Evaluate the decisions made to the major issues at the Paris Peace Conference

• Evaluate the decisions made to the major issues at the Paris Peace Conference

• Judge the lasting effect of the Paris Peace Conference on Europe

The end of WWI…A cause of WWII

• Europe in shambles• About 10 million

dead from war• What countries

have most casualties?– France– Russia– Germany– A-H

• Most destruction in…– France– Belgium– Russia

• New Govs– Russia – suspicious

Communists– Germany – Kaiser

flees– Broken Vases

• A-H• Ottoman Empire

• More death after WWI– famine– influenza

• receives hero’s welcome

• Bad politician who holds grudges– idealistic and

stubborn• insists on 14 points– League of Nations

• ideas were ahead of their time

• Leaves France in 1919 quietly

• Typical politician• bitter hatred of Germany– wants Germany to

dismantled to fullest extent

– Afraid of Germany’s potential power of France

– Wants what land back?• Has bargaining power

since France was devastated the most

• Disliked Wilson and his idealistic ideas– “Mr. Wilson bores me with his

Fourteen Points. Why God Almighty has only ten!”

– will debate and argue over the 14 Points and anger Wilson tremendously

• Gets shot in the conference• Imperialistic, vengeful,

bitter mindset will create future problems

• Another typical politician• Stuck in the middle…• Poor foreign policy

knowledge• wants Germany to stay

strong to help British economy

• also has imperialistic mindset that creates future problems

• sides with Clemenceau often on most issues and hurts Germany

1. Punishing Germany

2. Soviet Union & Communism threat

3. Self-Determination good & bad

4. Woodrow Wilson’s League of Nations

1. Reparations on Germany– payments

for war damage

– How much should Germany pay in 1919?

– $30 billion

2. loses land

to…– France– Poland– Denmark– Belgium– Czech…– Lithuania

3. surrenders all colonies

4. cannot unite with Austria or Czech…

5. limit

German army– 100K

standing army

6. limit German navy– 24 ships– No subs

• War Guilt Clause• Germany must admit it is to blame for WWI

• Germany signs

Versailles Treaty Under Protest• FORCED to sign…or be

invaded by Allies• Germany was most

resentful of what punishment?

• Winston Churchill, Secretary of War advised the Big 3 to invade USSR and overthrow the Bolsheviks• Simulation people…you

had 4 options!!!

• “Invite” Russians to conference

• give aid to opponents to overthrow Bolsheviks

• ????• Lenin catches

them as two-faces

• USSR gets even more suspicious of the Capitalist west

• Allowing people in a land to vote/decide what country they want to be a part of

• Eastern Europe will choose what government they want to be part of

• Main European countries that lose land or get broken up (dismantled bubbles) – Austria Hungary– Germany– Russia

• Some countries still not recreated the best way– Czech…– Poland

• Everyone can’t be pleased– Italy

• Some deserve it and some don’t

• colonies in Middle East, Africa and Asia not allowed Self-Determination– mandates instead• territories

administered by western powers

– GB and France take over German colonies

– Imperialism still around!!!!

• Should the Big 3 keep the Sykes-Picot agreement and let GB & France rule these newly created countries temporarily?

• If no, then the Arabs rule their own lands after WWI

• Should the Big 3 give Italy the land that it is asking for, even if it may not agree with Self-Determination? If the Italians are not satisfied, they may leave the conference, making the Big 3 look bad

• LON is like the UN today–Wilson’s idea is ahead

of its time• 40 countries join LON–but not USA

• USA does not ratify Treaty of Versailles–Becomes isolationist

• It’s powerless!!–No armed

forces

•Italy•Germany•Japan