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Georgia State Government
Georgia State Government Beyond
the Gold Dome
Dut
ies
and
Res
pons
ibil
itie
s as
a
citi
zen
You must be 18 old to vote, US
citizen, reside in the county
where you are voting. You
must register to vote and hold
valid photo identification.
Voting Requirements in
Georgia
Dut
ies
and
Res
pons
ibil
itie
s as
a
citi
zen
Voting
Paying taxes
Serving on a Jury
Obeying all laws
Participating in government at local, state, or national levels
Defending your country against its enemies
Voting Requirements in Georgia
Wha
t is
a co
nsti
tuti
on? The
document that
creates the
government for a nation or
state.
The Georgia Constitution
Bra
nche
s of
G
over
nmen
t System created so that each branch of
government can check or limit the powers of the
other branches
Checks and Balances
Bra
nche
s of
G
over
nmen
t Each branch of government has different duties,
powers and responsibilities
Separation of Powers
Bra
nche
s of
G
over
nmen
t Legislative Branch (creates and passes the law)
Executive Branch (Enforces the law)
Judicial Branch (interprets the law)
3 branches of government
Bra
nche
s of
G
over
nmen
t The Legislative Branch of Georgia is called Georgia General Assembly and is composed of the Senate
and the House of Representatives.
Legislative Branch
Bra
nche
s of
G
over
nmen
t Their purpose is to create and pass laws. These are elected officials.
Legislative Branch
How
is a
law
m
ade?
1.Drafting/the bill is written by a member of the General Assembly
2. Introduction/Introduced by a member, numbered and printed, sent to committee
5 Steps to Creating a Bill to become a law
How
is a
law
m
ade?
3. Committee Consideration/ considers bill and recommends that a.) the bill passes (with or without
changes), b.) that the bill does not pass,
C.) holds the bill
5 Steps to Creating a Bill to become a law
How
is a
law
m
ade?
4. Floor Consideration/House of Representatives (debates, amends, votes on the bill) if it passes, it goes to the Senate reviews bill using similar process, votes on bill, reaches agreement with the House of Representatives then the bill goes to the
5 Steps to Creating a Bill to become a law
How
is a
law
m
ade?
5. Governor Consideration/ can sign bill into law, take no action and the bill becomes a law, or veto the bill which will die unless overridden by a 2/3rds vote of the General Assembly
5 Steps to Creating a Bill to become a law
Who
col
lect
s th
e ta
xes?
County governments are funded by property taxes which constitutes the largest form of revenue for the county. This revenue helps to pay for your education!
Legislative Branch
Bra
nche
s of
G
over
nmen
t The largest branch of government.
The governor and lieutenant governor are under this branch
Responsible for implementing state laws and overseeing the operation of the state executive branch. Elected position
Executive Branch
The
Exe
cuti
ve b
ranc
h in
clud
es th
ese
posi
tion
s
These positions carries out the laws.•Governor – head of the
executive branch of Georgia
Nathan DealGovernor since January - 2011
The
Exe
cuti
ve b
ranc
h in
clud
es th
ese
posi
tion
s
These positions carries out the laws.• Lieutenant Governor– the “assistant” to
the governor (if the Governor were to die or resign, this position would become the new governor)
Casey CagleLieutenant Governor since January - 2007
Can serve an unlimited number of terms.
The
Exe
cuti
ve b
ranc
h in
clud
es th
ese
posi
tion
s
These positions carries out the laws.• Secretary of State– maintains the state’s
official records, supervises elections, and publishes laws passed by the legislature
Brian KempSecretary of State since
January - 2010
The
Exe
cuti
ve b
ranc
h in
clud
es th
ese
posi
tion
s
These positions carries out the laws.• State Commissioners–Agricultural
Department, Labor Department, Insurance Department, and Public Service Department
Insurance DepartmentRalph Hudgens
Agricultural DepartmentGary W. Black
Labor Dept.Mark Butler
The
Exe
cuti
ve b
ranc
h in
clud
es th
ese
posi
tion
s
These positions carries out the laws.• State School Superintendent– head of
the Department of Education
Richard WoodsState School
Superintendent since January - 2015
For
ms
of C
ity
Gov
ernm
ent
Mayor-Council (strong mayor) – Mayor has most of the powerThe mayor may appoint and remove departmental heads.
