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Events leading to RevolutionAmerican Identity
Ch. 5 - 6
Main events before USA
Founding of USA
Development of
government
Our government
today…
Standard
Essential Question
What events created tension between Britain & the colonies, leading to Revolution ( independence)? –Relationship –Conflict–Change
Why did the American colonists have the rights of Englishmen?
• American Colonists = British subjects living in America
• Brought ideas from Great Britain
• The colonists experiences with British government influenced what they thought about limited government.
• The colonists expected their government to preserve their rights as English subjects.
Salutary Neglect
• Colonies were far away• Great Britain paying little attention &
interfering little with the colonies• Colonists used to act on their own = ruling
themselves
British or American??• to far away ( Salutary
Neglect)• As the years past, the
colonial government took on more power and responsibility.
• The British colonists were living as Americans
• They were building: Towns / Churches / Roads / schools / their own government
• Colonies formed own elected assemblies/ representatives ( similar to House of Commons)– House of Burgesses
( Virginia)• Imposed taxes • Managed colonies
• Colonies governed themselves, but England still had authority over them
British or American??2. At first the British government was content at leaving the colonies alone. ( Salutary neglect)
3. But as the colonies grew more successful, Great Britain saw them as a source of great wealth. ( Mercantilism)
4. In the mid-1700s the action of Parliament led to a series of events that made some colonists see themselves as real Americans.
1. They built a thriving economy and learned they could settle their own problems without the help of Britain.
Events leading to revolutionRevolution = changes by force….. CONFLICT
1. Money in the Colonies
• During the late 1600s and 1700s, the government of Great Britain followed a policy of mercantilism.
1. Mercantilism • The theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys.
• The British thought this would bring wealth.
• This wealth would then be used to develop the nation’s industry and navy.
• For the policy to work, Britain needed a source of cheap materials with which to manufacture goods.
• So after ignoring the American colonies for many years, the British government began to realize the value of the colonies.
1. Mercantilism & Navigation ActsNavigation Acts
– Tighter British control– 1650-1696– By British Parliament– Laws – limiting & controlling trade within
colonies• British policy was to squeeze as much wealth
as possible out of America.• Supported system of Mercantilism• Parliament passed a series of laws
that required the colonies to sell raw materials to Britain at low prices.
• The colonists also had to buy British goods at higher prices.
• English ships only• English ports• certain products sold only to England
2. Great Awakening
• 1730’s & 1740’s in America
• Religious movement • Questioning• Individual worth• Thoughts of Equality
– Religious / spiritual– Social
• Right to challenge authority
• Started changing ideas of colonists & led to social fervor - prepare them to break away from England
3.French & Indian War : New land – debts & taxes
• The situation became worse.
• After 1763 Britain fought a long, expensive war with France and had gone into debt.
• To pay its heavy war debts, Britain began to place heavy taxes on the American colonies.
3. Problems with France
• England VS. France• Problems over land &
fur trade
Albany Plan – “Join or Die”
• During problems w/ France
• Plan by colonists – “Albany Plan”
• Meeting in Albany, NY• Invite Colonists to join to
fight against a common enemy (French)
• Political Cartoon• By Ben Franklin
3. French & Indian War• What? French & Indian War• When? 1754-1763• Who?
British / Colonists/ Native American Allies
VS French / colonists/ Native American Allies • Why? (Cause)
– Land ( Ohio River Valley )– power/ trade
• Winner? British
French & Indian War - Consequences
• Consequences? Outcomes or Effects – Treaty of Paris of 1763
• End of war – England won
• France lost their land: England obtain new land in America: Britain claimed all land east of Mississippi River
4. After the French & Indian WarProclamation Act of 1763
• Problems with Native Americans – Colonists moving across mountains into
Native American lands
• Proclamation Act of 1763– Prohibits colonist to settle / move west
to Appalachian Mountains
Official declaration by King of England & Parliament
1763 – after French & Indian War Banned British settlers west of
Appalachian Mountains Why? To avoid problems with Indians Colonists were angry / will ignored it
VISUAL – Reading NOTES Read Ch. 6 : Workbook pages 53-56 or textbook pages 159- 171
Create visual notes explaining the events that created conflict between the British & colonists, and some tools of protest used by the colonists
Event:___________________________________Explanation:
Event:___________________________________Explanation:
Event:___________________________________Explanation:
Event:___________________________________Explanation:
Event:___________________________________Explanation:
Event:___________________________________Explanation:
After the French & Indian War:Tighter British Control
New land New debts New taxes in the colonies
Opposition to British policiesColonists complaints
• Colonists … “Britain threatening our rights”– “ We are British subjects”
“ We have rights”
• No taxation without consent– “NO TAXATION WITHOUT
REPRESENTATION”– Colonists didn’t have
representatives in Parliament
• Taxes take away their freedoms & rights
• Against their rights as British citizens
Colonial Resistance
• Protests– Tea Party
• Boycotts- refuse to buy • Committees of Correspondence
– Communication within colonies ( letters)• Petition to the King
– Asking the King what they wanted• Secret Societies ( “underground” groups)
– Sons of Liberty– Daughters of Liberty
Boston Massacre - 1770
Protest – went wrongTension between troops
& colonistsViolent eventSoldiers fire 5 colonists dead 1st time that British troops
had killed colonists Used as propagandaAnti-British feelings • Video Clip
Conflicts Continue
• Problems between Britain and its colonies continue….
• Day of Boston Massacre a proposal to repeal the Townshend Acts
• All taxes except one were eventually repealed• Tax on Tea – Tea Act ( new law)
Tea Act - 1773
• Continuation of taxation• To show who
is boss!• Tax on tea
Boston Tea Party:Colonial Response to Tea Act
• Protest ( Sons of Liberty)
• Disguised as Native Americans
• Dumped British tea in the Boston harbor
British response to the Boston Tea Party: Intolerable or Coercive Acts
• This did not help the situation. Parliament passed a new series of laws, which the American called the Intolerable Acts
• 1774– Series of laws to punish
Boston, Massachusetts– Mass. Must pay tea– A warning to other colonies1. Closed port of Boston2. Banned committees of
correspondence3. Took other rights from
colonists (no trial by jury)4. Force colonists to house
British troops (Quartering Act - AGAIN!!!)
Colonists response to the Intolerable Acts: 1st Continental Congress
The colonies will join, and offer their support to Massachusetts , sending food, clothing, etc.
Communication & Unity within the colonies – Committees of Correspondence
Called a meeting to discuss what to do next- First Continental Congress
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