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Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior approval.
Frontiers of Synchrophasor Solutions Deployment
March 30, 2017
Vijay Sukhavasi , Manu Parashar, Anil Jampala
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Key Needs
March 30, 2017Presentation Title 2
With over 40 WAMS solutions deployed worldwide, there are some
common needs identified for the next-generation WAMS:
Data Quality: Ability to detect and repair corrupt data or data gaps.
Operator Guidance: Need to provide corrective actions on synchrophasor-based
monitoring.
Operator Training: Need for a training environment to familiarize operators/dispatchers on
synchrophasor apps.
Engineering Applications: Provide offline analysis tools for operating engineers and
planners, to effectively support real-time operations.
Scalability: Next-gen architectures will need to handle 1000s PMUs (e.g. URTDSM, India
& ONS, Brazil)
Extensibility: Need to support new, not yet thought of applications as well as 3rd party
apps.
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Data Quality
March 30, 2017Dynamic DTS 3
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
WAMS System Architecture at PG&E
Courtesy: Vahid Madani, PG&EArchitecture Supports both Redundant and Duplicate Data
End-to-end redundant architecture
to minimize data loss:
Redundant PMUs, PDCs
Duplicate data streams.
HA ‘Active-Active’ WAMS App
Servers.
EMS Redundancy.
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
• Benefits
• Back up to existing EMS SE (provides an alternate layer of visibility).
• PMU data validation (detect bad data) including topology errors.
• Correct for problematic CT and PT errors.
• Concepts
• State estimator driven purely with PMUs (i.e. “state measurement”).
• Operates at the sub-second cycle (tracking the PMU data).
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5
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20
25
30
35
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Voltage Angle
Voltage Angle Estimated
30 degree bias
PMU-based State Estimation (Linear State Estimator)
LSE can detect and correct for PMU data errors.
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Study LSE : Measurement Data Cleansing
Raw voltage angle
measurement with 10
(deg) bias
Correctly estimated
voltage angle by LSE
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Operator Guidance
March 30, 2017Dynamic DTS 7
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Dynamic/Static
Limit (DSA Tools)
Correct (NETSENS)
Predict (LODF)
Angle-based Grid ManagementHolistic Approach to Angle-based Grid Management
Angle Monitoring
Transforming WAMS angle-based MONITORING into OPERATOR GUIDANCE
Observe ● Analyze ● Predict ● Correct
KEY BENEFITS
- Independent of State Estimation function (measurement & topology based approach).
- Capable of making recommendations for corrective control actions.
δ
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
10
CONCEPT USED
- Topology-based Network Sensitivities (similar to LODF)
Realtime Post-CTG Angle Difference Prediction for a Source-Sink
Pair based on present PMU measurements & TopologyPost-CTG Angle Difference &
Post-CTG % Loading
Angle Limits Dynamically
Updated based on DSA-VSAT
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
11
Realtime Post-CTG Angle Difference Correction for a Source-Sink
Pair based on present PMU measurements & Topology
CONCEPT USED
- Topology-based Network Sensitivities (similar to LODF)
Post-CTG Angle Difference
Control Sensitivities (Relative)
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
13
Realtime Detection & Identification of the Location of Islanding
Events
KEY BENEFIT
- Gives a good visibility to the operator in identifying the cause of island formation
Cause & Location of
Islanding Event
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
14
Realtime Monitoring of the Interfaces of each Island & the
Conditions needed for Resynchronization
KEY BENEFIT
- Gives a good visibility to the operator regarding the paths available for merging islands
Interface (Synchronization
Path) between Two Islands
Conditions for Island
Resynchronization
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
15
Realtime Detection & Identification of the Location of Island
Resynchronization Events
KEY BENEFIT
- Gives a good visibility to the operator in identifying the restoration action taken
Cause & Location of
Island Resynchronization
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Hybrid (WAMS & EMS) Training Simulator
March 30, 2017Presentation Title 16
Integration of Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS) and a Transient Simulation Engine (PowerTech TSAT).
EMS Platform
Integrated Dispatcher Training System:
• Real-time simulator based on Powertech TSAT
• Simulated data is fed directly into PP as C37.118 streams
• Data is also downsampledand sent to the EMS & DSA Tools
• EMS integrated with PhasorPoint and DSA tools
PhasorPoint
Training Server
DSA tools
Central PDC
Application
Services
Data Services
Load Flow Simulation
Dispatch Control ETV Engine
Dynamic
Grid Simulator
Control Room
Training Environment
Operator in Training
Downsampling
alarms
Simulated
C37.118 Data
Powertech TSAT
Environment
Shaping the next-generation DTS/OTS
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Example: Islanding Condition Scenario using DDTS
March 30, 2017Presentation Title 17
Admin DTS Controls (Breaker Opening) Operator Visualization
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Engineering Applications
March 30, 2017Dynamic DTS 18
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Post-Event Analysis: Overview of May 30, 2013 Event (courtesy PG&E)
19
2000MW
Gen drop
DC
Intertie
DC Intertie
restarted
Series
Capacitors
bypassed
Shunt
Capacitors
removed
Frequency
recovered
Series and Shunt
Capacitors
inserted
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
• MODEL VALIDATION
−Power Plant Model Validation
−NERC Compliance (MOD 26, 27)
courtesy: BPA
Dynamic Model Validation – Forced Simulation
MEASUREMEN
T
Simulation
VERIFICATIONComparing measured and simulated results
Oscillations (FRQ, DAMP, MODE SHAPE, SOURCES)
Phasor Measurements
CALIBRATIONTuning generator dynamic model parameters
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Power Plant Model Validation & Calibration
Simulation Reconstruction
PMU Observation
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
22
COMPLIANCE Monitoring: BAL003 Frequency Response(May 30th 2013 PDCI Event Analysis)
Min Frequency: 59.70Hz
Estimated Beta: 1230.53 MW/0.1HzCourtesy Vahid Madani, PG&E
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Scalability and Extensibility
March 30, 2017Dynamic DTS 23
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Central vs. Distributed Architecture
PDC
PMU PMU PMU
RT/OL Apps Server
TO/TSO #N
Ground WAMS - CENTRAL Predix Cloud WAMS - DISTRIBUTED
PDC
PMU PMU PMU PDC
PMU PMU
RT/OL Apps Server
PDC
Transm Owner / System
Operator
Support
PDC
Other
TO/TSO
DNO
Vendor
Central PDC
PMU PMU PMU
RT Apps Server
TO/TSO #1
PDC
PMU
DNO #M
PMU
PMU
PDC
PMU PMU
Industrial &
DG
Authorised
user
PDC
PMU
DNO #1
PMU
PMU
Data Analytics Visualisation
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
Modular & Distributed WAMS Infrastructure
Distributed Architecture
Distributed WAMS
Infrastructure Phasor Data Concentrator
Application Server
Historian
Storage
Confidential. Not to be copied, distributed, or reproduced without prior
approval.
WAMS Cloud-based Visualization
March 30, 2017Presentation Title 26
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