Future Directions in Research Networking - A Perspective from Europe

Future Directions in Research Networking - A Perspective from

Europe

Dai Davies : General Manager : DANTE Ltd

dai.davies@dante.org.uk

www.dante.net

16th APAN MeetingAdvanced Network Conference

Busan KoreaAugust 2003

The Ages of European Research Networking

•The Pioneering Age (1980 - 1988)

•The Rationing Age (1988 - 1996)

•The Co-operation Age (1996 -

2001)

•The Age of the GÉANT (2001 - )

Technology Available 1991-2002

Period Most performant DataLink TechnologyAvailable

Technology Availablein pan-EuropeanNetwork

Technology Availablein United StatesNetwork

1991 - 1995 34/45 Mbps PDH 2 Mbps PDH 45 Mbps PDH1996 - 1997 155 Mbps SDH 45 Mbps PDH 155 Mbps SDH1997 - 2000 622 Mbps SDH 155 Mbps SDH 622 Mbps SDH2000 + 10 Gbps DWDM 10 Gbps DWDM 2.5 Gbps DWDM

Price Trends pan-European Connectivity

1

10

100

1000

10000

100000

1000000

1996 1997 1998-9 1999-2000 2000-01 2002

average offer price

lowest offer price

GÉANT Topology June 2003

•Huge Increase in Network Capacity

–TEN-155 3 Gbps

–GÉANT 150 Gbps

• 9 “10 Gbps” Accesses

• 20 Gbps Global Interconnection

• Regional Initiatives

– Mediterranean

– Latin America

GÉANT

•Divergence of Costs

•New Usage patterns

•Hardware Costs

•Global Developments

GÉANT Issues

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Range of Shared Costs Range of Connectivity Smoothing of Shared Costs

1996

1999

2002

Divergence of Costs

Support for European VLBI

Radio Telescope

Correlator

Data Flows(RT or non-RT)

EVN Traffic Flows over GÉANT

UK

SE

FR

NLBE

DE1

DE2

CZ

PL

CH

IT

AT

SURFnet

JANET

GARR

PSNC

DFN

NORDUnet

2.5G10G

256M 512M ?1G

JIVE

• 10 Gbps Router Interface

• Transmission Costs

• Switched and Routed Architecture

• 40 Gbps Interface

Hardware Costs

Europe - Where Next...….?

•40 Gbps Technology Cost

•Multiple 2.5 Gbps or 10 Gbps wavelengths

•Interfacing Costs

– Routers

– Switches

Is Speed Everything?

• Enhanced Network Security

• Role of DIY Transmission

• New Architecture

• Resource Allocation

• Move from Connectivity to Controlability

Technical Challenges

• Increasing Divergence of Costs

• Transmission is Distance Dependent Cost

• New Usage Patterns

Cost Challenges

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

250 400 550 700 850 1000 1150 1300 1450 1600 1750 1900 2050

Length of Span

One lambda

two lambdas

three lambdas

DWDM Cost Data

• Today Ad-Hoc Organisation

• Question of Who Pays

• Inter-Regional Organisation

• Global Demand?

Global Co-operation

• We are Deploying the Most Advanced Technology

• Can we Control it?

• Will we be able to Continue to Afford it?

Summary