Geophysics of Chemical Heterogeneity€¦ · Mantle Heterogeneity Hofmann & White (1982)...

GeophysicsofChemicalHeterogeneity

LarsStixrudeUniversityCollegeLondon

ChemicalGeodynamics

LLSVP

Bolton&Masters(2001)JGRNietal.(2002)ScienceFrost&Rost (2014)EPSL

Bouysee etal.(2010)

rd,hd~50 km

rc, hc~7 km

Stixrude&Lithgow-Bertelloni (2012)AREPS

Mantle Heterogeneity

Green & Ringwood (1967)

Stixrude&Lithgow-Bertelloni (2012)AREPS

Mantle Heterogeneity

Hofmann & White (1982)

Allegre & Turcotte (1986)

Stixrude&Lithgow-Bertelloni (2012)AREPS

Mantle Heterogeneity

Stixrude&Lithgow-Bertelloni (2012)AREPS

HeFESTo

Irifune & Isshiki (1998)

Robie & Hemingway (1995)

Anderson & Isaak (1995)

Morishima et al. (1994); Suzuki et al. (2000); Fei et al. (2004); Yang & Ghose (1995); Boyd et al. (1964); Pacalo & Gasparik (1990); Presnall et al. (1998); Ita & Navrotsky (1985); Hirose et al. (2001); Woodland & Angel (1997); Bohlen et al. (1980); Akimoto & Syono (1970); Katsura et al. (1998); Yagi et al. (1987); Sen (1985); Irifune et al. (1986); Irifune (1987, 1994); Klemme & O’Neill (2000)

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G σij ,T,! n ( )

Stixrude&Lithgow-Bertelloni (2005,2011)GJI

Xu etal.(2008)EPSL

ObservedComputed from MM model via ray-tracing

Ritsema et al. (2009) EPSL

EA

MM

Tomography

Ritsema etal.(2009)EPSL

Basaltvs.Harzburgite

dlnVS (%

)

Stixrude&Lithgow-Bertelloni (2012)AREPS

Xu etal.(2008)EPSL

Zhangetal.(2013)EPSL

Zhangetal.(2013)EPSL

Zhangetal.(2013)EPSL

Tsuchiyaetal.(2006)PRL

FirstPrinciplesMolecularDynamics

(Mg0.75Fe0.25)O

Holmström &Stixrude(2016)PRB

Holmstrom & Stixrude (2015) PRL

HighSpinFraction

Holmstrom & Stixrude (2015) PRL

OriginofMixedSpinState

0

2 0

2 2

0

Holmstrom & Stixrude (2015) PRL

MetallicMelt

Zhangetal.(2015)GRL