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The Euro-MediterraneanHuman Rights Network
Supported by the European Commission
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Presentation Outline
PART I
The EU Institutions: How Can NGOs Act with the
EU institutions ?
PART II
Human Rights Mechanisms in EU-SouthMediterranean Countries Relations, especially withIsrael
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The EU InstitutionsHow to Act on the
EU Human Rights Mechanisms?
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The EU System
1st PillarEuropean
Community (EC)
Decision at Majorityof Member states
-Economic matters- Internal Market
-Other policies, incl.migration, asylum,
developmentcooperation, trade
and customs
2nd PillarCommon Foreign
and Security
Policy (CFSP)
Unanimity of MS
-Political and securitydimension
3rd PillarPolice and Judicial
Cooperation in
Criminal Matters
Unanimity of MS
Terrorism
Trafficking inhuman beings
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General EU Commitments on HR
EU Treaties
The EU is founded on the principles of liberty,democracy, respect for HR and fundamental freedoms,and the rule of law, principles which are common to the
Member States(Art.6 EUT)
HR as an objective of: CFSP
to develop and consolidate democracy and the rule of law, andrespect for HR and fundamental freedom (11.1 EUT)
Development cooperation and economic, financialand technical cooperation with third countriesto contribute to the general objective of developing andconsolidating democracy and the rule of law, and to that ofrespecting HR and fundamental freedoms (181a and 177.2 ECT)
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General EU Commitments on HR
1995, EU Commissions Communication, The inclusion of respect fordemocracy principles and HR in agreements between Community andThird Countries
HR Clause in all bilateral agreements 1996, EU Commissions Communication, Incorporating equal
opportunities for women and men into all Community policies andactivities
Gender mainstreaming principle 2000, EUCharter of Fundamental Rights
Guide EU Commissions actions within its external relations 2001, EU Commissions Communication, TheEURole in promoting HR
and democratisation in third countries HR mainstreaming EU HR Guidelines on :
HR defenders, Death Penalty, Torture,
HR dialogues with third countries, Children in armed conflictPromoting compliance withInternational Humanitarian Law
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EU Institutions
European Council
Council of the European Union
European Commission
European Parliament
Court of Justice of the European Communities
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European Council
Composition
27 Heads of States and Governments
Competences
Sets the general political orientations of EU policies
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Council of the European Union
Composition Ministers of the 27 Member States
Eg: General affairs Council
External relations Council
(Ministers of Foreign Affairs)
Presidency Germany Jan/june 2007
Portugal July/dec 2007
Slovenia Jan/june 2008
France July/dec 2008
Troka (current and future Presidencies andCommission)
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Council of the European Union
Competences
Legislative body
Decision making body regarding EU foreign policies
Conclusion of international agreements
Adoption of ENP Action Plans
Instruments:
-Regulations, directives, decisions, common actions, commonpositions, recommendations, opinions, conclusions, declarations,
resolutions, demarches- EU HR Guidelines on :
HR defenders, Death Penalty, Torture,
HR dialogues with third countries, Children in armed conflict
Promoting compliance withInternational Humanitarian Law
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Council of the European Union
Assisted by
General Secretariat of the Council
COREPER
Working Groups
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Council of the European Union
COREPER and Working Groups
Representatives of the Member States to prepare thework of Ministers: in Permanent Representations of the MS in Brussels
In MS Foreign Affairs Ministries in MS Embassies in third countries
Divided into Working Groupse.g. COHOM for HR
Maghreb-Mashrek Group Gulf and Middle East Group COMAG
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Council of the European Union
General Secretariat of the Council
Secretary General/High representative for theCFSP: Mr. Solana
With a Personal Representative for HR: Ms. RiinaKionka
Council Secretariat Staff
e.g. Middle East, Mediterranean Unit
Human rights Unit
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European Commission
Composition
President: Mr. Barroso
25Commissioners
Mrs. Ferrero-Waldner, External relations and ENP
24 Directorates General
e.g. DG External Relations (Relex)
DG for Humanitarian Aid (ECHO) EuropAid
EC Delegations in third countries
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European Commission
Competences
Proposes EU legislation and policies
Executive body
Proposes EU Budget
Negotiates agreements with third countries (AA)
Negotiates and monitors implementation of APs
Prepares and follow up meetings of EMP Develops country strategies, NIPs and RIPs
Manages EU assistance to third countries
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European Commission
DG Relex
Political Direction on EU Foreign Affairs Programming of Aid in:
Country Strategy Papers and National Indicative Programmes (NIP) Regional Strategy Papers and Regional Indicative Programmes
(RIP)
