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Paintings bySharma. Dendrocalamus giganteus. Getting to Know the Bamboos. Bambusa vulgaris ‘Vittata”. Bambusa bambos var. gigantea. By Gib Cooper Tradewinds Bamboo Nursery at BAMBOODIRECT.COM. INTRODUCTION - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Getting to Know
the Bamboos
Bambusa bambos var. gigantea
Bambusa vulgaris ‘Vittata”
Paintings bySharma
Dendrocalamus giganteus
By Gib CooperTradewinds Bamboo Nursery at
BAMBOODIRECT.COM
INTRODUCTIONA basic review of the different
kinds of bamboo from around the world and where they perform in the USA. The different bamboo species are placed into several
groupings for gardeners.
HIMALAYACALAMUS HOOKERIANUS/BLUE BAMBOO
Getting to Know the Bamboos
• Introduction• Natural Distribution• Growing zones• Taxon..Oh..My!• Groupings:• Clumping• Not so clumping and
running• Dwarf bamboo
• Shrub bamboo• Tall Shrub bamboo• Timber bamboo• Cold tolerant• Heat tolerant• Temperate• Sub-tropical• Tropical
BAMBOO REGIONS OF THE WORLD
The natural distribution of bamboo in the
world.CHUSQUEA LIEBMANNII
USDA COLD HARDINESS MAP
Warm winters, cooler summers with cooler
nightime temperatures
Warm winters, hot summers with
warmer nightime temperatures
Heat plays a role, particularly the species with tropical and mountain origins.
Very Cold Hardy MountainBamboo and Temperate Runners Add thisZone for Temperate RunnersThe Not So Hardy Mountain Bambo Subtropical Clumpers and Tropicals in
the Southern Tips
Basic Grass PartsNames of bamboo and grass parts are used in discussing bamboo identity. There are many descriptive terms used to describe various features. These botanical terms are usually in Latin - a dead language.
Taxon..Oh..My!
FlowersShoots
CulmsSheaths
Leaves
Fargesia murielae var. SABE 939
Dendrocalamus asper
Guadua amplexifolia
Guadua angustifolia
Bambusa vulgaris Wamin striata
Guadua velutina
Sasa palmata
Chimonobambusa macrophylla ‘Intermedia’
Otatea acuminata aztecorum
Phyllostachys bambusoides
Dendrocalamus asper
D. Asper sheath hat!
Bambusa oldhamii
Phyllostachys edulis
MOSO BAMBOO (formerly P. heterocycla pubescens)
Phyllostachys aurea
Guadua aculeata
Bambusa vulgaris ‘Wamin’
Schizostachyum brachycladum
Gigantochloa atroviolacia
Dendrocalamus strictus
Phyllostachys flexuosa ‘Kimmei’
Guadua angustifolia (cuttings)
Otatea acuminata aztecorum
Olmeca reflexa
Rhipidocladum racemiflorum
Chusquea bilimekiiBambusa sp. Chusquea andina
Botanical Plant Names
Binomial system - Names consist of genus beginning in a capital letter followed by the species name in lower case letters-example: Phyllostachys aurea.
Variants consist of individuals from a differing population found in the wild, variants found in cultivated populations or hybrids between related species.
Standard species are those collected in the wild and brought into cultivation.
Phyllostachys aurea flavescens-inversa
Phyllostachys aurea ‘koi’
The Herbarium
• The ID of bamboo is determined by taxonomists using dried plant parts systematically collected, prepared and stored on herbarium sheets. The photo (right) shows many of the native bamboo sheets the internationally recognized XAL Herbarium at the Ecology Institute in Xalapa. The Institute and Clavijero Botanical Gardens is the home of the National Collection of Mexican Bamboo.
Dr. Lynn Clark collecting bamboo parts.
Sample Herbarium Sheet from the Ada Hayden Herbarium at Iowa State University of Chusquea riosaltensis collected by Lynn Clark in 1991
From Bamboo in the United StatesFrom American
Bamboos
An outline of the distinguishing characteristics of different bamboo genera. These differences are used as a guide to taxonomic identification.
