Flip book

Transcription & Translation Flipbook.

Meghen Young

Transcription

• RNA polymerase binds to DNA and unwinds it.

• RNA polymerase to promoter region of DNA.

• RNA hits stop codon and releases mRNA.

• mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.

Cell

Nucleus

Nucleus

DNA

RNA polymerase

= Adenine = Thymine = Cytosine = Guanine

RNA polymerase

Start Codon

t

A

Promoter Region

C

G

Coding Region

RNA polymerase

RNAP reads DNA and creates mRNA

Coding Region

A

U

RNA polymerase

Coding Region

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

G

RNA polymerase

Coding Region

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

G

RNA polymerase

T

A

RNA polymerase

Coding Region

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

G

RNA polymerase

T

A

RNA polymerase

G

C

RNA polymerase

Coding Region

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

G

RNA polymerase

T

A

RNA polymerase

G

C

RNA polymerase

A

U

RNA polymerase

Coding Region

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

G

RNA polymerase

T

A

RNA polymerase

G

C

RNA polymerase

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

RNA polymerase

G

Coding Region

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

G

RNA polymerase

T

A

RNA polymerase

G

C

RNA polymerase

A

U

RNA polymerase

C

RNA polymerase

G

T

RNA polymerase

A

mRNA strand

Starting Codon

Terminating Codon

The mRNA is complete

DNA

Nuclear Pore

mRNA moves through nuclear pore

Translation

• rRNA forms ribosomes• mRNA binds to ribosome and is all read.• Amino Acids attached to tRNA bind with

peptide bonds.• Ribosomes hit stop codon and then completes

the protein.

RNARibosomes

Inside the cytoplasm

A U G

U

A C

RibosometRNA anti-codon

(MET) Amino Acid

C A G U C A U G C C A UU G

mRNA strand bases

A U C

A U G

U

A C

RibosometRNA anti-codon

(MET)

Amino Acid

C A G U C A U G C C A UU G

mRNA strand bases

G

(VAL)

U C

A U C

A U G

U

A C

RibosometRNA anti-codon

(MET)

Amino Acid

C A G U C A U G C C A UU G

mRNA strand bases

G

(VAL)

U C

(SER)

A G U

A U C

A U G

U

A C

RibosometRNA anti-codon

(MET)

Amino Acid

C A G U C A U GC C A UU G

mRNA strand bases

G

(VAL)

U C

(SER)

A G U

(THR)

A C G

A U C

A U G

U

A C

RibosometRNA anti-codon

(MET)

Amino Acid

C A G U C A U GC C A UU G

mRNA strand bases

G

(VAL)

U C

(SER)

A G U

(THR)

A C G

(VAL)

G U A

A U C

A U G

U

A C

RibosometRNA anti-codon

(MET)

Amino Acid

C A G U C A U GC C A UU G

mRNA strand bases

G

(VAL)

U C

(SER)

A G U

(THR)

A C G

(VAL)

G U A

(THR)

A U C

STOP

U A G

Completed Protein

Peptide Bond

Amino Acids

Summary

• Transcription:• First, RNA polymerase binds to DNA and unwinds it. Then,

RNA polymerase binds to promoter region of DNA. After that, RNA polymerase reads DNA and creates mRNA. Then, RNA polymerase hits a stop codon and realeases mRNA. Last, mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters cytoplasm.

• Translation:• First, rRNA forms ribosomes. Then, mRNA binds to ribosomes

and is read. After, tRNA proof reads mRNA and transfers amino acids. Then, amino acids attached to the tRNA and bind with the peptide bond. Last, ribosomes hits stop codon and completes the protein.