Programming of EIDHR Strategy Paper 2007-2010
Initiates Commissions Communications andpolicies on foreign affairs and HR
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European Commission
DG RELEX
Directorate B
Multilateral relations
and Human rights
Directorate D
ENP Coordination
Directorate F
Middle East,
Southern Mediterranean
Unit B 1
HR and democratization
Unit F1 Euromed and
regional issues
F2 Gulf Countries, Iran,
Iraq and Yemen
F3 Near East
F4 Maghreb
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European Commission
EuropeAid
Manages EU Assistance to third countries
Manages former MEDA, EIDHR and ENPI Programmes Annual financing plan based on NIPs/RIPs and EIDHR
programming
Identification till evaluation of the projects
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EuropAid
Directorate A
Europe, Southern Mediterranean,
Middle East, Neighbourhood PolicyDirectorate E
Quality of operations
04 Central Management of
thematic budget lines
Unit E4
Governance, HR,
democracy and gender
European Commission
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European Commission
Delegations
Increased role of the Delegations since the de-concentration reform in 2000
Responsibilities of the Delegations : Represent EU Commission in third countries
Increased role on the ground in countries and in EUCommission policy making
Manage budget lines for MEDA and ENPI HR and civilsociety projects and EIDHR micro-projects
Report on political developments and HR
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European Parliament
Composition
732 Members (MEPs) gathered in 7 politicalgroups
Parliamentary Committeese.g. Committee on Foreign Affairs
Sub Committee on HR
Inter-parliamentary delegations
e.g. Maghreb, Mahsrek, Israel,
Palestinian Legislative Council, Turkey
EP delegation to EMPA
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European Parliament
Competences
Co-legislative body on Community issues
eg: customs and development issues
Only advisory role in Foreign affairs issues
Except:
Co-budgetary authority
Assent for agreements with third countries
Instruments:
Reports, resolutions, hearings, oral and written questions,missions (elections)
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EU Funding for HR
and Democracy Projects
TillEnd 2006:
MEDA
EIDHR
Start 2007:
European Neighbourhood and
Partnership Instrument (ENPI)European Instrument for Democracy and
HR
HR and Governance facility
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MEDA
EMP Financial Instrument
MEDA Regulation adopted by the EU in 1996
Apply to states, local and regional authoritiesand civil society with government consent
Includes a HR Clause
Budget: Meda II 2000-2006 : 5.35 Billions Euros
Ends in 2006
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European Neighbourhood
and Partnership Instrument
Instrument for the ENP implementation (replaces MEDA)
Regulation adopted on 17 October 2006
No HR clause: only build on commitments to commonvalues and scope possibly includes HR
Objectives :
Supporting the implementation of the ENP Action plans
Cross-border cooperation and intra-regional cooperation
Technical assistance for institutional capacity building
With host government consent
Budget: 11,181 billion for 2007/2013
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ENPI
Programming Managed by the EU Commission Priorities identifies with the Countries in:
Country Strategy Papers (CSPs)/Regional StrategyPaper (RSP) 2007/2013 Define the main goals, guidelines and priority sectors for 7 years
National Indicative Programmes (NIPs)/ RegionalIndicative Programm (RIP), 2007-2010 for 3 years
Annual Programmes
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European Initiative for
Democracy and Human Rights
Specific instrument to support HR and democracyWorldwide
EU Regulation in 1999
Beneficiaries: NGOs and international organisations Without host government consent
Priorities 2005-2006 through 4 Thematic Campaigns:
1. Promoting justice and the rule of law
2. Fostering a culture of HR
3. Promoting the democratic process
4. Advancing equality, tolerance and peace
Budget: 100/130 million Euros/ Year
Ends in 2006
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European Instrument for
Democracy and HR
New legal basis for HR Projects 2007-2013(build on the EIDHR)
Regulation adopted on 19Decembre 2006 Now: Possibility to fundnon-recognizedNGOs
Draft Programming Document 2007-10 andthen 2011-13
Annual Work Programme to be adopted foreach year
Budget 2007-13 : 1,1billion euros
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European InstrumentDemocracy and HR
Programming/ObjectivesDRAFTObjective 1 To develop the political space within which civil society may
develop,where basic freedoms are most at riskObjective 2 Stenghtening the role of civil society in promoting HR and democracy
reform, in supporting conflict prevention and in developping politicalparticipation and representation in those countries where there issufficient freedom and room for manuvre
Objective 3
Supporting actions on human rights and democracy issues in areascovered by EU Guidelines, including on HR dialogues, on HRdefenders, on the death penalty, on torture, and on children and armedconflict
Other Objectives Supporting international organisations
Election monitoring
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Project Cycle Management
Identification(EIDHR Projects
Calls for proposalsby EuropAid and
Delegations)
Financing
Evaluation Appraisal
Implementation
ProgrammingBy DG Relex
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