Groupings: • Mountain Bamboo: These
are bamboo species from the higher elevations of the Andes, Central America or the Himalayan regions of India and China. Many of these species are fairly recent introductions and have not been trialed in all areas of the USA. All seem to do quite well along the West coast. Some do well in the Midwest and Middle Atlantic regions to New England. They do not like the desert regions, Texas or deep South. Consider not ordering these if warm summer nights are the norm. They do not mind warm days but need cool nights. These are risky to grow if you are in the hot climates.
Borinda boliana
Sino-Himalayan Bamboo
Fargesia nitida
Himalayacalamus falconeri ‘Damarapa’
Himalayacalamus
porcatus
Himalayacalamus
hookerianus
Latin America Cloud Forest Bamboo
Chusquea aperta
Chusquea sp. ‘las Vigas’
Chusquea bilimekii
Mexican botanists, Gilberto Cortés and Antonio Velasquez in the Cofre de Perote cloud forest.
Chusquea sp. (New?)
Tropical Clumpers:
• Bambusa chungii: These clumping bamboos are tropical in origin. Clumping bamboo can form tight thickets of culms or maintain culms a short distance apart. You should plant these far enough apart to walk between the clumps. These are the well behaved bamboo that stay put when planted. However, one must account for the eventual size of the mature clump mass to properly place the larger plants in the garden.
Gigantochloa sp.
Suwali
More tropical clumpers
Bambusa malingensis
Dendrocalamus membranaceous
Gigantochloa atroviolacia
Tropical Timber Bamboo• Guadua angustifolia:
Not so Clumping Guadua angustifolia
Guadua angustifolia
Long necked rhizomes can space the culms of some clumpers further apart than others.
Odd things to confuse• There are culm oddities that may
confuse a person in attempting to determine the I.D.of bamboos.
Phy. viridis Robert Young
(variant)
Phy. viridis Robert Young (normal)
A rare deformity
• Dwarf Bamboo:
Shibatea chinensis
Sasa veitchii
Pleioblastus variegatus/P. fortuniiPleioblastus viridi-striatus
Sasaella hidaensis
Peudosasa owatarii
Indocalamus tessellatus
Hibanobambusa tranquilans ‘Shiroshima
Chimonobambusa marmorea
Pleioblastus pygmaeus
Sasa palmata
Pleioblastus gramineus
Pleioblastus chino murakamianus
Sasaella masumeana albostriata
Phyllostachys aureosulcata ‘Spectabilis’
Semiarundinaria fastuosa
Phyllostachys nigra
Phyllostachys aurea
(topiary style)
Phyllostachys aureosulcata Aureocaulis
(2 branches at node is a trait of Phyllostachys
Phyllostachys
aureosulcata
Timber bamboo
Phyllostachys bambusoides
Phyllostachys heterocycla
pubescens / MOSO
Guadua angustifolia bi-color
Phyllostachys vivax
Cold tolerant bamboo
Bambusa oldhamii
Not-so cold tolerant?
Phyllostachys nuda
Phyllostachys bissetii
Fargesia robusta
Fargesia nitida
Fargesia murielae
Heat Loving Bamboo
• Not all bamboo can take the summer heat
Otatea acuminata aztecorum
Dendrocalamus strictus
Bambusa vulgaris ‘Vittata’
Temperate runners
Phyllostachys viridis ‘Robert Young’
Phyllostachys bambusoides
Phyllostachys nigra Henon
Phyllostachys nigra
Sub-tropical bamboo
Bambusa ventricosa
Bambusa oldhamii
Bambusa textilis
Bambusa multiplex
Bambusa malingensis
Tropical bamboo
Dendrocalamus asper
Guadua aculeata
Bambusa vulgaris
Vittata
Bambusa oldhamii Gigantochloa sp.
Dendrocalamus giganteus
D. Asper ‘Hitam’/Black Asper
Thrysostachys siamensis
Guadua angustifolia
Thank you
Pseudosasa japonica
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