The mayor drafts and proposes a budget to city council.
The mayor possesses veto or line-item veto power.
The mayor officially represents the city on the state, national and international levels.
For
ms
of C
ity
Gov
ernm
ent
Mayor -Council (weak mayor) — Government in which the city council has most of the responsibilities and the mayor holds no special executive power.
Council-Manager_– council has power and mayor has little executive power, led by city manager
Municipalities- refers to cities and towns, each has its own government
For
ms
of C
ity
Gov
ernm
ent
Taxes –The largest source of revenue for the State of Georgia
Income TaxesSales TaxesAd Valorem Taxes
–The largest budget
expenditure for Georgia in 2015 is
proposed to be
education
$26.4Million
Bra
nche
s of
G
over
nmen
t The Judicial branch of Georgia’s government–Interpret the law
–Made up of the Supreme Court and all lower courts• Court of appeals• Superior Court• Local Courts
Judicial Branch
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e2 Types of JuvenilesA Juvenile is – any person between
the ages of 13-17 in Georgia
Delinquent juvenile – those under the age of seventeen who commit acts that would be considered crimes if committed by an adult (ages 13-17/burglary, car theft)
Unruly juvenile – those under the age of eighteen who commit acts that would not be crimes if committed by adults
running away from home, disobeying parents, being out between 12 midnight & 5am, truancy from school
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
eUnruly
JuvenilesUnruly juvenile – those under the age of eighteen who commit acts that would not be crimes if committed by adults
This is considered to be a Status Offense an action that is prohibited only to a certain class of people, and most often applied only to offenses committed by minors.)
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e
Juvenile / Due Process
To be notified in writing of the charges against them
To be represented by an attorney
To call witnesses
You have the right to…
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e
Juvenile / Due Process
To confront and cross-examine witnesses against you
To present a defense, introduce evidence, and testify on your own behalf
You have the right to…
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e
Juvenile / Due Process
Not to be found guilty solely on the basis of a confession
Not to have their names or photographs made public on a first offense (unless being tried as an adult)
You have the right to…
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e
Steps that will happen if you are
taken into custody but not
arrested…
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e
1st step intake investigation- parents are notified. Juvenile court officer decides whether to place child temporarily in a juvenile detention center or release the child to parents.
2nd step detention- probable cause is determined/is there enough evidence against juvenile. Judge can dismiss case, informal adjustment/admit wrongdoing, pay for damages, community service/Case may end here.
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e
3rd step formal hearing/Adjudicatory hearing/like a trial/no jury-person the crime is against files a petition, and a summons is issued/juvenile & parents must attend hearing before judge. Judge hears case if found innocent juvenile is released. If guilty next hearing is held.
.
Juve
nile
Ju
stic
e
4th step is sentencing/Dispositional Hearing – Juvenile and parents appear in juvenile court. Prosecutor and defense may present evidence to sway the judge. Judge determines the punishment for the crime.
Judge may
1. release to parents
2. place on probation
3. 90 days Youth Center
4. put into Department of
Juvenile Justice facility.
All
Jus
tice
• Serious criminal crimes are called felonies.
– Minor crimes such as petty theft (value of less than $500), disorderly conduct, less serious assaults, and drunk driving are generally misdemeanor offenses. The jail and prison sentences for these crimes do not usually apply to a minor, because he or she cannot be found guilty of a "crime."
Serious crimes
7 D
eadl
y S
ins
Certain violent crimes in which a youth could be tried as an adult /carries at least a 10 year sentence
• Murder, Rape, Armed Robbery, Aggravated Child Molestation, Aggravated Sodomy, Aggravated Sexual Battery, and Kidnapping
Recommended