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A systematic approach to a dive team’s search beneath the surface of the water is
required to manage risk. The three primary risk factors when a diver is in the wa-
ter are:
The safety of the diver executing the search
The risk of not finding the object of the search
The inability to rule out that the object is in the search area
The first step to manage these risk factors is to use discretionary time and scenar-
io-based training to identify, define and practice safe effective search patterns. This
type of training creates the ideal situations to detect realistic problems divers may
encounter. With the problem identified, corrective action is implemented and re-
hearsed repeatedly to improve search pattern execution. The corrective action is
practiced under realistic conditions in the dive team’s response areas. Keep in
mind that search patterns must be conducted with minimum waste or effort which
results from practice before the water rescue response. Because time is the vic-
tim’s biggest adversary, the more efficient the execution of the search pattern, the
better the chances for a victim rescue.
A search pattern should meet the benchmarks for safety, simplicity and effective-
ness as identified in public safety dive best practices. The search pattern should
also be suitable for different underwater conditions and a variety of objects. There
is no universal search pattern that meets the needs of every underwater search
operation, however, there are times when teams devise patterns to meet their
local regional needs. In these instances, ensure that the search pattern in-
corp4orates the following standards for safety and effectiveness.
Provides clear and constant electronic communications between diver and line
tender
Furnishes two or more ways for the diver to communicate that he or she
needs help
Provides inherent capability to locate a lost diver
Continued on page 2
Public Safety Diver Search Patterns
International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
Association News Feb-Apr, 2016
Inside this issue:
www.iadrs.org
970-482-1562
PSD Search Patterns 1
PSD Search Patterns
(Continued) 2
The “No Dive” Decision 2
The “No Dive” Decision
(Continued) 3
PSD Entanglement Hazards 3
PSD Entanglement Hazards
(Continued)
Leadership Corner
4
4
Dive Rescue International
Training Calendar 5
International Public Safety
Diver Conference 6-11
SEE YOU IN
INDIANAPOLIS
12
Follow the IADRS:
IADRS@IADRS911
Facebook Facebook.com/
IADRSPSD
Creates a physical connection (search line or communication line) between diver and line tender
Equips divers with a method to release themselves from the physical connect in an emergency
(release from search line in an emergency)
Includes a safety diver and a 90% diver topside ready to deploy
Establishes a pattern starting at a known point, covering a known area, and ending at a known
point
Adapts to various underwater environments
Marks found objects
Finds objects of various sizes
Accommodates either shore or boat based operations
To find an object underwater or determine the object is not in an area, an established method
of search is necessary. Executing sub-surface diver based search patterns requires committing the pub-
lic safety diver to the hostile underwater environment. With diver safety being the first priority, dive
teams should consider using unmanned technology to perform the underwater search. The advances in
sonar and remotely operated vehicles (ROV) have made them relatively easy to use and reasonably
affordable. Side scanning or sector scanning technology can be used to clear large areas of water much
faster than a swimming diver and the ROV can be used to interrogate targets identified by the sonar.
The types of auxiliary systems on an ROV varies, but many are equipped with high definition cameras,
sonar and a grappling device to grab and possibly retrieve items from depth.
The public safety dive team’s strategic priorities of Life Safety, Incident Stabilization and Proper-
ty/Environmental Conservation require a risk management system to protect divers conducting these
search patterns. Following the safety benchmarks for search patterns is a critical component of that
risk management system.
References: Dive Rescue International, Dive Rescue Specialist—Operational Training of Public Safety Divers, Steven Orusa, 2007
Of the many parts of a dive team’s risk management plan, the “No-Dive Decision” is composed of a
two-decision process. The first is in the hands of the public safety dive team, where the team does a
careful Risk/Benefit Analysis before committing a diver to a subsurface search. This process evaluates
the dive operation to determine if the risk to the safety of the diver is worth the benefit of conducting
the dive. The safety of the diver shall be number one and this may lead to a No-Dive Decision at that
time.
Continued on Page 3
Public Safety Diver Search Patterns
Page 2 International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
The “No Dive” Decision
The second element of the decision-making process includes the right of the individual public
safety diver to say No! I can’t make this dive. This is accomplished by the individual diver conducting
his/her personal risk/benefit analysis to determine their ability to make to dive. A divers training, equip-
ment, comfort level, experience and health may play into their decision to make the dive or step aside
and let another diver move to the primary diver role. The ability for a diver to make a no-dive decision at any point in the operation is a safety tool
that should be written into the dive team’s SOP/SOG. It is important that the dive team leadership promotes this safety procedure in the culture of the dive team. By writing this no-dive decision into
the team’s policies and promoting this safety procedure into the culture of the team, it will prohibit
peer pressure from causing a diver to make a dive they are unprepared to handle.
