemies. The meaning of the Makaveli name may be that Tupac felt it was time to strategize in the hip hop world, as a metaphorical way of using Machiavelli's tactics in war and public-relations.
Essential Questions
O How did the Black Death lead to the
Renaissance?
O What was the primary belief of the
Renaissance?
O How is the Renaissance still significant
today?
The Reformation
O 1500’s Europe
O Groups broke away from the Catholic Church and formed new Christian churches-Protestant churches today
O Causes:
O Renaissance led to questioning the Church authority
O Strong monarchs/rulers
O Church corruption
O Martin Luther (NOT MLK) posted 95 Theses
95 Theses
O Argued against indulgences
O Indulgences- people could buy forgiveness
of sin and
O Luther excommunicated-thrown out of the
Church
O People reach heaven and are forgiven
through God-not through the Pope
Leaders of the Reformation
O Martin Luther
O John Calvin
O Believed in predestination-God determined
before the beginning of time who reaches
salvation
O His followers eventually settled the 13
colonies in America
Effects of Reformation
O Loss of religious unity in Europe
O Religious wars
O Inquistion-Church tried, tortured and killed
those suspected of having different beliefs
O New Protestant churches formed
O Lutheran, Calvinist, Anglican
O Jews driven to E. Europe
O Monarchs grew stronger
O Rise of nationalism-pride in ones country
Inquisition
Nationalism Begins kings/govt’s/countries began to exert their power as the Church lost
its power
O Britain/England
O Common law applied to all people
O Jury trials
O Magna Carta-limited King’s power
O Laws applied to King
O King could not raise taxes w/o consent
O Parliament-governing body in Britain
O Remember the Roman Senate?
O England became a Protestant nation under Elizabeth I
Essential Questions
O Why did the Church begin to lose power?
O Who were the leaders of the Reformation and what did they believe?
O What were some results of the Reformation?
O Why did the Reformation lead to a rise in nationalism?
African Civilizations
O Geographic features: desert, savanna, rain
forests, access to water
O Geography lead to formation of separate
kingdoms (like Greece, remember?)
O Bantu migration had spread metal working,
farming & language from W Africa to
South and East Africa
Ghana
O Ruled by a king
O Controlled gold and salt trade in W Africa
O Strong army
O Influenced by Muslim traders, advisors
Mali
O Conquered Ghana and most of W Africa
O Mansa Musa-emperor
O Controlled the gold trade routes through
army
O Built Timbuktu- city of trade & learning
Songhai
O Became largest W African empire
O Islamic
O Used bureaucracy to govern
O Gov’t officials controlling areas of an empire
O Controlled trade routes-salt & gold
Contributions
O Art of ivory, bronze, wood
O Education at Timbuktu
O Trade routes (lead to slavery also)
O Caravans used to trade
Essential Questions
O What were some examples of cultural
diffusion found in the African Civs?
O What trade routes/products did the African
kingdoms control?
O What were some of the contributions of
these civilzations
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