References: Dive Rescue International, Dive Rescue Specialist—Operational Training of Public Safety Divers, Steven Orusa, 2007
Fish habitats come in a variety of shapes, sizes and materials and provide fish cover. In a fisherman’s
eye, these are gold mines for harvesting big trophy fish. However, to the Public Safety Diver, they
cause major safety problems with entanglement in low visibility and interrupt good search pattern in-
tegrity. These habitats are being made endlessly in what is known as “Rush for the Brush” projects and
are being placed all over the US. They are being placed in rivers, lakes and ponds from single units
around the shallow edges to multiple units being placed on top of each other in the deep areas.
While performing monthly Dive training in a private lake, the Indianapolis Fire Department Di-
ve Team was faced with this entanglement hazard for the first time. The diver started his pattern be-
yond the habitat and, as he made his first sweep, the line became entangled. As the diver tried to un-
foul his line, the line became more entangled in what he described as a lot of PVC pipes. The diver was
unable to reach the center of the habitat where the rope was entangled. As the Diver attempted again
to un-foul the line it tightened and pulled the diver face first into the bottom of the lake. The diver fol-
lowed dept. procedure signaling for the back-up diver via verbal coms. to assist. The Diver was able to
disconnect from his chest harness and surface to keep the back-up diver from entering the entangle-
ment. The line had become so fouled into this habitat that the safest end result was to cut the OTS
tethered communications rope at the entanglement point closest to the shore. The divers were both
OK, remained calm, fell back on their training, and overcame this seemingly impossible hazard.
Continued on Page 4
The “No Dive” Decision
Page 3 International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
Entanglement Hazard for PSD Divers
I would strongly encourage all PSD teams to make your divers aware of this new entanglement
hazard and work towards training your divers on solutions to overcome this hazard. They can be
found on line at numerous web site locations.
Thank you to Lt. Scott Huff with the Indianapolis Fire Department for sending this to the PSD
community. Knowledge is power and makes us safer
Everyone that has been in the position of a dive team leader or the instructor of a training
course has been faced with bringing a group of individuals together as a team. Many times we are faced
with being in a classroom and on a training location with other dive team members we may not know
or don’t know very well. This occurs when we have regional trainings or attend classes outside our
departments or agencies. Its human nature to sit at a distance and gage or size up everyone else in the
room or on the scene and as members of the public safety community we are “on guard” more than
the non-public safety community.
If you think back many years you most likely learned everything you need to know about
“breaking the ice” with a group of individuals from your time at a summer camp. On day one your
camp counselor had everyone introduce them selves to the rest of the cabin then it was off to play a
few games. Everyone remembers the three legged relay race or the egg on the spoon relay race? What
did these events do to the group? We all laughed at each other and shared ideas on how to do it bet-
ter, but more importantly, we were communicating with each other and learning about each other.
Summer camp and youth sports are based on confidence and team building skills. We can use these
same techniques to build relationships on our own teams and/or in a training session.
Before the eye rolling starts, I am not saying to have a three legged race at your next class or
monthly training, I am saying you can develop a small team building exercise to help kick start the rela-
tionship building. Anyone that has attended one of my classes knows I like to use the “Mine Field” ex-
ercise to begin building team work. It’s simple and can be conducted in the classroom, pool deck, park-
ing lot or beach. I use a throw bag rope to mark a ten foot by twelve foot box that is divided in two
lanes. In the two six foot by ten foot lanes, place items (mines) the divers will need to step over. You
can use fins, gloves, clay pigeons, etc. Anything that will not be damaged, if stepped on.
The idea is to have a blind folded diver lead through the mine field by one of his teammates us-
ing voice commands. There are many ideas for blind folds, but I most often use a standard scuba mask
with duck tape covering both lenses. Each team member goes through the course until one team has
all members complete. If a team member touches a mine they go back to the end of the line to start
over. It turns into a competition and is fun to watch. This can be an easy way for you to begin building
team work. Enjoy!
David Owens, Dive Rescue International Corporate Trainer, DOwens@diverescueintl.com
The Science Behind The IADRS / NFPA Annual Watermanship Test
Page 4 International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
LEADERSHIP CORNER
Page 5 International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
Dive Rescue International 2016 Training Calendar
Dive Rescue 1
Fort Pierce, FL March 23-25, 2016
Pelham, AL May 16-18, 2016
Clackamas, OR May 18-20, 2016
Faribault, MN May 20-22, 2016
Iowa City, IA June 3-5, 2016
Bentonville, AR June 17-19, 2016
Bakersfield, CA November 11-13, 2016
Dive Rescue 1 Trainer
Fort Pierce, FL April 8-12, 2016
Indianapolis, IN July 25-29, 2016
Dive Rescue 2
Fort Pierce, FL March 26-30, 2016
Humminbird
Fort Collins, CO April 9-10, 2016
Interspiro Repair Tech
West Bend, WI April 9, 2016
Surface Supplied Air
Israel February 21-23, 2016
Swift Water Rescue 1
Golden, CO June 3-5, 2016
Swift Water Rescue 2
Golden, CO June 6-8, 2016
Swift Water Rescue Trainer
Golden, CO June 9-13, 2016
Underwater Investigator
Hudson, IL February 21-23, 2016
Ice Rescue Trainer
Milford, OH February 2-4, 2016
Holland, MI February 19-21, 2016
Troy, OH February 26-28, 2016
Colorado, CO March 4-6, 2016
Med Dive
Greely, CO February 24-25, 2016
Hartland, MI February 27-28, 2016
Fort Pierce, FL March 31-April 1, 2016
Iowa City, IA May 30-31, 2016
Public Safety Scuba Instructor
Fort Pierce, FL April 2-6, 2016
Indianapolis, IN. July 18-22, 2016
Ice Diving Operations Trainer
Greeley, CO. February 19-21, 2016
PSDS
Iowa City, IA June 1-2, 2016
Bentonville, AR June 24-25, 2016
VCI
Bloomington, IN March 11, 2016
Indianapolis, IN April 19, 2016
Bloomington, IN May 13, 2016
Bloomington, IN June 10, 2016
Bloomington, IN July 15, 2016
Bloomington, IN August 12, 2016
Bloomington, IN September 9, 2016
Bloomington, IN October 14, 2016
Bloomington, IN November 18, 2016
Bloomington, IN December 9, 2016
WOOD
Channahon, IL March 21-22, 2016
Light Salvage & Recovery
Iowa City, IA June 6-8, 2016
Evidence Recovery Operations
Akron, OH May 10-11, 2016
Dry Suit Repair Pelham, AL May 19, 2016
Current Diving
Fort Collins, CO April 11-15, 2016
Benton Harbor, MI May 16-16, 2016
Animal Rescue in Floods
Indianapolis, IN September 12, 2016
Dive Rescue International
(800) 248-3483 or (970) 482-0887
www.DiveRescueIntl.com
Page 6 International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
Preconference Courses:
Evidence Recovery Opera-
tions
Public Safety Diver Survival
Animal Rescue in Floods
Sonar Operations
Remotely Operated Vehicles
Interspiro Technician
Guardian Repair Technician
This year’s conference will have lecture
presentations featuring sonar operations,
evidence recovery operations,
Public Safety Diver Fatality case studies
and much more!
There will be hands on training in under
water search patterns, Basic Skills Under-
water Obstacle Course and more!
The 2016 International Public Safety Diver Conference will be held in Indianapolis, Indiana.
The conference registration fee includes hotel room (9/12-9/15) and breakfast and lunch on
Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday (9/12-9/15) of the conference. Dinner will be provided on
Wednesday (9/14) at the IADRS Awards Dinner
Register Now at IADRS.org/conference For additional information regarding conference registration and/or accommodation questions, contact David
Owens at the IADRS office (970) 482-1562 or via email at dowens@iadrs.org
Registration deadline is August 1, 2016
International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists,
The Indianapolis Fire Department & Dive Rescue International Proudly Presents
International Public Safety Diver Conference
September 12-15, 2016
Indianapolis, Indiana
2016 International Public Safety Diver Conference
Indianapolis, Indiana
Agenda
2016 Pre Conference Education
Public Safety Diver Survival Course
Saturday 09/10/16 – 0800 – 1700: Classroom & Pool Session
Sunday 09/11/16 – 0800 – 1700: Pool Session
Animal Rescue in Floods
Monday 09/12/16 – 0800 – 1700: Classroom
Underwater Investigations
Saturday 09/10/16 – 0800 – 1700: Classroom
Sunday 09/11/16 – 0800 – 1700: Classroom
Public Safety Water Rescue/Recovery Operations using Sonar
Marine Sonic
Sunday 09/11/16 – 0800 – 1700: Classroom
Monday 09/12/16 – 0800 – 1700: On water operations
Interspiro Technician Certification
Monday 09/12/16 – 0800 – 1700: Classroom
To Register for the above classes use the form attached or contact Dive Rescue International
@ 800-248-3463
Guardian Repair Technician Certification
Monday 09/12/16 – 0800 – 1700: Classroom
To Register for the Guardian class contact Amie @ Oceans Technology System 800-550-
1984 Ext 116 or amie@otscomm.com
2016 Conference
Day 1
Monday 09/12/16 –
10:00am Exhibit hall setup begins at 10:00 am
4:00 – 5:30pm: Registration/packet pickup
6:00 – 7:00pm: Welcome Reception
7:00 – 8:30pm: Opening ceremony
Voices of IFD
Pledge of Allegiance
Keynote speaker
Conference overview
Day 2
Tuesday 09/13/16 –
0730 –0800: Exhibitors open
0700 – 0800: Breakfast
0800 – 0830: Opening remarks
Welcome from IFD Fire - Chief Ernest Malone
Executive Director - Blades Robinson
Conference Overview— David Owens
0830 – 0900: Indianapolis Fire Department Dive Team Kevin Jones
0900 – 0930: Break, vendors raffle ticket sales
1000 – 1200: Reading Sonar images Mark Atherton
1200 – 1300: Lunch
**Conference Agenda Subject to Change**
Day 2 Continued
1300 – 1700pm: Classroom Breakout session -
In Water Breakout Session – Search Pattern Techniques
In Water Breakout Session – Basic Skills/Obstacle Course
In Water Breakout Session – Emergency Procedures
In Water Vendor Products – Pool Session
Day 3
Wednesday 09/14/16 –
0730 –0800: Exhibitors open
0700 – 0800: Breakfast
0800 – 0830: Raffle
0830 – 0930: Land SAR Philosophy applied in Water Search Ops Emily Kane
0930 – 0915: Break, vendors raffle
0915 – 1015: Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine Society Dr. Sadler
1015 – 1100: Break, Vendors Raffle Sales
1100 – 1200: Manmade Fish Habitat—PSD entanglement hazard Scott Huff
1200 – 1300: Lunch
1300 – 1700: Classroom Breakout session -
In Water Breakout Session – Search Pattern Techniques
In Water Breakout Session – Basic Skills/Obstacle Course
In Water Breakout Session – Emergency Procedures
In Water Vendor Products – Pool Session
**Conference Agenda Subject to Change**
Day 4
Thursday 09/14/16 –
0730 –0800: Exhibitors open
0700 – 0800: Breakfast
0800 – 0830: Raffle
0830 – 0930: PSD Fatality Case study Jerry Richert
0930 – 0915: Break, vendors raffle
0915 – 1015: Fund Raising Techniques for PSD Teams Grayson FD
1015 – 1100: Break, Vendors Raffle Sales
1100 – 1200: PSD Team Training—Ideas from the membership
1200 – 1300: Lunch
1300 – 1700pm: Classroom Breakout session -
In Water Breakout Session – Search Pattern Techniques
In Water Breakout Session – Basic Skills/Obstacle Course
In Water Breakout Session – Emergency Procedures
In Water Vendor Products – Pool Session
1800 – 1830: Return to Hotel
Follow the IADRS:
Twitter: IADRS@IADRS911
Facebook: Facebook.com/IADRSPSD
**Conference Agenda Subject to Change**
Page 11 International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
2016 IADRS Conference Attendee Registration
Name
Address
City State Zip
Phone Number Email
Department
Current IADRS Member Yes No
Registration deadline is August 1, 2016
Conference Rates
IADRS Member $850 $750 for 2nd participant (If hotel room can be shared)
Non-IADRS Member $950
Hands on Training
There will be an opportunity to dive vendor equipment on Thursday afternoon of the conference. If you are
diving, you must be a certified diver and attach a copy of your C-card to this registration form. Bring your
own dive gear. Tanks & weights can be rented.
Rental Equipment Divers Supply Indy
104 S. Post Rd Indianapolis, IN. 46219
317-897-2822
Payment Visa, Mastercard, or Check
Credit Card # CCV______ Expiration Date _________
Name on Card
Billing Address for Card
City State Zip ______
Signature
Conference rates include hotel room 9/12-9/15, and breakfast and lunch on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thurs-
day of the conference. Dinner provided on Wednesday at the IADRS Awards Dinner
A registration form is required for each attendee
Send Registration Form VIA
FAX:317-641-0730 Email: dowens@iadrs.org
Mail: IADRS, 8103 East US Highway 36, Box 171, Avon, IN 46123
*Conference agenda subject to change*
The International Association of Dive Rescue Specialists is dedicated to helping water rescue professionals stay
informed about advances in training, equipment, and life saving techniques. The IADRS will continue to maintain an
environment where water rescue professionals can communicate, so that we may all learn from our combined
knowledge and experience.
Visit us on the web at www.IADRS.org
Wonderful INDY in the Fall!!
That’s the location for this year’s conference. Indianapolis, Indiana on
September 12-15, 2016 for the
2016 International Public Safety
Diver Conference
Sponsored by the Indianapolis Fire Department,
Dive Rescue International and the International
Association of Dive Rescue Specialists
International Association
of Dive Rescue Specialists, Inc.
8103 East US Highway 36
Avon, IN 46123
www.IADRS.org
970-482-1562
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